ASTM D4597-10

Standard Practice for Sampling Workplace Atmospheres to Collect Gases or Vapors with Solid Sorbent Diffusive Samplers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Regulations such as those promulgated by the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration in 29 CFR 1910.1000 designate that certain hazardous gases and vapors must not be present in the workplace air at concentrations above specific values.
This practice, when used in conjunction with an analytical technique, such as that given for organic compounds in Practice D3687, may provide a means for the determination of time-weighted airborne concentrations of many of the hazardous gases and vapors in applicable regulations (for example, 29CFR 1919.1000,), as well as others.
The manufacturer's literature should be consulted for the appropriate list of chemicals which may be sampled by a particular device.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the sampling of workplace atmospheres for the presence of certain gases or vapors by means of diffusion across a specified quiescent region and subsequent sorption on a solid sorbent (1).  
1.2 A list of organic compounds which are applicable to solid sorbent sampling where the sorbent is contained in a bed through which air is passed is given in Annex A1 of Practice D3686. Diffusive samplers may be applicable to a similar range of compounds but this must be confirmed by reference to the individual sampler manufacturers' literature.
1.3 The valid use of diffusive samplers depends on the existence of actual laboratory or field validation, or both. Guidance on validation can be obtained from published protocols  (2-6). This practice is not designed to cover the verification, validation, or specific test procedures used to assess the accuracy or precision of diffusive samplers.
1.4 The values stated in SI units shall be regarded as the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2010
• ICS: 13.040.30 - Workplace atmospheres
• ICS: 13.100 - Occupational safety. Industrial hygiene
• Technical Committee: D22 - Air Quality
• Drafting Committee: D22.04 - Workplace Air Quality

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4597-03(2009)e1 - Standard Practice for Sampling Workplace Atmospheres to Collect Gases or Vapors with Solid Sorbent Diffusive Samplers
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D1356-20a - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D6246-08(2018) - Standard Practice for Evaluating the Performance of Diffusive Samplers
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D7758-17 - Standard Practice for Passive Soil Gas Sampling in the Vadose Zone for Source Identification, Spatial Variability Assessment, Monitoring, and Vapor Intrusion Evaluations
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4597 − 10
StandardPractice for
Sampling Workplace Atmospheres to Collect Gases or
1
Vapors with Solid Sorbent Diffusive Samplers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4597; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3686Practice for Sampling Atmospheres to Collect Or-
ganic Compound Vapors (Activated Charcoal Tube Ad-
1.1 This practice covers the sampling of workplace atmo-
sorption Method)
spheresforthepresenceofcertaingasesorvaporsbymeansof
D3687Practice for Analysis of Organic Compound Vapors
diffusion across a specified quiescent region and subsequent
2 Collected by the Activated Charcoal Tube Adsorption
sorption on a solid sorbent (1).
Method
1.2 A list of organic compounds which are applicable to
D6306GuideforPlacementandUseofDiffusionControlled
solid sorbent sampling where the sorbent is contained in a bed
Passive Monitors for Gaseous Pollutants in Indoor Air
through which air is passed is given in Annex A1 of Practice 4
2.2 Other Document:
D3686. Diffusive samplers may be applicable to a similar
Title 29CFR1910.1000 Subpart Z Occupational Health and
rangeofcompoundsbutthismustbeconfirmedbyreferenceto
Safety Standard
the individual sampler manufacturers’ literature.
3. Terminology
1.3 The valid use of diffusive samplers depends on the
existence of actual laboratory or field validation, or both.
3.1 Terminology D1356 contains definitions of terms used
Guidance on validation can be obtained from published proto-
in this practice.
cols (2-6). This practice is not designed to cover the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
verification, validation, or specific test procedures used to
3.2.1 diffusion—the movement of gas or vapor molecules
assess the accuracy or precision of diffusive samplers.
from a region of high concentration to a region of low
1.4 The values stated in SI units shall be regarded as the
concentration as described by Fick’s first law (8.1).
standard.
3.2.2 diffusive sampler—assembly used for sampling gas or
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
vapor molecules from the atmosphere.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.3 sampling rate—theratioofmassofagivencompound
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
collectedbyadiffusivesamplerperunittimeofexposuretothe
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
concentration of that compound in the atmosphere being
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
sampled. The sampling rate is sometimes referred to as the
3
uptake rate. Units are ng (or mg)/ mg/m /min (or h), which are
2. Referenced Documents
dimensionally equivalent to a volume flow-rate (for example
3
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
cm /min).
D1356Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
4. Summary of Practice
Atmospheres
4.1 Molecules (gases and vapors) are sampled from the
atmosphere by a diffusive sampler. During the sampling
1
process, the molecules diffuse from the environment adjacent
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air
Qualityand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on WorkplaceAir
to the sampler through a region of defined geometric structure
Quality.
andintoaregioncontainingthesorbentmedium.Thetheoryof
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2010. Published January 2011. Originally
ϵ1 diffusive sampling is given in this practice.
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D4597–03(2009) .
DOI: 10.1520/D4597-10.
4.2 Instructionsaregivenforthecorrectuseofthesampling
2
Theboldfacenumbersinparenthesesrefertothelistofreferencesattheendof
devices to enable their field application.
this practice.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Code of Federal Regulations, available from U.S. Government Printing Office,
the ASTM website. Washington, DC 20402.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D4597 − 10
4.3 Informationonthecalculationofenvironmentalconcen- substrate and opening at the other to the environment. The
tration based on sampler assay is given. cavity or group of cavities form a region of defined geometry
whichactsasacontrolontherateofgaseousdiffusionfromthe
5. Significance and Use
external environment to the sorbent substrate. Barriers to the
entry of external air
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation:D4597–03 (Reapproved 2009) Designation:D4597–10
Standard Practice for
Sampling Workplace Atmospheres to Collect Gases or
1
Vapors with Solid Sorbent Diffusive Samplers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4597; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
´ NOTE—Reapproved with editorial changes in October 2009.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the sampling of workplace atmospheres for the presence of certain gases or vapors by means of
2
diffusion across a specified quiescent region and subsequent sorption on a solid sorbent (1).
1.2 Alist of organic compounds which are applicable to solid sorbent sampling where the sorbent is contained in a bed through
whichairispassedisgiveninAnnexA1ofPracticeD3686.Diffusivesamplersmaybeapplicabletoasimilarrangeofcompounds
but this must be confirmed by reference to the individual sampler manufacturers’ literature.
1.3 The valid use of diffusive samplers depends on the existence of actual laboratory or field validation, or both. Guidance on
validation can be obtained from published protocols (2-6). This practice is not designed to cover the verification, validation, or
specific test procedures used to assess the accuracy or precision of diffusive samplers.
1.4 The values stated in SI units shall be regarded as the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
D3686 Practice for Sampling Atmospheres to Collect Organic Compound Vapors (Activated Charcoal Tube Adsorption
Method)
D3687 Practice for Analysis of Organic Compound Vapors Collected by the Activated Charcoal Tube Adsorption Method
D6306 Guide for Placement and Use of Diffusion Controlled Passive Monitors for Gaseous Pollutants in Indoor Air
4
2.2 Other Document:
Title 29CFR 1910.1000 Subpart Z Occupational Health and Safety Standard
3. Terminology
3.1 Terminology D1356 contains definitions of terms used in this practice.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 diffusion—the movement of gas or vapor molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration
as described by Fick’s first law (8.1).
3.2.2 diffusive sampler—assembly used for sampling gas or vapor molecules from the atmosphere.
3.2.3 sampling rate—the ratio of mass of a given compound collected by a diffusive sampler per unit time of exposure to the
concentration of that compound in the atmosphere being sampled. The sampling rate is sometimes referred to as the uptake rate.
3 3
Units are ng (or mg)/ mg/m /min (or h), which are dimensionally equivalent to a volume flow-rate (for example cm /min).
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on Workplace Air Quality.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. Originally approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D4597–03. DOI:
10.1520/D4597-03R09E01.
´1
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2010. Published January 2011. Originally approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D4597 – 03(2009) . DOI:
10.1520/D4597-10.
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of this practice.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Code of Federal Regulations, available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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D4597–10
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 Molecules (gases and vapors) are sampled from the atmosphere by a diffusive sampler. During the sampling process, the
molecules diffuse from the environment adjacent to the sampler through a region of defined geometr
...