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ASTM E1888/E1888M-07

(Test Method)

Standard Practice for Acoustic Emission Examination of Pressurized Containers Made of Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic with Balsa Wood Cores

Standard Practice for Acoustic Emission Examination of Pressurized Containers Made of Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic with Balsa Wood Cores

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers guidelines for acoustic emission (AE) examinations of pressurized containers made of fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) with balsa cores. Containers of this type are commonly used on tank trailers for the transport of hazardous chemicals.
1.2 This practice is limited to cylindrical shape containers, 0.5 m [20 in.] to 3 m [120 in.] in diameter, of sandwich construction with balsa wood core and over 30 % glass (by weight) FRP skins. Reinforcing material may be mat, roving, cloth, unidirectional layers, or a combination thereof. There is no restriction with regard to fabrication technique or method of design.
1.3 This practice is limited to containers that are designed for less than 0.520 MPa [75.4 psi] (gage) above static pressure head due to contents.
1.4 This practice does not specify a time interval between examinations for re-qualification of a pressure container.
1.5 This practice is used to determine if a container is suitable for service or if follow-up NDT is needed before that determination can be made.
1.6 Containers that operate with a vacuum are not within the scope of this practice.
1.7 Repair procedures are not within the scope of this practice.
1.8 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Jun-2007
ICS
17.140.20 - Noise emitted by machines and equipment
23.020.10 - Stationary containers and tanks
Technical Committee
E07 - Nondestructive Testing
Drafting Committee
E07.04 - Acoustic Emission Method
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E1888/E1888M-02 - Standard Test Method for Acoustic Emission Examination of Pressurized Containers Made of Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic with Balsa Wood Cores
Effective Date
01-Jul-2007
Replaced By
ASTM E1888/E1888M-12 - Standard Practice for Acoustic Emission Examination of Pressurized Containers Made of Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic with Balsa Wood Cores
Effective Date
15-Jun-2012
Referred By
ASTM E543-21 - Standard Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive Testing
Effective Date
01-Jul-2007

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ASTM E1888/E1888M-07 - Standard Practice for Acoustic Emission Examination of Pressurized Containers Made of Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic with Balsa Wood CoresASTM E1888/E1888M-07 - Standard Practice for Acoustic Emission Examination of Pressurized Containers Made of Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic with Balsa Wood Cores
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ASTM E1888/E1888M-07 - Standard Practice for Acoustic Emission Examination of Pressurized Containers Made of Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic with Balsa Wood Cores
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E1888/E1888M – 07
Standard Practice for
Acoustic Emission Examination of Pressurized Containers
Made of Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic with Balsa Wood
1
Cores
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE1888/E1888M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
1.1 This practice covers guidelines for acoustic emission
tionary statements are given in Section 8.
(AE)examinationsofpressurizedcontainersmadeoffiberglass
reinforced plastic (FRP) with balsa cores. Containers of this
2. Referenced Documents
type are commonly used on tank trailers for the transport of
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
hazardous chemicals.
E543 Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestruc-
1.2 This practice is limited to cylindrical shape containers,
tive Testing
0.5 m [20 in.] to 3 m [120 in.] in diameter, of sandwich
E750 Practice for CharacterizingAcoustic Emission Instru-
construction with balsa wood core and over 30 % glass (by
mentation
weight) FRP skins. Reinforcing material may be mat, roving,
E976 Guide for Determining the Reproducibility ofAcous-
cloth, unidirectional layers, or a combination thereof. There is
tic Emission Sensor Response
norestrictionwithregardtofabricationtechniqueormethodof
E1067 Practice for Acoustic Emission Examination of Fi-
design.
berglass Reinforced Plastic Resin (FRP) Tanks/Vessels
1.3 This practice is limited to containers that are designed
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
for less than 0.520 MPa [75.4 psi] (gage) above static pressure
E2374 Guide for Acoustic Emission System Performance
head due to contents.
Verification
1.4 This practice does not specify a time interval between
3
2.2 SPI/CARP Standards:
examinations for re-qualification of a pressure container.
Recommended Practice for Acoustic Emission Testing of
1.5 This practice is used to determine if a container is
Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic Resin (FRP) Tanks/Vessels
suitable for service or if follow-up NDT is needed before that
Recommended Practice for Acoustic Emission Testing of
determination can be made.
Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic Piping Systems
1.6 Containersthatoperatewithavacuumarenotwithinthe
4
2.3 ANSI/ASNT Standards:
scope of this practice.
SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualifi-
1.7 Repair procedures are not within the scope of this
cation and Certification in Nondestructive Testing
practice.
ANSI/ASNT CP-189 Standard for Qualification and Certi-
1.8 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
fication of NDT Personnel
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
2.4 AIA Standard:
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
NAS-410 Nondestructive Testing Personnel Qualification
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
5
and Certification
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
2.5 ASME Standard:
with the standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
1 3
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde- Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.04 on 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
4
Acoustic Emission Method. AvailablefromAmericanSocietyforNondestructiveTesting(ASNT),P.O.Box
Current edition approved July 1, 2007. Published July 2007. Originally approved 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
5
in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E1888/E1888M - 02. DOI: Available fromAerospace IndustriesAssociation ofAmerica, Inc. (AIA), 1000
10.1520/E1888_E1888M-07. WilsonBlvd.,Suite1700,Arlington,VA22209-3928,http://www.aia-aerospace.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1888/E1888M – 07
FIG. 1 Recommended Features of the Apparatus
6
Section V, Article 11, Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code cracks, fiber fracture, delamination). Others may produce AE
but have no structural significance
...

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5.1 The AE examination method detects damage in FRP equipment. The damage mechanisms that are detected in FRP are as follows: resin cracking, fiber debonding, fiber pullout, fiber breakage, delamination, and bond failure in assembled joints (for example, nozzles, manways, and so forth). Flaws in unstressed areas and flaws that are structurally insignificant will not generate AE.  
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1.1 This practice covers acoustic emission (AE) examination or monitoring of fiberglass-reinforced plastic (FRP) tanks-vessels (equipment) under pressure or vacuum to determine structural integrity.  
1.2 This practice is limited to tanks-vessels designed to operate at an internal pressure no greater than 1.73 MPa absolute [250 psia, 17.3 bar] above the static pressure due to the internal contents. It is also applicable for tanks-vessels designed for vacuum service with differential pressure levels between 0 and 0.10 MPa [0 and 14.5 psi, 1 bar].  
1.3 This practice is limited to tanks-vessels with glass contents greater than 15 % by weight.  
1.4 This practice applies to examinations of new and in-service equipment.  
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1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice does not rely on absolute quantities of AE parameters. It relies on trends of cumulative AE counts that are measured during a specified sequence of loading cycles. This practice includes an example of examination settings and acceptance criteria as a nonmandatory appendix.  
FIG. 1 Recommended Features of the Apparatus  
4.2 Acoustic emission (AE) counts were used as a measure of AE activity during development of this practice. Cumulative hit duration may be used instead of cumulative counts if a correlation between the two is determined. Several processes can occur within the structure under examination. Some may indicate unacceptable flaws (for example, growing resin cracks, fiber fracture, delamination). Others may produce AE but have no structural significance (for example, rubbing at interfaces). The methodology described in this practice prevents contamination of structurally significant data with emission from insignificant sources.  
4.3 Background Noise—Background noise can distort interpretations of AE data and can preclude completion of an examination. Examination personnel should be aware of sources of background noise at the time examinations are conducted. AE examinations should not be conducted until such noise is substantially eliminated.  
4.4 Mechanical Background Noise—Mechanical background noise is generally induced by structural contact with the container under examination. Examples are: personnel contact, wind borne sand or rain. Also, leaks at pipe connections may produce background noise.  
4.5 Electronic Noise—Electronic noise such as electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI) can be caused by electric motors, overhead cranes, electrical storms, welders, etc.  
4.6 Airborne Background Noise—Airborne background noise can be produced by gas leaks in nearby equipment.  
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1.1 This practice covers guidelines for acoustic emission (AE) examinations of pressurized containers made of fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) with balsa cores. Containers of this type are commonly used on tank trailers for the transport of hazardous chemicals.  
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1.3 This practice is limited to containers that are designed for less than 0.520 MPa [75.4 psi] (gage) above static pressure head due to contents.  
1.4 This practice does not specify a time interval between examinations for re-qualification of a pressure container.  
1.5 This practice is used to determine if a container is suitable for service or if follow-up NDT is needed before that determination can be made.  
1.6 Containers that operate with a vacuum are not within the scope of this practice.  
1.7 Repair procedures are not within the scope of this practice.  
1.8 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
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1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance w...

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1.4 The results obtained using this guide can be used directly to predict certain facets of oil spill behavior or as input to oil spill models.  
1.5 The accuracy of the guide depends very much on the representative nature of the oil sample used. Certain oils can have different properties depending on their chemical contents at the moment a sample is taken.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    4 pages
    English language
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  • Guide
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off