ASTM D3176-15(2023)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Ultimate Analysis of Coal and Coke
Standard Practice for Ultimate Analysis of Coal and Coke
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Summarizing the ash content and the content of the organic constituents in a specific format under the heading, Ultimate Analysis, provides a convenient and uniform system for comparing coals or cokes. This tabulation used with that of Proximate Analysis (Practice D3172) permits cursory valuation of coals for use as fuel or in other carbonaceous processes and of cokes for metallurgical purpose.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the term ultimate analysis as it is applied to the analysis of coal and coke. The information derived is intended for the general utilization by applicable industries, to provide the basis for evaluation, beneficiation, or for other purposes.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 All percentages are percent mass fractions.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3176 − 15 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Practice for
Ultimate Analysis of Coal and Coke
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3176; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3174 Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal
and Coke from Coal
1.1 This practice covers the term ultimate analysis as it is
D3302 Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal
applied to the analysis of coal and coke. The information
D4239 Test Method for Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of
derived is intended for the general utilization by applicable
Coal and Coke Using High-Temperature Tube Furnace
industries, to provide the basis for evaluation, beneficiation, or
Combustion
for other purposes.
D4596 Practice for Collection of Channel Samples of Coal
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
in a Mine
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D5192 Practice for Collection of Coal Samples from Core
standard.
D5373 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Hydro-
1.2.1 All percentages are percent mass fractions.
gen and Nitrogen in Analysis Samples of Coal and Carbon
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the in Analysis Samples of Coal and Coke
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D6609 Guide for Part-Stream Sampling of Coal
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- D6883 Practice for Manual Sampling of Stationary Coal
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
from Railroad Cars, Barges, Trucks, or Stockpiles
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. D7430 Practice for Mechanical Sampling of Coal
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
D7582 Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of Coal and
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- Coke by Macro Thermogravimetric Analysis
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3. Terminology
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1 Definitions:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.1 ultimate analysis—in the case of coal and coke, the
determination of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur in the
2. Referenced Documents
material, as found in the gaseous products of its complete
2.1 ASTM Standards:
combustion, the determination of ash in the material as a
D346 Practice for Collection and Preparation of Coke
whole, and the calculation of oxygen by difference.
Samples for Laboratory Analysis
NOTE 1—Moisture is not by definition a part of the ultimate analysis of
D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
coal or coke but must be determined in order that analytical data may be
D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample
converted to bases other than that of the analysis sample.
of Coal
NOTE 2—Inasmuch as some coals contain mineral carbonates, and
D3172 Practice for Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke
practically all contain clay or shale containing combined water, a part of
D3173 Test Method for Moisture in the Analysis Sample of the carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen found in the products of combustion
may arise from these mineral components.
Coal and Coke
4. Significance and Use
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal and
Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.21 on Methods of
4.1 Summarizing the ash content and the content of the
Analysis.
organic constituents in a specific format under the heading,
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2023. Published December 2023. Originally
Ultimate Analysis, provides a convenient and uniform system
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D3176 – 15. DOI:
10.1520/D3176-15R23.
for comparing coals or cokes. This tabulation used with that of
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Proximate Analysis (Practice D3172) permits cursory valuation
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
of coals for use as fuel or in other carbonaceous processes and
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. of cokes for metallurgical purpose.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3176 − 15 (2023)
5. General Requirements values reported on other moisture-containing bases may be
reported either as containing or as not containing the hydrogen
5.1 Coal sample collection shall be in accordance with any
and oxygen in water (moisture) reported on that basis. Alter-
of the following Guides or Practices as appropriate: D7430,
native conversion procedures are shown in Table 1.
D2234/D2234M, D6609, D4596, D5192, and D6883.
7.5 An example of ultimate analysis data tabulated for a
5.2 For coal, sample preparations shall be in accordance
hypothetical coal on various bases is given in Table 2.
with Practices D2013 or D7430. The analysis sample shall be
the material pulverized to pass a 250 μm (No. 60) sieve in
accordance with Practice D2013.
5.3 Coke sampling and preparation shall be in accordance
with Practice D346.
6. Specific Requirements
6.1 Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen—The carbon,
hydrogen, and nitrogen determination shall be made in accor-
dance with Test Method D5373.
6.2 Sulfur—The sulfur determination shall be made in
accordance with Test Methods D4239.
6.3 Ash—The ash determination shall be made in accor-
dance with Test Methods D3174 or D7582.
6.4 Oxygen—There being no satisfactory direct ASTM test
method for determining oxygen, it shall be calculated by
subtracting from 100 the sum of the other components of the
ultimate analysis. The result so obtained is af
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3176 − 15 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Practice for
Ultimate Analysis of Coal and Coke
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3176; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3174 Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal
and Coke from Coal
1.1 This practice covers the term ultimate analysis as it is
D3302 Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal
applied to the analysis of coal and coke. The information
D4239 Test Method for Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of
derived is intended for the general utilization by applicable
Coal and Coke Using High-Temperature Tube Furnace
industries, to provide the basis for evaluation, beneficiation, or
Combustion
for other purposes.
D4596 Practice for Collection of Channel Samples of Coal
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
in a Mine
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D5192 Practice for Collection of Coal Samples from Core
standard.
D5373 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Hydro-
1.2.1 All percentages are percent mass fractions.
gen and Nitrogen in Analysis Samples of Coal and Carbon
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
in Analysis Samples of Coal and Coke
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the D6609 Guide for Part-Stream Sampling of Coal
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D6883 Practice for Manual Sampling of Stationary Coal
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- from Railroad Cars, Barges, Trucks, or Stockpiles
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D7430 Practice for Mechanical Sampling of Coal
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- D7582 Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of Coal and
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Coke by Macro Thermogravimetric Analysis
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 3. Terminology
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1 Definitions:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.1 ultimate analysis—in the case of coal and coke, the
determination of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur in the
2. Referenced Documents
material, as found in the gaseous products of its complete
2.1 ASTM Standards:
combustion, the determination of ash in the material as a
D346 Practice for Collection and Preparation of Coke
whole, and the calculation of oxygen by difference.
Samples for Laboratory Analysis
NOTE 1—Moisture is not by definition a part of the ultimate analysis of
D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
coal or coke but must be determined in order that analytical data may be
D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample
converted to bases other than that of the analysis sample.
of Coal
NOTE 2—Inasmuch as some coals contain mineral carbonates, and
D3172 Practice for Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke
practically all contain clay or shale containing combined water, a part of
D3173 Test Method for Moisture in the Analysis Sample of the carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen found in the products of combustion
may arise from these mineral components.
Coal and Coke
4. Significance and Use
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal and
Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.21 on Methods of
4.1 Summarizing the ash content and the content of the
Analysis.
organic constituents in a specific format under the heading,
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2023. Published December 2023. Originally
Ultimate Analysis, provides a convenient and uniform system
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D3176 – 15. DOI:
10.1520/D3176-15R23.
for comparing coals or cokes. This tabulation used with that of
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Proximate Analysis (Practice D3172) permits cursory valuation
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
of coals for use as fuel or in other carbonaceous processes and
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. of cokes for metallurgical purpose.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3176 − 15 (2023)
5. General Requirements values reported on other moisture-containing bases may be
reported either as containing or as not containing the hydrogen
5.1 Coal sample collection shall be in accordance with any
and oxygen in water (moisture) reported on that basis. Alter-
of the following Guides or Practices as appropriate: D7430,
native conversion procedures are shown in Table 1.
D2234/D2234M, D6609, D4596, D5192, and D6883.
7.5 An example of ultimate analysis data tabulated for a
5.2 For coal, sample preparations shall be in accordance
hypothetical coal on various bases is given in Table 2.
with Practices D2013 or D7430. The analysis sample shall be
the material pulverized to pass a 250 µm (No. 60) sieve in
accordance with Practice D2013.
5.3 Coke sampling and preparation shall be in accordance
with Practice D346.
6. Specific Requirements
6.1 Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen—The carbon,
hydrogen, and nitrogen determination shall be made in accor-
dance with Test Method D5373.
6.2 Sulfur—The sulfur determination shall be made in
accordance with Test Methods D4239.
6.3 Ash—The ash determination shall be made in accor-
dance with Test Methods D3174 or D7582.
6.4 Oxygen—There being no satisfactory direct ASTM test
method for determining oxygen, it shall be calculated by
subtracting from 100 the sum of the other components of the
ultimate analysis. The result so obtained is affected by errors
incurred in the other determinations of the ultimate analysi
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3176 − 15 D3176 − 15 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Practice for
Ultimate Analysis of Coal and Coke
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3176; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the term ultimate analysis as it is applied to the analysis of coal and coke. The information derived is
intended for the general utilization by applicable industries, to provide the basis for evaluation, beneficiation, or for other purposes.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 All percentages are percent mass fractions.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D346 Practice for Collection and Preparation of Coke Samples for Laboratory Analysis
D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample of Coal
D3172 Practice for Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke
D3173 Test Method for Moisture in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
D3174 Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke from Coal
D3302 Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal
D4239 Test Method for Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke Using High-Temperature Tube Furnace Combustion
D4596 Practice for Collection of Channel Samples of Coal in a Mine
D5192 Practice for Collection of Coal Samples from Core
D5373 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Hydrogen and Nitrogen in Analysis Samples of Coal and Carbon in Analysis
Samples of Coal and Coke
D6609 Guide for Part-Stream Sampling of Coal
D6883 Practice for Manual Sampling of Stationary Coal from Railroad Cars, Barges, Trucks, or Stockpiles
D7430 Practice for Mechanical Sampling of Coal
D7582 Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke by Macro Thermogravimetric Analysis
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal and Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.21 on Methods of Analysis.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2015Dec. 1, 2023. Published January 2015December 2023. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 20092015
as D3176D3176 – 15.–09. DOI: 10.1520/D3176-15.10.1520/D3176-15R23.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3176 − 15 (2023)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 ultimate analysis—in the case of coal and coke, the determination of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur in the material,
as found in the gaseous products of its complete combustion, the determination of ash in the material as a whole, and the
calculation of oxygen by difference.
NOTE 1—Moisture is not by definition a part of the ultimate analysis of coal or coke but must be determined in order that analytical data may be converted
to bases other than that of the analysis sample.
NOTE 2—Inasmuch as some coals contain mineral carbonates, and practically all contain clay or shale containing combined water, a part of the carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen found in the products of combustion may arise from these mineral components.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Summarizing the ash content and the content of the organic constituents in a specific format under the heading, Ultimate
Analysis, provides a convenient and uniform system for comparing coals or cokes. This tabulation used with that of Proximate
Analysis (Practice D3172) permits cursory valuation of coals for use as fuel or in other carbonaceous processes and of cokes for
metallurgical purpose.
5. General Requirements
5.1 Coal sample collection shall be in accordance with any of the following Guides or Practices as appropriate: D7430,
D2234/D2234M, D6609, D4596, D5192, and D6883.
5.2 For coal, sample preparations shall be in accordance with Practices D2013 or D7430. The analysis sample shall be the material
pulverized to pass a 250 μm (No. 60) sieve in accordance with Practice D2013.
5.3 Coke sampling and preparation shall be in accordance with Practice D346.
6. Specific Requirements
6.1 Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen—The carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen determination shall be made in accordance with Test
Method D5373.
6.2 Sulfur—The sulfur determination shall be made in accordance with Test Methods D4239.
6.3 Ash—The ash determination shall be made in accordance with Test Methods D3174 or D7582.
6.4 Oxygen—There being no satisfactory direct ASTM test method for determining oxygen, it shall be calculated by subtracting
from 100 the sum of the other components of the ultimate analysis. The result so obtained is affected by errors incurred in the other
determinations of the ultimate analysis and also by the changes in weight of the ash-forming constituents on ignition. By definition,
oxygen calculated as a weight percentage of the analysis sample according to this procedure does not include
...
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