ASTM D2983-02a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Lubricants Measured by Brookfield Viscometer
Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Lubricants Measured by Brookfield Viscometer
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the use of the Brookfield viscometer and a low-temperature bath for the determination of the low-shear-rate viscosity of lubricants. The test may operate in the viscosity range of 500 to 1 000 000 mPa·s (cP). The bath-controlled temperature is selected within the range of +5° to -40°C.
1.2 The test method uses the SI unit, milliPascal-second (mPa·s), as the unit of viscosity. (1 cP = 1 mPa·s).
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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An American National Standard
Designation: D 2983 – 02a
Standard Test Method for
Low-Temperature Viscosity of Lubricants Measured by
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Brookfield Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2983; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
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1. Scope * 3.1.2 reference viscosity —the viscosity of a Newtonian
standard reference fluid specified at each of several user-
1.1 This test method describes the use of the Brookfield
specified temperatures. Reference viscosities of typical stan-
viscometer and a low-temperature bath for the determination of
dard reference fluids are listed in Appendix X2.
the low-shear-rate viscosity of lubricants. The test may operate
in the viscosity range of 500 to 1 000 000 mPa·s (cP). The
4. Summary of Test Method
bath-controlled temperature is selected within the range of +5°
4.1 A lubricant fluid sample is preheated, allowed to stabi-
to –40°C.
lize at room temperature, and then poured into a glass cell with
1.2 The test method uses the SI unit, milliPascal-second
a special spindle. The glass cell is then placed into a pre-cooled
(mPa·s), as the unit of viscosity. (1 cP = 1 mPa·s).
cold cabinet set at a predetermined test temperature between +5
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
to –40°C for 16 h. Then a viscometer is utilized that rotates the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
specified spindle within the sample at the speed giving a
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
maximum torque reading on the viscometer. The resulting
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
torque reading is used to calculate the viscosity of the oil.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 The low-temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity of gear
2.1 ASTM Standards:
oils, automatic transmission fluids, torque and tractor fluids,
D 341 Standard Viscosity-Temperature Charts for Liquid
2 and industrial and automotive hydraulic oils, Annex A4, are of
Petroleum Products
considerable importance to the proper operation of many
2.2 European Procedure:
3 mechanical devices. Measurement of the viscometric proper-
CEC L18-A-80
ties of these oils and fluids are often used to specify their
3. Terminology acceptability. This test method is used in a number of specifi-
cations.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
5.2 This test method describes how to measure apparent
3.1.1 apparent viscosity—the dynamic viscosity determined
viscosity directly without the errors associated with either
by this test method. Apparent viscosity may vary with the
interpolation or extrapolation of experimental data.
spindle speed (shear rate) of the Brookfield viscometer if the
lubricant is non-Newtonian at low temperatures. See Appendix
NOTE 1—Viscosity values obtained by either interpolation or extrapo-
X1 for a brief explanation. lation are subject to errors caused by gelation or non-Newtonian response
to rotor speed, or both. Only in the case of known Newtonian oils is
interpolation acceptable for the purpose of calibrating the rotor and glass
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
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Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee The sole source of supply of the Standard Newtonian Brookfield viscosity
D02.07 on Flow Properties. reference fluids known to the committee at this time is Cannon Instrument Co., Post
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2002. Published September 2002. Originally Office Box 16, State College, PA 16801. If you are aware of alternative suppliers,
published as D 2983–71T. Last previous edition D 2983–02. please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your com-
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01. ments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical
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Available from CEC, Mandou Plaza-25th Floor, B-1210 Brussells, Belgium. committee , which you may attend.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 2983 – 02a
cell. If such viscosity versus temperature plots are requ
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