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ASTM E1465-08

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Radon Control Options for the Design and Construction of New Low-Rise Residential Buildings

Standard Practice for Radon Control Options for the Design and Construction of New Low-Rise Residential Buildings

ABSTRACT
This practice provides the design details and construction methods for two built-in soil depressurization radon control and reduction systems appropriate for use in new low-rise residential buildings. Depending on the configuration of the radon vent stack installed, the radon system's operation may have a pipe route appropriate for a fan-powered radon reduction system, or have a more efficient pipe route appropriate for passively operated radon reduction systems. This practice covers special features for soil depressurization radon reduction systems including (1) slab-on-grade, basement and crawlspace foundation types with cast concrete slab and membrane ground covers, (2) sub-slab and submembrane gas-permeable layers and their drainage, (3) radon system piping, (4) radon discharge separation from openings into occupiable space, (5) radon fan installation, (6) electrical requirements, (7) radon system monitor installation, (8) labeling, (9) radon testing, and (10) system documentation.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Fan-powered radon reduction systems built into new residential buildings according to this practice are likely to reduce elevated indoor radon levels, where soil-gas is the source of radon, to below 2.0 picocuries per litre (pCi/L) (75 becquerels of radon per cubic metre (Bq/m3)) in occupiable spaces. Passive radon reduction systems do not always reduce such indoor radon concentrations to below 2.0 picocuries per litre (pCi/L) (75 becquerels of radon per cubic metre (Bq/m3)) in occupiable spaces. When a passive system, built according to this practice, does not achieve acceptable radon concentrations, that system should be converted to fan-powered operation to significantly improve its performance. Exceptions—New residential buildings built on expansive soil and karst may require additional measures, not included in this practice, to achieve acceptable radon reduction. Consider consulting with a soil/geotechnical specialist, a qualified foundation structural engineer and contacting the state’s radon in air specialist for up-to-date information about construction methods. Names of your state radon specialist are available from the U.S. EPA website (http://www.epa.gov/radon).
Note 1—Residences using private wells can have elevated indoor radon concentrations due to radon that out-gasses from the water used indoors, like water used to shower (7). Consider contacting your state’s radon specialist for up-to-date information on available methods for removing radon from private well water.  
All soil depressurization radon reduction methods require a gas-permeable layer which can be depressurized. The gas-permeable layer is positioned under the building’s sealed ground cover. In the case of the active soil depressurization system, a radon fan pulls air up the vent stack to depressurize the gas-permeable layer. In the case of a passive soil depressurization system, when air in the vent stack is warmer than that outdoors, the warmer air rises in the stack causing the gas...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the design and construction of two radon control options for use in new low-rise residential buildings. These unobtrusive (built-in) soil depressurization options are installed with a pipe route appropriate for their intended initial mode of operation, that is, fan-powered or passive. One of these pipe routes should be installed during a residential building’s initial construction. Specifications for the critical gas-permeable layer, the radon system’s piping, and radon entry pathway reduction are comprehensive and common to both pipe routes.
1.1.1 The first option has a pipe route appropriate for a fan-powered radon reduction system. The radon fan should be installed after (1) an initial radon test result reveals unacceptable radon concentrations and therefore a need for an operating radon fan, or (2) the owner has specified an operating radon fan, as well as acceptable radon test results before occ...

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
29-Feb-2008
ICS
91.040.30 - Residential buildings
Technical Committee
E06 - Performance of Buildings
Drafting Committee
E06.41 - Air Leakage and Ventilation Performance
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E1465-07a - Standard Practice for Radon Control Options for the Design and Construction of New Low-Rise Residential Buildings
Effective Date
01-Mar-2008
Replaced By
ASTM E1465-08a - Standard Practice for Radon Control Options for the Design and Construction of New Low-Rise Residential Buildings (Withdrawn 2017)
Effective Date
01-Dec-2008
Referred By
ASTM E2121-21 - Standard Practice for Installing Radon Mitigation Systems in Existing Low-Rise Residential Buildings
Effective Date
01-Mar-2008

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ASTM E1465-08 - Standard Practice for Radon Control Options for the Design and Construction of New Low-Rise Residential BuildingsASTM E1465-08 - Standard Practice for Radon Control Options for the Design and Construction of New Low-Rise Residential Buildings
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REDLINE ASTM E1465-08 - Standard Practice for Radon Control Options for the Design and Construction of New Low-Rise Residential BuildingsREDLINE ASTM E1465-08 - Standard Practice for Radon Control Options for the Design and Construction of New Low-Rise Residential Buildings
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E 1465 – 08
Standard Practice for
Radon Control Options for the Design and Construction of
1
New Low-Rise Residential Buildings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1465; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.2.2 The option using the pipe route for passive operation
is intended for builders and their customers who want unob-
1.1 This practice covers the design and construction of two
trusive built-in radon reduction with the lowest possible
radon control options for use in new low-rise residential
operating cost, and documented evidence of acceptable radon
buildings. These unobtrusive (built-in) soil depressurization
system performance before occupancy. If a passive system’s
options are installed with a pipe route appropriate for their
radon reduction is unacceptable, its performance can be sig-
intended initial mode of operation, that is, fan-powered or
nificantly increased by converting it to fan-powered operation.
passive. One of these pipe routes should be installed during a
1.3 Fan-powered, soil depressurization, radon-reduction
residential building’s initial construction. Specifications for the
techniques, such as those specified in this practice, have been
critical gas-permeable layer, the radon system’s piping, and
used successfully for slab-on-grade, basement, and crawlspace
radon entry pathway reduction are comprehensive and com-
foundations throughout the world.
mon to both pipe routes.
1.4 Radoninairtestingisusedtoassuretheeffectivenessof
1.1.1 The first option has a pipe route appropriate for a
these soil depressurization radon systems. The U.S. national
fan-powered radon reduction system. The radon fan should be
goal for indoor radon concentration, established by the U.S.
installed after (1) an initial radon test result reveals unaccept-
Congress in the 1988 Indoor Radon Abatement Act, is to
ableradonconcentrationsandthereforeaneedforanoperating
reduce indoor radon as close to the levels of outside air as is
radon fan, or (2) the owner has specified an operating radon
practicable. The radon concentration in outside air is assumed
fan, as well as acceptable radon test results before occupancy.
to be 0.4 picocuries per litre (pCi/l) (15 Becquerels per cubic
Fanoperatedsoildepressurizationradonsystemsreduceindoor
3
metre (Bq/m )); the U.S.’s average radon concentration in
radon concentrations up to 99 %.
3
indoor air is 1.3 pCi/L (50 Bq/m ). The goal of this practice is
1.1.2 The second option has a more efficient pipe route
to make available new residential buildings with indoor radon
appropriate for passively operated radon reduction systems.
3
concentrations below 2.0 pCi/L (75 Bq/m ) in occupiable
Passively operated radon reduction systems provide radon
spaces.
reductions of up to 50 %. When the radon test results for a
1.5 This practice is intended to assist owners, designers,
building with an operating passive system are not acceptable,
builders, building officials and others who design, manage, and
that system should be converted to fan-powered operation.
inspect radon systems and their construction for new low-rise
Radon systems with pipe routes installed for passive operation
residential buildings.
can be converted easily to fan-powered operation; such fan
1.6 This practice can be used as a model set of practices,
operated systems reduce indoor radon concentrations up to
which can be adopted or modified by state and local jurisdic-
99 %.
tions,tofulfillobjectivesoftheirresidentialbuildingcodesand
1.2 The options provide different benefits:
regulations.Thispracticealsocanbeusedasareferenceforthe
1.2.1 The option using the pipe route for fan-powered
federal, state, and local health officials and radiation protection
operation is intended for builders with customers who want
agencies.
maximum unobtrusive built-in radon reduction and docu-
1.7 The new dwelling units covered by this practice have
mented evidence of an effective radon reduction system before
never been occupied. Radon reduction for existing low rise
a residential building is occupied. Radon systems with fan-
residential buildings is covered by Practice E 2121, or by state
powered type pipe routes allow the greatest architectural
and local building codes and radiation protection regulations.
freedom for vent stack routing and fan location.
1.8 Fan-powered soil depressurization, the principal strat-
egy described in this practice, offers the most effective and
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Perfor-
most reliable radon reduction of all current
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E1465–07a Designation: E 1465 – 08
Standard Practice for
Radon Control Options for the Design and Construction of
1
New Low-Rise Residential Buildings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1465; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the design and construction of two radon control options for use in new low-rise residential buildings.
These unobtrusive (built-in) soil depressurization options are installed with a pipe route appropriate for their intended initial mode
of operation, that is, fan-powered or passive. One of these pipe routes should be installed during a residential building’s initial
construction. Specifications for the critical gas-permeable layer, the radon system’s piping, and radon entry pathway reduction are
comprehensive and common to both pipe routes.
1.1.1 The first option has a pipe route appropriate for a fan-powered radon reduction system. The radon fan should be installed
after (1) an initial radon test result reveals unacceptable radon concentrations and therefore a need for an operating radon fan, or
(2) the owner has specified an operating radon fan, as well as acceptable radon test results before occupancy. Fan operated soil
depressurization radon systems reduce indoor radon concentrations up to 99 %.
1.1.2 The second option has a more efficient pipe route appropriate for passively operated radon reduction systems. Passively
operated radon reduction systems provide radon reductions of up to 50 %. When the radon test results for a building with an
operating passive system are not acceptable, that system should be converted to fan-powered operation. Radon systems with pipe
routes installed for passive operation can be converted easily to fan-powered operation; such fan operated systems reduce indoor
radon concentrations up to 99 %.
1.2 The options provide different benefits:
1.2.1 The option using the pipe route for fan-powered operation is intended for builders with customers who want maximum
unobtrusive built-in radon reduction and documented evidence of an effective radon reduction system before a residential building
is occupied. Radon systems with fan-powered type pipe routes allow the greatest architectural freedom for vent stack routing and
fan location.
1.2.2 The option using the pipe route for passive operation is intended for builders and their customers who want unobtrusive
built-inradonreductionwiththelowestpossibleoperatingcost,anddocumentedevidenceofacceptableradonsystemperformance
before occupancy. If a passive system’s radon reduction is unacceptable, its performance can be significantly increased by
converting it to fan-powered operation.
1.3 Fan-powered, soil depressurization, radon-reduction techniques, such as those specified in this practice, have been used
successfully for slab-on-grade, basement, and crawlspace foundations throughout the world.
1.4 Radon in air testing is used to assure the effectiveness of these soil depressurization radon systems. The U.S. national goal
for indoor radon concentration, established by the U.S. Congress in the 1988 Indoor Radon Abatement Act, is to reduce indoor
radon as close to the levels of outside air as is practicable. The radon concentration in outside air is assumed to be 0.4 picocuries
3
per litre (pCi/l) (15 Becquerels per cubic metre (Bq/m )); the U.S.’s average radon concentration in indoor air is 1.3 pCi/L (50
3
Bq/m ). The goal of this practice is to make available new residential buildings with indoor radon concentrations below 2.0 pCi/L
3
(75 Bq/m ) in occupiable spaces.
1.5 This practice is intended to assist owners, designers, builders, building officials and others who design, manage, and inspect
radon systems and their construction for new low-rise residential buildings.
1.6 This practice can be used as a model set of practices, which can be adopted or modified by state and local jurisdictions, to
fulfill objectives of their residential building codes and regulations. This practice also can be used as a reference for the federal,
state, and local health officials and radiation protection agencies.
1.7 The new dwelling units covered by this practice have never been occupied. Radon reduction for existing low rise residential
buildings is covered by Practice E 2121,
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method can be used to determine whether the amount of draindown measured for a given asphalt mixture is within specified acceptable levels. The test provides an evaluation of the draindown potential of an asphalt mixture during mixture design and/or during field production. This test is primarily used for mixtures with high coarse aggregate content such as porous asphalt (open-graded friction course) and stone matrix asphalt (SMA).
Note 1: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of draindown in an uncompacted asphalt mixture sample when the sample is held at elevated temperatures comparable to those encountered during the production, storage, transport, and placement of the mixture. The test is particularly applicable to mixtures such as porous asphalt (open-graded friction course) and stone matrix asphalt (SMA).  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D545-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Preformed Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient Types)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The compression resistance perpendicular to the faces, the resistance to the extrusion during compression, and the ability to recover after release of the load are indicative of a joint filler's ability to continuously fill a concrete expansion joint and thereby prevent damage that might otherwise occur during thermal expansion. The asphalt content is a measure of the fiber-type joint filler's durability and life expectancy. In the case of cork-type fillers, the resistance to water absorption and resistance to boiling hydrochloric acid are relative measures of durability and life expectancy.
Note 2: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the physical properties associated with preformed expansion joint fillers. The test methods include:    
Property  
Section  
Expansion in Boiling Water  
7.1  
Recovery and Compression  
7.2  
Extrusion  
7.3  
Boiling in Hydrochloric Acid  
7.4  
Asphalt Content  
7.5  
Water Absorption  
7.6  
Density  
7.7
Note 1: Specific test methods are applicable only to certain types of joint fillers, as stated herein.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D517-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Asphalt Plank

ABSTRACT
This specification covers asphalt plank used for bridge decks as well as for industrial floors. Asphalt planks shall be classified according to usage: Type Ia; Type Ib; and Type II. Asphalt plank shall be formed from a mixture of asphalt, fibers, modifiers, or a combination thereof, and mineral filler in such a manner as to produce a uniformly dense mass. The following test methods shall be intended to measure those attributes necessary to measure the ability of asphalt plank to provide a reasonably long and satisfactory service: absorption; brittleness; dimensions; and hardness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers asphalt plank used for bridge decks as well as for industrial floors.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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