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ASTM G114-07

(Practice)

Standard Practices for Evaluating the Age Resistance of Polymeric Materials Used in Oxygen Service

Standard Practices for Evaluating the Age Resistance of Polymeric Materials Used in Oxygen Service

SCOPE
1.1 These practices describe several procedures that are used to determine the age resistance of plastic, thermosetting, and elastomeric materials exposed to oxygen-containing media.
1.2 While this practice focuses on evaluating the age resistance of polymeric materials in oxygen-containing media prior to ignition and combustion testing, it also has relevance for evaluating the age resistance of metals.
1.3 These practices address both established procedures that have a foundation of experience and new procedures that have yet to be validated. The latter are included to promote research and later elaboration in this practice as methods of the former type.
1.4 The results of these practices may not give exact correlation with service performance since service conditions vary widely and may involve multiple factors.
1.5 Three procedures are described for evaluating the age resistance of polymeric materials depending on application and information sought.
1.5.1 Procedure A: Natural Aging This procedure is used to simulate the effect(s) of one or more service stressors on a materials oxygen resistance, and is suitable for evaluating materials that experience continuous or intermittent exposure to elevated temperature during service.
1.5.2 Procedure B: Accelerated Aging Comparative Oxygen Resistance This procedure is suitable for evaluating materials that are used in ambient temperature service, or at a temperature that is otherwise lower than the aging temperature, and is useful for developing oxygen compatibility rankings on a laboratory comparison basis.
1.5.3 Procedure C: Accelerated Aging Lifetime Prediction This procedure is used to determine the relationship between aging temperature and a fixed level of property change, thereby allowing predictions to be made about the effect of prolonged service on oxidative degradation.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard, however, all numerical values must also be cited in the systems in which they were actually measured.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 10.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Mar-2007
ICS
13.220.40 - Ignitability and burning behaviour of materials and products
71.100.20 - Gases for industrial application
Technical Committee
G04 - Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
Drafting Committee
G04.02 - Recommended Practices
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM G114-06 - Standard Practices for Evaluating the Age Resistance of Polymeric Materials Used in Oxygen Service
Effective Date
15-Mar-2007
Referred By
ASTM G126-16(2023) - Standard Terminology Relating to the Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
Effective Date
15-Mar-2007
Referred By
ASTM G145-08(2023) - Standard Guide for Studying Fire Incidents in Oxygen Systems
Effective Date
15-Mar-2007

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ASTM G114-07 - Standard Practices for Evaluating the Age Resistance of Polymeric Materials Used in Oxygen ServiceASTM G114-07 - Standard Practices for Evaluating the Age Resistance of Polymeric Materials Used in Oxygen Service
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ASTM G114-07 - Standard Practices for Evaluating the Age Resistance of Polymeric Materials Used in Oxygen Service
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: G114 − 07
StandardPractices for
Evaluating the Age Resistance of Polymeric Materials Used
1
in Oxygen Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G114; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope allowing predictions to be made about the effect of prolonged
service on oxidative degradation.
1.1 These practices describe several procedures that are
used to determine the age resistance of plastic, thermosetting, 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
and elastomeric materials exposed to oxygen-containing me- standard, however, all numerical values must also be cited in
dia. the systems in which they were actually measured.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1.2 While these practices focus on evaluating the age
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
resistance of polymeric materials in oxygen-containing media
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
prior to ignition and combustion testing, they also have
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
relevance for evaluating the age resistance of metals.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
1.3 Thesepracticesaddressbothestablishedproceduresthat
tionary statements are given in Section 10.
have a foundation of experience and new procedures that have
yet to be validated.The latter are included to promote research
2. Referenced Documents
and later elaboration in this practice as methods of the former
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
type.
D395Test Methods for Rubber Property—Compression Set
1.4 The results of these practices may not give exact
D412TestMethodsforVulcanizedRubberandThermoplas-
correlation with service performance since service conditions
tic Elastomers—Tension
vary widely and may involve multiple factors.
D638Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D1349Practice for Rubber—Standard Temperatures for
1.5 Three procedures are described for evaluating the age
Testing
resistanceofpolymericmaterialsdependingonapplicationand
D1708TestMethodforTensilePropertiesofPlasticsbyUse
information sought.
of Microtensile Specimens
1.5.1 Procedure A: Natural Aging—This procedure is used
D2240TestMethodforRubberProperty—DurometerHard-
to simulate the effect(s) of one or more service stressors on a
ness
material’s oxygen resistance, and is suitable for evaluating
D2512Test Method for Compatibility of Materials with
materials that experience continuous or intermittent exposure
Liquid Oxygen (Impact Sensitivity Threshold and Pass-
to elevated temperature during service.
Fail Techniques)
1.5.2 Procedure B: Accelerated Aging Comparative Oxygen
D2863Test Method for Measuring the Minimum Oxygen
Resistance—Thisprocedureissuitableforevaluatingmaterials
Concentration to Support Candle-Like Combustion of
that are used in ambient temperature service, or at a tempera-
Plastics (Oxygen Index)
ture that is otherwise lower than the aging temperature, and is
D3045Practice for Heat Aging of Plastics Without Load
useful for developing oxygen compatibility rankings on a
D4809Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid
laboratory comparison basis.
Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter (Precision
1.5.3 Procedure C: Accelerated Aging Lifetime Prediction—
Method)
This procedure is used to determine the relationship between
D5510Practice for Heat Aging of Oxidatively Degradable
agingtemperatureandafixedlevelofpropertychange,thereby
3
Plastics (Withdrawn 2010)
1 2
These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G04 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen EnrichedAtmospheres and is contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G04.02 on Recommended Practices. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved March 15, 2007. Published June 2007. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as G114–06. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/G0114-07. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G114 − 07
G63Guide for Evaluating Nonmetallic Materials for Oxy- pretingresultsbecauseinteractionsoccurringinservicemaybe
gen Service different than those simulated during aging.
G72Test
...

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Standard Practices for Evaluating the Age Resistance of Polymeric Materials Used in Oxygen Service

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5.1 This practice allows the user to evaluate the effect of service or accelerating aging on the oxygen resistance of polymeric materials used in oxygen service.  
5.2 The use of this practice presupposes that the properties used to evaluate the effect of aging can be shown to relate to the intended use of the material, and are also sensitive to the effect of aging.  
5.3 Polymeric materials will, in general, be more susceptible than metals to aging effects as evidenced by irreversible property loss. Such property loss may lead to catastrophic component failure, including a secondary fire, before primary ignition or combustion of the polymeric material occurs.  
5.4 Polymers aged in the presence of oxygen-containing media may undergo many types of reversible and irreversible physical and chemical property change. The severity of the aging conditions determines the extent and type of changes that take place. Polymers are not necessarily degraded by aging, but may be unchanged or improved. For example, aging may drive off volatile materials, thus raising the ignition temperature without compromising mechanical properties. However, aging under prolonged or severe conditions (for example, elevated oxygen concentration) will usually cause a decrease in mechanical performance, while improving resistance to ignition and combustion.  
5.5 Aging may result in reversible mass increase (physisorption), irreversible mass increase (chemisorption), plasticization, discoloration, loss of volatiles, embrittlement, softening due to sorption of volatiles, cracking, relief of molding stresses, increased crystallinity, dimensional change, advance of cure in thermosets and elastomers, chain scissioning, and crosslinking.  
5.6 After a period of service, a material’s properties may be significantly different from those when new. All materials rated for oxygen service should remain resistant to ignition and combustion (primary fire risk). Furthermore, all materials rated for oxygen s...
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1.2 While these practices focus on evaluating the age resistance of polymeric materials in oxygen-containing media prior to ignition and combustion testing, they also have relevance for evaluating the age resistance of metals, and nonmetallic oils and greases.  
1.3 These practices address both established procedures that have a foundation of experience and new procedures that have yet to be validated. The latter are included to promote research and later elaboration in this practice as methods of the former type.  
1.4 The results of these practices may not give exact correlation with service performance since service conditions vary widely and may involve multiple factors such as those listed in 5.8.  
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1.5.2 Procedure B: Accelerated Aging Comparative Oxygen Resistance—This procedure is suitable for evaluating materials that are used in ambient temperature service, or at a temperature that is otherwise lower than the aging temperature, and is useful for developing oxygen compatibility rankings on a laboratory comparison basis.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice allows the user to evaluate the effect of service or accelerating aging on the oxygen resistance of polymeric materials used in oxygen service.  
5.2 The use of this practice presupposes that the properties used to evaluate the effect of aging can be shown to relate to the intended use of the material, and are also sensitive to the effect of aging.  
5.3 Polymeric materials will, in general, be more susceptible than metals to aging effects as evidenced by irreversible property loss. Such property loss may lead to catastrophic component failure, including a secondary fire, before primary ignition or combustion of the polymeric material occurs.  
5.4 Polymers aged in the presence of oxygen-containing media may undergo many types of reversible and irreversible physical and chemical property change. The severity of the aging conditions determines the extent and type of changes that take place. Polymers are not necessarily degraded by aging, but may be unchanged or improved. For example, aging may drive off volatile materials, thus raising the ignition temperature without compromising mechanical properties. However, aging under prolonged or severe conditions (for example, elevated oxygen concentration) will usually cause a decrease in mechanical performance, while improving resistance to ignition and combustion.  
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1.3 These practices address both established procedures that have a foundation of experience and new procedures that have yet to be validated. The latter are included to promote research and later elaboration in this practice as methods of the former type.  
1.4 The results of these practices may not give exact correlation with service performance since service conditions vary widely and may involve multiple factors such as those listed in 5.8.  
1.5 Three procedures are described for evaluating the age resistance of polymeric materials depending on application and information sought.  
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1.5.2 Procedure B: Accelerated Aging Comparative Oxygen Resistance—This procedure is suitable for evaluating materials that are used in ambient temperature service, or at a temperature that is otherwise lower than the aging temperature, and is useful for developing oxygen compatibility rankings on a laboratory comparison basis.  
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