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ASTM D5796-99

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Thin Film Coil-Coated Systems by Destructive Means Using a Boring Device

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Thin Film Coil-Coated Systems by Destructive Means Using a Boring Device

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of dry film thickness (DFT) of coating films by microscopic observation of a precision-cut shallow-angle crater in the coating film.  
1.2 The substrate may be any rigid, metallic material, for example, cold-rolled steel, hot-dipped galvanized steel, aluminum, etc. The substrate should be planar.  Note-Variations in the surface profile of the substrate may result in nonrepresentative organic coating thickness readings. This condition may exist over substrates such as hot-dipped, coated steel sheet. This is true of all "precision cut" methods that are used to determine dry film thickness of organic coatings.
1.3 The range of thickness measurement is 0 to 3.5 mils (0 to 88 [mu]m).  
1.4 Measurements may be made on coil-coated sheet, certain formed products, or on test panels.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Dec-1999
ICS
17.040.20 - Properties of surfaces
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.53 - Coil Coated Metal
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D5796-03 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Thin Film Coil-Coated Systems by Destructive Means Using a Boring Device
Effective Date
10-May-2003
Referred By
ASTM D3794-22 - Standard Guide for Testing Coil Coatings
Effective Date
10-Dec-1999
Referred By
ASTM D7835/D7835M-19 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Solvent Resistance of an Organic Coating Using a Mechanical Rubbing Machine
Effective Date
10-Dec-1999
Referred By
ASTM D3361/D3361M-22 - Standard Practice for Unfiltered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of Paint and Related Coatings
Effective Date
10-Dec-1999
Referred By
ASTM D7893-13(2018) - Standard Guide for Corrosion Test Panel Preparation, Testing, and Rating of Coil-Coated Building Products
Effective Date
10-Dec-1999

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ASTM D5796-99 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Thin Film Coil-Coated Systems by Destructive Means Using a Boring DeviceASTM D5796-99 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Thin Film Coil-Coated Systems by Destructive Means Using a Boring Device
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ASTM D5796-99 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Thin Film Coil-Coated Systems by Destructive Means Using a Boring Device
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 5796 – 99
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Thin Film Coil-
Coated Systems by Destructive Means Using a Boring
Device
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5796; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope measurement as compared with nondestructive means.
3.2 Constituent coats of an overall thickness of a coating
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of dry film
system can usually be measured individually by this test
thickness (DFT) of coating films by microscopic observation of
method. (This can be difficult in cases where the primer and
a precision-cut shallow-angle crater in the coating film.
topcoat have the same, or very similar, appearance.)
1.2 The substrate may be any rigid, metallic material, for
example, cold-rolled steel, hot-dipped galvanized steel, alumi-
4. Apparatus
num, etc. The substrate should be planar.
4.1 Dry Film Thickness Device, is an apparatus consisting
NOTE 1—Variations in the surface profile of the substrate may result in
of a carbide-tipped boring device (drill) that is automated by a
nonrepresentative organic coating thickness readings. This condition may
lever that raises and lowers the boring tip perpendicular to the
exist over substrates such as hot-dipped, coated steel sheet. This is true of
surface to be tested, and a video imaging system, which is
all “precision cut” methods that are used to determine dry film thickness
attached to an illuminated microscope that views the crater
of organic coatings.
formed by the boring device.
1.3 The range of thickness measurement is 0 to 3.5 mils (0
4.2 Carbide Borer Bit, this configuration shall be designed
to 88 μm).
to provide a very smooth circular incision in the paint film at
1.4 Measurements may be made on coil-coated sheet, cer-
a precise angle to the surface (see Fig. 1).
tain formed products, or on test panels.
4.3 Video Camera, attached to an illuminated microscope,
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
conveys the image onto a closed-circuit television (CCTV)
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
monitor, so that it is an easy matter to line-up the cross hair on
information only.
the enlarged image. This very effectively minimizes any error
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
or lack of consistency on the part of the operator in lining-up
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the cross hair.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.4 The measurement is performed by first boring a
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
shallow-angle crater of known configuration through the coat-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ing(s) film into the substrate and then viewing the crater with
an illuminated microscope with a measuring reticle. The
2. Referenced Documents
verification of the instrument calibration is performed by
2.1 ASTM Standards:
taking measurements on a standard, which is traceable to a
D 3794 Guide for Testing Coil Coatings
National Standards Institution.
3. Significance and Use
3.1 Measurement of dry film thickness of organic coatings
by physically cutting through the film and optically observing The sole source of supply of the dry film thickness device known to the
committee at this time is DJH Designs, 2366 Wyecroft Rd., Unit D4, Oakville, Ont.,
and measuring the thickness offers the advantage of direct
Canada L6L 6M1. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this
information to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-
ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
1 5
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-1 on Paint The angle formed between the surface of the coating and the substrate is set by
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of the manufacturer at 5° 428 389 and the resulting crater is circular.
Subcommittee D01.53 on Coil Coated Metal. The sole souce of supply of the standard (silver-plated, copper substrate) known
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 1999. Published February 2000. Originally to the committee at this time is DJH Designs. If you are aware of alternative
published as D 5796 – 95. Last previous edition D 5796 – 95. suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments
For DFT measurements of films greater than 3.5 mils (88 μm), but less than 63 will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical
mils (1575 μm), a 45° borer may be purchased and used in accordance with this test committee, which you may attend. Another acceptable standard (copper and
method, with the exception of 6.8, where the micrometer reading would provide a chromium coating on steel, SRM 1357) may be obtained from NIST, Standard
direct read-out, and division by ten would be unnecessary. Reference Materials Program, Building 202, Room 204, Gaithersburg, Maryland
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.02. 20899.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 5796
immediately return it to its full rest position. Do not allow the
borer head to rest in the “down” position; raged edges or
smeared coating may result, rendering accurate film measure-
ment more difficult. Do not make a second stroke into the same
crater; do not allow the borer head to penetrate a previously
tested crater.
NOTE 1—u5 5° 428 389
6.7 Place the test panel on the measure stage, and locate the
Tan u5 A/B 5 0.1
crater on the monitor by moving the panel either with your
A 5 0.1B
hands, or with the two micrometers that control the movement
FIG. 1 Typical Crater Formed by Boring Device
of the stage.
6.8 Adjust the zoom lens to 4.5, re-center the crater, and
5. Test Specimens
focus. Align the cross hair in the center of the crater, and, using
5.1 If multiple coats of paint are to be measured, successive
the micrometer adjustments that control the vertical and
contiguous coats should be of contrasting colors to aid sharp
horizontal movement of the stage, move the cross hair to the
discrimination of interfaces (see 3.2).
inner edge of the paint film for which the film thickness needs
5.2 Generally, test specimens shall be prepared (as test
to be measured. Zero the micrometer. Then move the micro-
panels) o
...

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3.1 Measurement of dry film thickness of organic coatings by physically cutting through the film and optically observing and measuring the thickness offers the advantage of direct measurement as compared with nondestructive means.  
3.2 Constituent coating layers of an overall thickness of a coating system can usually be measured individually by this test method, provide adhesion between each layer is sufficient. (However, this can be difficult in cases where the primer, topcoat, or multiple coating layers have the same, or very similar, appearance.)
FIG. 1 Typical Crater Formed by Boring Device
Note 1: The drawing is not to scale. It is for illustration purposes only.
Note 2: θ = 5.710593°
Tan θ = A/B = 0.1
A = 0.1B
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1.1 This test method covers the measurement of dry film thickness (DFT) of coating films by microscopic observation of a precision-cut, shallow-angle crater bored into the coating film. This crater reveals cross sectional layers appearing as rings, whose width is proportional to the depth of the coating layer(s) and allows for direct calculation of dry film thickness.  
1.1.1 The Apparatus, Procedure, and Precision and Bias discussions include Method A and Method B. Method A involves the use of an optical measurement apparatus which is no longer commercially available, but remains a valid method of dry film measurement. Method B is a software driven measurement procedure that supersedes Method A.  
1.2 The substrate may be any rigid, metallic material, such as cold-rolled steel, hot-dipped galvanized steel, aluminum, etc. The substrate must be planar with the exception of substrates exhibiting “coil set,” which may be held level by the use of the clamping tool on the drilling device.
Note 1: Variations in the surface profile of the substrate may result in misrepresentative organic coating thickness readings. This condition may exist over substrates such as hot-dipped, coated steel sheet. This is true of all “precision cut” methods that are used to determine dry film thickness of organic coatings. This is why several measurements across the strip may be useful if substrate surface profile is suspect.  
1.3 The range of thickness measurement is 0 to 3.5 mils (0 to 89 μm).
Note 2: For DFT measurements of films greater than 3.5 mils (89μm), but less than 63 mils (1600 μm), a 45° borer may be used in accordance with this test method, with the exception of 6.8, where the micrometer reading would provide a direct read-out, and division by ten would be unnecessary per 4.3.1 Method A.  
1.4 Measurements may be made on coil-coated sheet, certain formed products, or on test panels.  
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5.1 This test procedure is used to simulate the physical and environmental stresses that a coating for exterior transportation applications (for example, automotive) is exposed to in a subtropical climate, such as southern Florida. It has been found that such a subtropical climate causes particularly severe deterioration of such coatings. The long water exposures and wet/dry cycling found in southern Florida are particularly important for this deterioration, in addition to the high dosage of solar radiation (3). This practice was developed to address the deficiencies of historical tests used for transportation coatings, especially automotive coatings (4).
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice specifies the operating procedures for a controlled irradiance xenon arc light and water apparatus. The procedure uses one or more lamp(s) and optical filter(s) to produce irradiance similar to sunlight in the UV and visible range. It also simulates the water absorption and stress cycles experienced by automotive exterior coatings under natural weathering conditions. This practice has also been found applicable to coatings on other transportation vehicles, such as aircraft, trucks and rail cars.  
1.2 This practice uses a xenon arc light source with specified optical filter(s). The spectral power distribution (SPD) for the lamp and special daylight filter(s) is as specified in Annex A1. The irradiance level used in this practice varies between 0.40 and 0.80 W/(m2·nm) at 340 nm. Water is sprayed on the specimens during portions of several dark steps. The application of water is such that the coatings will absorb and desorb substantial amounts of water during testing. In addition, the cycling between wet/dry and warm/cool will induce mechanical stresses into the materials. These test conditions are designed to simulate the physical and chemical stresses from environments in a subtropical climate, such as southern Florida.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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Standard Guide for Assessment of Surface Texture of Non-Porous Biomaterials in Two Dimensions

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4.1 The term “surface texture” is used to describe the local deviations of a surface from an ideal shape. Surface texture usually consists of long wavelength repetitive features that occur as results of chatter, vibration, or heat treatments during the manufacture of implants. Short wavelength features superimposed on the long wavelength features of the surface, which may arise from polishing or etching of the implant, are referred to as roughness.  
4.2 This guide provides an overview of techniques that are available for measuring the surface in terms of Cartesian coordinates and the parameters used to describe surface texture. It is important to appreciate that it is not possible to measure surface texture per se, but to derive values for parameters that can be used to describe it. ISO has published a series of standards on surface texture measurements that may be consulted for more information (ISO 3274, ISO 4287, ISO 4288, ISO 5436-2, ISO 10993-19, ISO 12179, ISO 13565-1, ISO 19606, ISO 21920-1, ISO 21920-2, ISO 21920-3, ISO 25178-1, ISO 25178-2, ISO 25178-3, ISO 25178-6, ISO 25178-70, ISO 25178-71, ISO 25178-72, ISO 25178-73, ISO 25178-600, ISO 25178-601, ISO 25178-602, ISO 25178-603, ISO 25178-604, ISO 25178-605, ISO 25178-606, ISO 25178-607, ISO 25178-700, ISO 25178-701).
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes some of the more common methods that are available for measuring the topographical features of a surface and provides an overview of the parameters that are used to quantify them. Being able to reliably derive a set of parameters that describe the texture of biomaterial surfaces is a key aspect in the manufacture of safe and effective implantable medical devices that have the potential to trigger an adverse biological reaction in situ.  
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1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7378-16(2024)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Measurement of Thickness of Applied Coating Powders to Predict Cured Thickness

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Many physical and appearance properties of the finished coating are affected by the film thickness. Film thickness can affect the color, gloss, surface profile, adhesion, flexibility, impact resistance and hardness of the coating. The fit of pieces assembled after coating can be affected when film thickness is not within tolerance. Therefore coatings must be applied within certain minimum and maximum film thickness specifications to optimize their intended use.  
5.2 All procedures involve taking measurements of applied coating powders in the pre-cured, pre-gelled state to help insure correct cured film thickness. This enables the application system to be set up and fine-tuned prior to the curing process. In turn, this will reduce the amount of scrap and over-spray. Accurate predictions help avoid stripping and re-coating which can cause problems with adhesion and coating integrity.  
5.3 Measurements of cured powder coating thickness can be made using different methods depending upon the substrate. Non-destructive measurements over metal substrates can be made with magnetic and eddy current coating thickness gauges (see Practice D7091). Non-destructive measurements over non-metal substrates can be made with ultrasonic coating thickness gauges (see Test Method D6132). Destructive measurements over rigid substrates can be made with cross-sectioning instruments (see Practices D4138).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the thickness measurement of dry coating powders applied to a variety of rigid substrates. Use of some of these procedures may require repair of the coating powder. This practice covers the use of portable instruments. It is intended to supplement the manufacturers’ instructions for their operation of the gauges and is not intended to replace them. It includes definitions of key terms, reference documents, the significance and use of the practice, and the advantages and limitations of the instruments.  
1.2 Three procedures are provided for measuring dry coating powder thickness:  
1.2.1 Procedure A—Using rigid metal notched (comb) gauges.  
1.2.2 Procedure B—Using magnetic or eddy current coating thickness gauges.  
1.2.3 Procedure C—Using non-contact ultrasonic powder thickness instruments.  
1.3 Coating powders generally diminish in thickness during the curing process. Some of these procedures therefore require a reduction factor be established to predict cured film thickness of powder coatings.  
1.4 Procedure A and Procedure B  
measure the thickness (height or depth) of the applied coating powders in the pre-cured, pre-gelled state. By comparing results to the measured cured powder thickness in the same location, a reduction factor can be determined and applied to future thickness measurements of the same coating powder.  
1.5 Procedure C  
results in a predicted thickness value of the cured state based on a calibration for typical coating powders. If the powder in question is not typical then an adjustment can be made to align gauge readings with the actual cured values as determined by other measurement methods.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D5235-18(2024)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Microscopic Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Coatings on Wood Products

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 As a base for calibration adjustment or accuracy verification of dry film coating thickness measuring instruments.  
5.2 The dry film thickness of coatings on wood or wood-based products is specified in written product warranties for proper decorative and protective performance of coatings on wood or wood-based products.  
5.3 The minimum and maximum dry film thickness of coatings is recommended by coating companies for satisfactory decorative and protective performance on wood or wood-based products.  
5.4 The average dry film thickness of coatings on wood or wood-based material may be used by manufacturing companies to estimate the theoretical cost of applied coatings.  
5.5 The ratio of minimum to maximum dry film thickness on textured products is used as an indication of coating uniformity.  
5.6 Specific coated product requirements may dictate certain film thickness determinations to be made. Agreement between buyer and seller may be advisable to accommodate product needs relative to dry film thickness.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of dry film thickness of coatings applied to a smooth, textured or curved rigid substrate of wood or a wood-based product.  
1.2 This test method covers the preparation of wood or wood-based specimens for the purpose of microscopic measurement of dry film thickness.  
1.3 This test method suggests an analysis of dry film thickness of coatings on wood or wood-based products using a microscopic measurement.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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