ASTM E2261-07
(Practice)Standard Practice for Examination of Welds Using the Alternating Current Field Measurement Technique
Standard Practice for Examination of Welds Using the Alternating Current Field Measurement Technique
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The purpose of the alternating current field measurement method is to evaluate welds for surface breaking discontinuities such as fabrication and fatigue cracks. The examination results may then be used by qualified organizations to assess weld service life or other engineering characteristics (beyond the scope of this practice). This practice is not intended for the examination of welds for non-surface breaking discontinuities.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes procedures to be followed during alternating current field measurement examination of welds for baseline and service-induced surface breaking discontinuities.
1.2 This practice is intended for use on welds in any metallic material.
1.3 This practice does not establish weld acceptance criteria.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system might not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: E2261 − 07
StandardPractice for
Examination of Welds Using the Alternating Current Field
1
Measurement Technique
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2261; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 Thispracticedescribesprocedurestobefollowedduring 3.1 General definitions of terms used in this practice can be
alternatingcurrentfieldmeasurementexaminationofweldsfor foundinTerminologyE1316,SectionA,CommonNDTterms,
baseline and service-induced surface breaking discontinuities. and Section C, Electromagnetic testing.
3.2 Definitions:
1.2 This practice is intended for use on welds in any
metallic material. 3.2.1 exciter—a device that generates a time varying elec-
tromagnetic field, usually a coil energized with alternating
1.3 This practice does not establish weld acceptance crite-
current (AC); also known as a transmitter.
ria.
3.2.2 detector—one or more coils or elements used to sense
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
or measure a magnetic field; also known as a receiver.
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
3.2.3 uniform field—as applied to nondestructive testing
each system might not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
with magnetic fields, the area of uniform magnetic field over
system shall be used independently of the other.
the surface of the material under examination produced by a
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
parallel induced alternating current, which has been passed
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
through the weld and is observable beyond the direct coupling
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of the exciting coil.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.4 graduated field—as applied to nondestructive testing
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
with magnetic fields, a magnetic field having a controlled
gradient in its intensity.
2. Referenced Documents
3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.3.1 alternating current field measurement system—the
E543Specification forAgencies Performing Nondestructive
electronic instrumentation, software, probes, and all associated
Testing
components and cables required for performing weld exami-
E1316Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
nation using the alternating current field measurement tech-
3
2.2 ASNT Standard:
nique.
SNT-TC-1APersonnelQualificationinNondestructiveTest-
3.3.2 operational standardization block—a reference stan-
ing
dard with specified artificial slots, used to confirm the opera-
ANSI/ASNT-CP-189Standard for Qualification and Certifi-
tion of the system.
cation of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
3.3.3 Bx—the x component of the magnetic field, parallel to
the weld toe, the magnitude of which is proportional to the
current density set up by the electric field.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.07 on
3.3.4 Bz—the z component of the magnetic field normal to
Electromagnetic Method.
the inspected base metal/hear affected zone surface, the mag-
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2007. Published January 2008. Originally
nitude of which is proportional to the lateral deflection of the
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E2261-03. DOI:
10.1520/E2261-07.
induced currents in the plane of that surface.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3.3.5 X-Y Plot—an X-Ygraph with two orthogonal compo-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on nents of magnetic field plotted against each other.
the ASTM website.
3
3.3.6 time base plots—these plot the relationship between
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. Bx or Bz values with time.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E2261 − 07
3.3.7 surface plot—for use with array probes. This type of
plot has one component of the magnetic field plotted over an
area, typically as a color contour plot or 3-D wire frame plot.
3.3.8 data sample rate—the rate at which data is digitized
for display and recording, in data points per second.
3.3.9 configuration data—standardization da
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E2261–03 Designation:E2261–07
Standard Practice for
Examination of Welds Using the Alternating Current Field
1
Measurement Technique
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2261; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice describes procedures to be followed during alternating current field measurement examination of welds for
baseline and service-induced surface breaking discontinuities.
1.2 This practice is intended for use on welds in any metallic material.
1.3 This practice does not establish weld acceptance criteria.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system might not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E 543Practice Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive Testing
E 1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
3
2.2 ASNT Standard:
SNT-TC-1A Personnel Qualification in Nondestructive Testing
ANSI/ASNT-CP-189 Standard for Qualification and Certification of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
3. Terminology
3.1 General definitions of terms used in this practice can be found inTerminology E 1316, SectionA, Common NDTterms, and
Section C, Electromagnetic testing.
3.2 Definitions:
3.2.1 exciter—a device that generates a time varying electromagnetic field, usually a coil energized with alternating current
(AC); also known as a transmitter.
3.2.2 detector—one or more coils or elements used to sense or measure a magnetic field; also known as a receiver.
3.2.3 uniform field—as applied to nondestructive testing with magnetic fields, the area of uniform magnetic field over the
surface of the material under examination produced by a parallel induced alternating current, which has been passed through the
weld and is observable beyond the direct coupling of the exciting coil. The field is uniform on the surface but the strength decays
exponentially with depth.
3.2.4 alternating current field measurement— a nondestructive examination technique that measures changes in an appliedAC
uniform magnetic field to detect and characterize discontinuities. graduated field—as applied to nondestructive testing with
magnetic fields, a magnetic field having a controlled gradient in its intensity.
3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.3.1 alternating current field measurement system—the electronic instrumentation, software, probes, and all associated
components and cables required for performing weld examination using the alternating current field measurement technique.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E07 on Nondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.07 on Electromagnetic
Methods.
Current edition approved February 10, 2003. Published April 2003.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E07 on Nondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.07 on Electromagnetic
Method.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2007. Published January 2008. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E 2261 - 03.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
,Vol 03.03.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2261–07
3.3.2 operational standardization block—a reference standard with specified artificial slots, used to confirm the operational
parameters and to indicate discontinuity detection sensitivity. —a reference standard with specified artificial slots, used to
...
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