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ASTM D4393/D4393M-10

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Strap Peel Adhesion of Reinforcing Cords or Fabrics to Rubber Compounds (Withdrawn 2014)

Standard Test Method for Strap Peel Adhesion of Reinforcing Cords or Fabrics to Rubber Compounds (Withdrawn 2014)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Single Test Cord— Adhesive treating of cords singly or adhesive treating individual ends simultaneously (referred to as “multi-cord treating” as opposed to “fabric treating”) and winding the cords as single ends is the most common laboratory method of preparing reinforcement materials for evaluation in reinforced rubber articles such as tires, belts, and hoses. This system of adhesive treating facilitates the study of a large number of adhesion variables at minimum cost. This test method provides a good comparison of variables on adhesion because it produces both an average numerical value of peel force over several linear centimetres of cord and provides convenient specimens for assessing appearance (see 11.3) of the peeled area as well. It may be used for purchase specification requirements for adhesive treated cords, steel tire cord, adhesives, rubber compounds, or manufacturing control of such products.
Preparation of weftless fabric from single cord is not recommended for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of tire cord fabric because single cords of long length cannot be conveniently obtained from fabric for drumwinding. See 5.2.2.
This test method is usually not preferred for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of adhesive treated cord, such as single end cord for hose. The more usual and convenient method for acceptance testing of such single cords is to prepare from a shipment a test piece or article in the same manner as the commercial article to be produced and to test cord-adhesion characteristics in this piece in a manner that compares its adhesion characteristics against a previously established, acceptable control. “H” and“ U” tests (Test Methods ) provide convenient and rapid adhesion results for acceptance testing of textile cords if needed. For steel cord, Test Method D2229 provides convenient and rapid adhesion results.
Using Woven Fabric—The woven fabric method of 4.2-4.4 is often chosen for rapid adhesion testing of textile w...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of peel adhesion of reinforcing fabrics that are bonded to rubber compounds. It is applicable to either woven or parallel cord textile structures from both natural and manmade fibers and to parallel steel cord structures.
1.2 This test method is primarily used to evaluate tire cords and tire cord fabrics, including steel tire cords, using a suitable tire cord adhesive and a suitable rubber compound. This test method may be used to evaluate tire cord adhesives (fabric dip), metallic (usually brass) coatings on steel cord, and the process of adhesive reaction on the cord using one consistent form of tire cord or fabric and one consistent rubber compound. This test method may be used to evaluate cords and fabrics in industrial hose and belting products and other cord or fabric reinforced rubber products.  
1.3 Variables that may contribute to differences in results of this test method include adhesive type, adhesive application procedure, adhesive cure, fiber type, construction of cords or reinforcing fabrics, rubber type, rubber cure, rubber thickness, and cord spacing.  
1.3.1 The deleterious effect of ozone in combination with atmospheric moisture on the ability of adhesives to bond with rubber requires assiduous protection of cords prior to rubber embedment.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard..
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN ...

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
31-Dec-2009
Withdrawal Date
13-Mar-2014
ICS
59.100.01 - Materials for the reinforcement of composites in general
Technical Committee
D13 - Textiles
Drafting Committee
D13.19 - Industrial Fibers and Metallic Reinforcements
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D4393/D4393M-10 - Standard Test Method for Strap Peel Adhesion of Reinforcing Cords or Fabrics to Rubber Compounds (Withdrawn 2014)ASTM D4393/D4393M-10 - Standard Test Method for Strap Peel Adhesion of Reinforcing Cords or Fabrics to Rubber Compounds (Withdrawn 2014)
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ASTM D4393/D4393M-10 - Standard Test Method for Strap Peel Adhesion of Reinforcing Cords or Fabrics to Rubber Compounds (Withdrawn 2014)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4393/D4393M − 10
StandardTest Method for
Strap Peel Adhesion of Reinforcing Cords or Fabrics to
1
Rubber Compounds
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4393/D4393M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This test method covers the determination of peel
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
adhesion of reinforcing fabrics that are bonded to rubber
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
compounds. It is applicable to either woven or parallel cord
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
textile structures from both natural and manmade fibers and to
parallel steel cord structures.
2. Referenced Documents
4
1.2 This test method is primarily used to evaluate tire cords
2.1 ASTM Standards:
and tire cord fabrics, including steel tire cords, using a suitable
D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
tire cord adhesive and a suitable rubber compound. This test
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
method may be used to evaluate tire cord adhesives (fabric
D1566 Terminology Relating to Rubber
dip), metallic (usually brass) coatings on steel cord, and the
D2138 Test Method for Rubber Property—Adhesion to Tex-
5
process of adhesive reaction on the cord using one consistent
tile Cord (Withdrawn 1990)
form of tire cord or fabric and one consistent rubber com-
D2229 Test Method for Adhesion Between Steel Tire Cords
pound. This test method may be used to evaluate cords and
and Rubber
fabricsinindustrialhoseandbeltingproductsandothercordor
D6477 Terminology Relating to Tire Cord, Bead Wire, Hose
fabric reinforced rubber products.
Reinforcing Wire, and Fabrics
1.3 Variables that may contribute to differences in results of
3. Terminology
this test method include adhesive type, adhesive application
3.1 Definitions:
procedure, adhesive cure, fiber type, construction of cords or
3.1.1 For defintions of terms relating to tire cord, bead wire,
reinforcing fabrics, rubber type, rubber cure, rubber thickness,
2
hose wire, and tire cord fabrics, refer to Terminology D6477.
and cord spacing.
3.1.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:
1.3.1 The deleterious effect of ozone in combination with
adhesion, adhesion, in tire fabrics, chafer fabric, curing, fabric
atmospheric moisture on the ability of adhesives to bond with
dip, holland cloth, rubber, rubber compound, as used in the
rubber requires assiduous protection of cords prior to rubber
3
manufacture of rubber articles, rubberize, steel cord, steel
embedment.
filament, stitch, in making rubberized articles, straightness, in
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
steel cord, tack, for rubber or rubber compounds, tire cord, tire
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
cord fabric, vulcanization, weftless fabric.
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
3.1.2 For definitions of terms related to rubber, refer to
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
Terminology D1566.
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
3.1.3 For definitions of terms related to textiles, refer to
with the standard.
Terminology D123.
4. Summary of Test Method
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textiles 4.1 Strap Peel Adhesion From Single Cord—Two pieces of
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.19 on Industrial Fibers and
weftlessfabricofsufficientsizetocoverthecuringmoldcavity
Metallic Reinforcements.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2010. Published January 2010. Originally
4
approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D4393 – 04. DOI: For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
10.1520/D4393_D4393M-10. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
Iyengar, Y., “Adhesion Behavior of Nylon Tire Cord/Adhesive/Rubber Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Systems,” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol 13, 1969, pp. 353–363. the ASTM website.
3
5
Wenghoefer, H. M., “Environmental Effects on RFL Adhesion,” Rubber The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
Chemistry and Technology, Vol 47, No. 5, December 1974, pp. 1066–1073. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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Standard Test Method for Hydrostatic Pressure Resistance of a Liquid-Applied Waterproofing Membrane

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used as a screening tool to determine the hydrostatic pressure to which a liquid-applied waterproofing membrane may be subjected without failing when stretched over a crack in the substrate. This test method discriminates between a membrane that is very resistant to hydrostatic pressure and one that is not. Because of the variability inherent in this test method, it is not recommended that this test method be used to set a numerical standard for hydrostatic pressure resistance. No prediction of durability at lower hydrostatic pressures can be made when using the results of this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a laboratory procedure for determining the resistance of a waterproofing membrane to hydrostatic pressure.  
1.2 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other organizations.  
1.3 There are no ISO standards similar or equivalent to this ASTM standard.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM F2647-07(2023)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Approved Methods of Installing a CVS (Central Vacuum System)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The suggestions of this guide are intended to provide proper installation materials and practices to be used during the installation of a central-vacuum system.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide demonstrates proper methods for installing a central-vacuum system.  
1.2 Appendix X1 contains additional sources of information that may be helpful to the user of this guide.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D4725-15(2023)(Terminology)
Standard Terminology for Engine Coolants and Related Fluids

SCOPE
1.1 This document covers terminology relating to engine coolants. It is intended to provide a reference for anyone seeking information on engine coolants, and also to provide a uniform set of definitions for use in preparing ASTM specifications, test methods and other standard documents.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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    3 pages
    English language
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