ASTM D6661-10

Standard Practice for Field Collection of Organic Compounds from Surfaces Using Wipe Sampling

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Wipe sampling is typically used by persons involved in hazardous waste site investigations to characterize the areal extent and the level of contamination on walls, floors, equipment, etc. Wipe sampling is also used to determine compliance with regulations.
There are many factors that contribute to variation in sampling results during wipe sampling including, the use of different pressures applied to the wipe, different kinds of wipes, different wiping patterns, the texture of the surface being wiped, and perhaps even the duration of wiping. The significance of this practice is that it standardizes wiping procedures to reduce sampling variability in the collection of samples from smooth, nonporous surfaces such as metal, glass, painted or sealed surfaces, tile, etc., in and around buildings, and from pipes, tanks, decontaminated equipment, etc.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice addresses sampling of organic compounds (i.e., PCBs, dioxins, many pesticides and similar compounds) from smooth nonporous surfaces using a solvent-wetted wipe sampling method. Samples are collected in a manner that permits the solvent extraction of the organic compound(s) of interest from the wipes and subsequent determination using a laboratory analysis technique such as gas chromatography with a suitable detector. This practice is, however, unsuitable for the collection of volatile organic compounds.
1.2 This practice should only be used to collect samples for the determination of organic compound(s) on a loading basis (e.g., mass per unit area). It cannot be used to collect samples for the determination of organic compounds on a concentration basis (e.g., mass per unit mass).
1.3 This wipe sampling practice is not recommended for collecting samples of organic compounds from rough or porous surfaces such as upholstery, carpeting, brick, rough concrete, ceiling tiles, and bare wood. It is also not intended for the collection of dust samples (see Practice E1278) or sampling to estimating human exposure to contaminated surfaces.  
1.4 To ensure valid conclusions are reached, a sufficient number of samples must be obtained as directed by a sampling design (the number and location of samples including quality control samples) and a quality assurance/quality control plan. This practice does not address the sampling designs used to achieve the data quality objectives (see Practice D5792).
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2010
• ICS: 13.020.40 - Pollution, pollution control and conservation
• ICS: 19.020 - Test conditions and procedures in general
• Technical Committee: D34 - Waste Management
• Drafting Committee: D34.01.02 - Sampling Techniques

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D6661-01(2006) - Standard Practice for Field Collection of Organic Compounds from Surfaces Using Wipe Sampling
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Replaced By: ASTM D6661-17 - Standard Practice for Field Collection of Organic Compounds from Surfaces Using Wipe Sampling
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2017
• Referred By: ASTM D5681-22e1 - Standard Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6661 − 10
Standard Practice for
Field Collection of Organic Compounds from Surfaces
1
Using Wipe Sampling
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6661; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This practice addresses sampling of organic compounds 2.1 ASTM Standards:
(i.e., PCBs, dioxins, many pesticides and similar compounds) D4687 Guide for General Planning of Waste Sampling
from smooth nonporous surfaces using a solvent-wetted wipe D5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
sampling method. Samples are collected in a manner that D5792 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Re-
permits the solvent extraction of the organic compound(s) of lated to Waste Management Activities: Development of
interest from the wipes and subsequent determination using a Data Quality Objectives
laboratory analysis technique such as gas chromatography with E1278 Guide for Radioactive Pathway Methodology for
a suitable detector.This practice is, however, unsuitable for the Release of Sites Following Decommissioning (Withdrawn
3
collection of volatile organic compounds. 2005)
1.2 This practice should only be used to collect samples for
3. Terminology
the determination of organic compound(s) on a loading basis
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
(e.g., mass per unit area). It cannot be used to collect samples
practice, refer to Terminology D5681.
for the determination of organic compounds on a concentration
basis (e.g., mass per unit mass).
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 wipe, n—sorbent material (e.g., cotton gauze) that is
1.3 This wipe sampling practice is not recommended for
rubbed on a surface to collect a sample for chemical analysis.
collectingsamplesoforganiccompoundsfromroughorporous
surfaces such as upholstery, carpeting, brick, rough concrete,
4. Summary of Practice
ceiling tiles, and bare wood. It is also not intended for the
4.1 A wipe sample is collected from a smooth nonporous
collection of dust samples (see Practice E1278) or sampling to
surface with a solvent-wetted wipe following a specified
estimating human exposure to contaminated surfaces.
pattern of wiping to ensure complete coverage of an area of
1.4 To ensure valid conclusions are reached, a sufficient
specified dimensions. The wipe is then extracted and analyzed
number of samples must be obtained as directed by a sampling
to detect and quantify (at least semiquantitatively) the presence
design (the number and location of samples including quality
of organic compounds on surfaces.
control samples) and a quality assurance/quality control plan.
This practice does not address the sampling designs used to
5. Significance and Use
achieve the data quality objectives (see Practice D5792).
5.1 Wipe sampling is typically used by persons involved in
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
hazardous waste site investigations to characterize the areal
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
extent and the level of contamination on walls, floors,
standard.
equipment, etc. Wipe sampling is also used to determine
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
compliance with regulations.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.2 There are many factors that contribute to variation in
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
sampling results during wipe sampling including, the use of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
differentpressuresappliedtothewipe,differentkindsofwipes,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1 2
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.02 on contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Sampling Techniques. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010. Published January 2011. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D6661-01 (2006). The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/D6661-10. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D6661 − 10
TABLE 1 Contaminant Recovery Data Using Common Solvents
proper wi
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D6661–01 (Reapproved 2006) Designation:D6661–10
Standard Practice for
Field Collection of Organic Compounds from Surfaces
1
Using Wipe Sampling
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6661; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice addresses sampling of organic compounds (i.e., PCBs, dioxins, many pesticides and similar compounds) from
smooth nonporous surfaces using a solvent-wetted wipe sampling method. Samples are collected in a manner that permits the
solvent extraction of the organic compound(s) of interest from the wipes and subsequent determination using a laboratory analysis
technique such as gas chromatography with a suitable detector. This practice is, however, unsuitable for the collection of volatile
organic compounds.
1.2 This practice should only be used to collect samples for the determination of organic compound(s) on a loading basis (e.g.,
mass per unit area). It cannot be used to collect samples for the determination of organic compounds on a concentration basis (e.g.,
mass per unit mass).
1.3 This wipe sampling practice is not recommended for collecting samples of organic compounds from rough or porous
surfaces such as upholstery, carpeting, brick, rough concrete, ceiling tiles, and bare wood. It is also not intended for the collection
of dust samples (see Practice E1278) or sampling to estimating human exposure to contaminated surfaces.
1.4 To ensure valid conclusions are reached, a sufficient number of samples must be obtained as directed by a sampling design
(the number and location of samples including quality control samples) and a quality assurance/quality control plan. This practice
does not address the sampling designs used to achieve the data quality objectives (see Practice D5792).
1.5The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4687 Guide for General Planning of Waste Sampling
D5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
D5792 Practice for Generation of Environmental Data Related to Waste ManagementActivities: Development of Data Quality
Objectives
E1278 Guide for Radioactive Pathway Methodology for Release of Sites Following Decommissioning
3. Terminology
3.1Definitions:
3.1.1
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this practice, refer to Terminology D5681.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 wipe, n—sorbent material (e.g., cotton gauze) that is rubbed on a surface to collect a sample for chemical analysis.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.02 on Sampling
Techniques.
Current edition approved May 1, 2006. Published May 2006. Originally approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D6661-01. DOI:
10.1520/D6661-01R06.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010. Published January 2011. Originally approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D6661-01 (2006). DOI:
10.1520/D6661-10.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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D6661–10
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 A wipe sample is collected from a smooth nonporous surface with a solvent-wetted wipe following a specified pattern of
wiping to ensure complete coverage of an area of specified dimensions. The wipe is then extracted and analyzed to detect and
quantify (at least semiquantitatively) the presence of organic compounds on surfaces.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Wipe sampling is typically used by pe
...