ASTM F2436-14
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measuring the Performance of Synthetic Rope Rescue Belay Systems Using a Drop Test
Standard Test Method for Measuring the Performance of Synthetic Rope Rescue Belay Systems Using a Drop Test
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The types of rope rescue systems to which this test method apply use a tensioned mainline and untensioned belay line. If a fall occurs because of a mainline system failure or misuse, considerable energy must be absorbed by the belay for a successful arrest. This drop test method simulates a “worst case” condition when systems are operated as designed, and is designed to help evaluate and compare the performance of various rope rescue belay systems under such conditions. (See Note 1.) The successful catching of a load does not imply that the tested system is suitable for any and all belaying. See X1.2.
Note 1: Higher forces may be encountered under some circumstances, such as the belay being operated with excessive slack.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers drop test procedures to measure rope rescue belay system performance. It applies only to belay systems consisting of an untensioned rope connecting the load to an anchored belay device. This test method does not address other types of belays, such as self-belays or belays for lead climbing, nor does it test the rescuer's belaying ability.
1.2 This test method may be used to help measure a rescue belay system's performance under controlled drop test conditions, but it will not necessarily provide guidance as to which belay method is most suited to a particular application. Other considerations, such as ease of handling, performance on different types and diameters of rope, portability, versatility, system safety factor, cost, and automatic operation that do not require the positive action of the belayer may influence the selection of a belay system and are not dealt with in this test method. See X1.1.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Additional precautions for this test method are given in 8.1 and 8.2.
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Designation: F2436 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Measuring the Performance of Synthetic Rope Rescue Belay
1
Systems Using a Drop Test
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2436; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope F2266 Specification for Masses Used in Testing Rescue
Systems and Components
1.1 This test method covers drop test procedures to measure
2.2 Other Document:
rope rescue belay system performance. It applies only to belay
CI 1801-98 Low Stretch and Static Kernmantle Life Safety
systems consisting of an untensioned rope connecting the load
3
Rope
to an anchored belay device.This test method does not address
other types of belays, such as self-belays or belays for lead
3. Terminology
climbing, nor does it test the rescuer’s belaying ability.
3.1 Definitions:
1.2 This test method may be used to help measure a rescue
3.1.1 belay, n—a secondary system, or the system
belay system’s performance under controlled drop test
components, used to arrest the load in the event of a failure in
conditions, but it will not necessarily provide guidance as to
the system.
which belay method is most suited to a particular application.
3.1.2 belay, v—in rope rescue systems, to operate an unten-
Otherconsiderations,suchaseaseofhandling,performanceon
sioned secondary rope (belay line) so that it may be taken in or
different types and diameters of rope, portability, versatility,
let out as the load is raised or lowered, and then hold the load
system safety factor, cost, and automatic operation that do not
in case of failure of the lifting line (working line) system.
require the positive action of the belayer may influence the
3.1.3 belay assembly, n—all elements of the belay system,
selection of a belay system and are not dealt with in this test
but not including the belay line and the belay anchor.
method. See X1.1.
3.1.4 belay assembly extension, L, (cm),n—the increase in
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
length of the belay assembly, due to stretch or other extension,
standard.
measured from the anchorage to the farthest gripping point of
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials,
the belay assembly while statically tensioned, post-drop, ex-
operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to
pressed in centimetres (cm).
address all of the safety concerns associated with its use. It is
3.1.5 belay device, n—that element of the belay system
the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and
providing a moveable connection point to the belay line, which
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
can secure the belay line when necessary.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.6 belay line, n—in rope rescue systems, a secondary
Additionalprecautionsforthistestmethodaregivenin8.1and
8.2. line, generally untensioned, acting as a back-up to the lifting
line as distinguished from the lifting line (working line) that
2. Referenced Documents actually raises, lowers, or transports the load.
2
3.1.7 belay system, n—the belay assembly and the belay
2.1 ASTM Standards:
line, but for the purposes of this test method, not including the
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
belay anchor.
3.1.8 belay system extension,L,(cm),n—thedistancebelow
1
the zero line (this excludes drop height) reached at the
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F32 on Search
and Rescue and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F32.01 on Equipment,
maximum extension during fall arrest, prior to rebound; also
Testing, and Maintenance.
known as stopping distance, expressed in centimetres (cm).
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014. Published January 2015. Originally
approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as F2436–05 (2011). 3.1.9 belay system failure, n—when the test block hits the
DOI: 10.1520/F2436-14.
ground.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on AvailablefromCordageInstitute,994OldEagleSchoolRd.,Wayne,PA19087,
the ASTM website. http://www.ropecord.com.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F2436 − 14
3.1.10 drop height, L, (cm),n—the free-fall distance the 6. Interferences
block falls before the belay system begins to arrest its fall.
6.1
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F2436 − 05 (Reapproved 2011) F2436 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Measuring the Performance of Synthetic Rope Rescue Belay
1
Systems Using a Drop Test
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2436; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers drop test procedures to measure rope rescue belay system performance. It applies only to belay
systems consisting of an untensioned rope connecting the load to an anchored belay device. This test method does not address other
types of belays, such as self-belays or belays for lead climbing, nor does it test the rescuer’s belaying ability.
1.2 This test method may be used to help measure a rescue belay system’s performance under controlled drop test conditions,
but it will not necessarily provide guidance as to which belay method is most suited to a particular application. Other
considerations, such as ease of handling, performance on different types and diameters of rope, portability, versatility, system safety
factor, cost, and automatic operation that do not require the positive action of the belayer may influence the selection of a belay
system and are not dealt with in this test method. See X1.1.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all
of the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Additional
precautions for this test method are given in 8.1 and 8.2.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
F2266 Specification for Masses Used in Testing Rescue Systems and Components
2.2 Other Document:
3
CI 1801-98 Low Stretch and Static Kernmantle Life Safety Rope
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 belay, n—a secondary system, or the system components, used to arrest the load in the event of a failure in the system.
3.1.2 belay, v—in rope rescue systems, to operate an untensioned secondary rope (belay line) so that it may be taken in or let
out as the load is raised or lowered, and then hold the load in case of failure of the lifting line (working line) system.
3.1.3 belay assembly, n—all elements of the belay system, but not including the belay line and the belay anchor.
3.1.4 belay assembly extension, L, (cm),n—the increase in length of the belay assembly, due to stretch or other extension,
measured from the anchorage to the farthest gripping point of the belay assembly while statically tensioned, post-drop, expressed
in centimetres (cm).
3.1.5 belay device, n—that element of the belay system providing a moveable connection point to the belay line, which can
secure the belay line when necessary.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F32 on Search and Rescue and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F32.01 on Equipment, Testing,
and Maintenance.
Current edition approved Sept. 15, 2011Dec. 1, 2014. Published October 2011January 2015. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 20052011
as F2436–05. –05 (2011). DOI: 10.1520/F2436-05(2011).10.1520/F2436-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Cordage Institute, 994 Old Eagle School Rd., Wayne, PA 19087, http://www.ropecord.com.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F2436 − 14
3.1.6 belay line, n—in rope rescue systems, a secondary line, generally untensioned, acting as a back-up to the lifting line as
distinguished from the lifting line (working line) that actually raises, lowers, or transports the load.
3.1.7 belay system, n—the belay assembly and the belay line, but for the purposes of this test method, not including the belay
anchor.
3.1.8 belay system extension, L, (cm),n—the distan
...
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