ASTM G214-23
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Integration of Digital Spectral Data for Weathering and Durability Applications
Standard Test Method for Integration of Digital Spectral Data for Weathering and Durability Applications
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Weathering and durability testing often requires the computation of the effects of radiant exposure of materials to various optical radiation sources, including lamps with varying spectral power distributions and outdoor and simulated sunlight as in Test Methods E972, G130, and G207.
5.2 The purpose of this test method is to foster greater consistency and comparability of weathering and durability test results between various exposure regimes, calculation of materials properties, and laboratories with respect to numerical results that depend upon the integration of spectral distribution data.
5.3 Changes in the optical properties of materials such as spectral reflectance, transmittance, or absorptance are often the measure of material stability or usefulness in various applications. Computation of the material responses to exposure to radiant sources mentioned above requires the integration of measured wavelength-dependent digital data, sometimes in conjunction with tabulated wavelength-dependent reference or comparison data.
5.4 This test method specifies and describes the Modified Trapezoid Rule as a single reasonably accurate and easily implemented integration technique for computing approximations of spectral source and optical property integrals.
5.5 The method includes a procedure for estimating the approximate absolute and relative (percent) error in the estimated spectral integrals.
5.6 The method includes a procedure to construct data sets that match in spectral wavelength and spectral wavelength interval, which does not have to be uniform over the spectral range of interest. Uniform spectral intervals simplify some of the calculations, but are not required.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method specifies a single relatively simple method to implement, common integration technique, the Modified Trapezoid Rule, to integrate digital or tabulated spectral data. The intent is to produce greater consistency and comparability of weathering and durability test results between various exposure regimes, calculation of materials properties, and laboratories with respect to numerical results that depend upon the integration of spectral distribution data.
1.2 Weathering and durability testing often requires the computation of the effects of radiant exposure of materials to various optical radiation sources, including lamps with varying spectral power distributions and outdoor and simulated sunlight. Changes in the spectrally dependent optical properties of materials, in combination with exposure source spectral data, are often used to evaluate the effect of exposure to radiant sources, develop activation spectra (Practice G178), and classify, evaluate, or rate sources with respect to reference or exposure source spectral distributions. Another important application is the integration of the original spectrally dependent optical properties of materials in combination with exposure source spectral data to determine the total energy absorbed by a material from various exposure sources.
1.3 The data applications described in 1.2 often require the use of tabulated reference spectral distributions, digital spectral data produced by modern instrumentation, and the integrated version of that data, or combinations (primarily multiplication) of spectrally dependent data.
1.4 Computation of the material responses to exposure to radiant sources mentioned above require the integration of measured wavelength dependent digital data, sometimes in conjunction with tabulated wavelength dependent reference or comparison data.
1.5 The term “integration” in the previous sections refers to the numerical approximation to the true integral of continuous functions, represented by discrete, digital data. There are numerous mathematical techniques for performing numerical integration. Each method provides different levels of complexity, accuracy, ease of implementation and computational efficiency, an...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: G214 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Integration of Digital Spectral Data for Weathering and
1
Durability Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G214; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope functions, represented by discrete, digital data. There are
numerous mathematical techniques for performing numerical
1.1 This test method specifies a single relatively simple
integration. Each method provides different levels of
method to implement, common integration technique, the
complexity, accuracy, ease of implementation and computa-
Modified Trapezoid Rule, to integrate digital or tabulated
tional efficiency, and, of course, resultant magnitudes.
spectral data. The intent is to produce greater consistency and
2
Hulstrom, Bird and Riordan (1) demonstrate the differences
comparability of weathering and durability test results between
2
between results for rectangular (963.56 W/m ), trapezoid rule
various exposure regimes, calculation of materials properties,
2 2
(962.53 W/m ), and modified trapezoid rule (963.75 W/m )
and laboratories with respect to numerical results that depend
integration for a single solar spectrum. Thus the need for a
upon the integration of spectral distribution data.
standard integration technique to simplify the comparison of
1.2 Weathering and durability testing often requires the
results from different laboratories, measurement
computation of the effects of radiant exposure of materials to
instrumentation, or exposure regimes.
various optical radiation sources, including lamps with varying
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
spectral power distributions and outdoor and simulated sun-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
light. Changes in the spectrally dependent optical properties of
standard.
materials, in combination with exposure source spectral data,
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
are often used to evaluate the effect of exposure to radiant
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
sources, develop activation spectra (Practice G178), and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
classify, evaluate, or rate sources with respect to reference or
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
exposure source spectral distributions. Another important ap-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
plication is the integration of the original spectrally dependent
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
optical properties of materials in combination with exposure
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
source spectral data to determine the total energy absorbed by
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
a material from various exposure sources.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.3 The data applications described in 1.2 often require the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
use of tabulated reference spectral distributions, digital spectral
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
data produced by modern instrumentation, and the integrated
version of that data, or combinations (primarily multiplication)
2. Referenced Documents
of spectrally dependent data.
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.4 Computation of the material responses to exposure to
E275 Practice for Describing and Measuring Performance of
radiant sources mentioned above require the integration of
Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrophotometers
measured wavelength dependent digital data, sometimes in
E424 Test Methods for Solar Energy Transmittance and
conjunction with tabulated wavelength dependent reference or
Reflectance (Terrestrial) of Sheet Materials
comparison data.
E490 Standard Solar Constant and Zero Air Mass Solar
Spectral Irradiance Tables
1.5 The term “integration” in the previous sections refers to
E772 Terminology of Solar Energy Conversion
the numerical approximation to the true integral of continuous
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G03 on The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of
Weathering and Durability and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G03.09 this standard.
3
on Radiometry. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved July 1, 2023. Published
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: G214 − 16 G214 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Integration of Digital Spectral Data for Weathering and
1
Durability Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G214; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method specifies a single relatively simple method to implement, common integration technique, the Modified
Trapezoid Rule, to integrate digital or tabulated spectral data. The intent is to produce greater consistency and comparability of
weathering and durability test results between various exposure regimes, calculation of materials properties, and laboratories with
respect to numerical results that depend upon the integration of spectral distribution data.
1.2 Weathering and durability testing often requires the computation of the effects of radiant exposure of materials to various
optical radiation sources, including lamps with varying spectral power distributions and outdoor and simulated sunlight. Changes
in the spectrally dependent optical properties of materials, in combination with exposure source spectral data, are often used to
evaluate the effect of exposure to radiant sources, develop activation spectra (Practice G178), and classify, evaluate, or rate sources
with respect to reference or exposure source spectral distributions. Another important application is the integration of the original
spectrally dependent optical properties of materials in combination with exposure source spectral data to determine the total energy
absorbed by a material from various exposure sources.
1.3 The data applications described in 1.2 often require the use of tabulated reference spectral distributions, digital spectral data
produced by modern instrumentation, and the integrated version of that data, or combinations (primarily multiplication) of
spectrally dependent data.
1.4 Computation of the material responses to exposure to radiant sources mentioned above require the integration of measured
wavelength dependent digital data, sometimes in conjunction with tabulated wavelength dependent reference or comparison data.
1.5 The term “integration” in the previous sections refers to the numerical approximation to the true integral of continuous
functions, represented by discrete, digital data. There are numerous mathematical techniques for performing numerical integration.
Each method provides different levels of complexity, accuracy, ease of implementation and computational efficiency, and, of
2
course, resultant magnitudes. Hulstrom, Bird and Riordan (1) demonstrate the differences between results for rectangular (963.56
2 2 2
W/m ), trapezoid rule (962.53 W/m ), and modified trapezoid rule (963.75 W/m ) integration for a single solar spectrum. Thus the
need for a standard integration technique to simplify the comparison of results from different laboratories, measurement
instrumentation, or exposure regimes.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G03 on Weathering and Durability and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G03.09 on Radiometry.
Current edition approved May 1, 2016July 1, 2023. Published May 2016August 2023. Originally approved in 2015. Last previous edition approved in 20152016 as
G214G214 – 16.–15. DOI: 10.1520/G0214-16.10.1520/G0214-23.
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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G214 − 23
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization T
...
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