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ASTM D6496/D6496M-23a

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining Average Bonding Peel Strength Between Top and Bottom Layers of Needle-Punched Geosynthetic Clay Liners

Standard Test Method for Determining Average Bonding Peel Strength Between Top and Bottom Layers of Needle-Punched Geosynthetic Clay Liners

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The bonding strength test for the top and bottom layers of the geosynthetic clay liner is intended to be an index test. It is anticipated that the results of the test will be used to evaluate the quality of the bonding process.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination of the average bonding strength between the top and bottom layers of a sample of a geosynthetic clay liner (GCL).  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
14-Apr-2023
ICS
91.100.50 - Binders. Sealing materials
Technical Committee
D35 - Geosynthetics
Drafting Committee
D35.04 - Geosynthetic Clay Liners
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D6496/D6496M-23a - Standard Test Method for Determining Average Bonding Peel Strength Between Top and Bottom Layers of Needle-Punched Geosynthetic Clay LinersASTM D6496/D6496M-23a - Standard Test Method for Determining Average Bonding Peel Strength Between Top and Bottom Layers of Needle-Punched Geosynthetic Clay Liners
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REDLINE ASTM D6496/D6496M-23a - Standard Test Method for Determining Average Bonding Peel Strength Between Top and Bottom Layers of Needle-Punched Geosynthetic Clay LinersREDLINE ASTM D6496/D6496M-23a - Standard Test Method for Determining Average Bonding Peel Strength Between Top and Bottom Layers of Needle-Punched Geosynthetic Clay Liners
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6496/D6496M − 23a
Standard Test Method for
Determining Average Bonding Peel Strength Between Top
and Bottom Layers of Needle-Punched Geosynthetic Clay
1
Liners
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6496/D6496M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D6072/D6072M Practice for Obtaining Samples of Geosyn-
thetic Clay Liners
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination of
the average bonding strength between the top and bottom
3. Terminology
layers of a sample of a geosynthetic clay liner (GCL).
3.1 Definitions:
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3.1.1 geosynthetic clay liner, n—a manufactured hydraulic
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
barrier consisting of clay bonded to a layer or layers of
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
geosynthetic material(s). D4439
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
3.2 For terminology of other terms used in this test method,
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
refer to Terminologies D123 and D4439.
with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Summary of Test Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 The top and bottom layers of a geosynthetic clay liner
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
are gripped individually in tensile grips and pulled at a constant
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
rate of extension by a tensile testing machine until the top and
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
bottom layers of the specimen separate. The average bonding
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
peel strength of the test specimen can be calculated from
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
machine scales, dials, recording charts, or an interface com-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
puter.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5. Significance and Use
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.1 The bonding strength test for the top and bottom layers
of the geosynthetic clay liner is intended to be an index test. It
2. Referenced Documents
is anticipated that the results of the test will be used to evaluate
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the quality of the bonding process.
D76/D76M Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for
6. Atmospheric Conditions
Textiles
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
6.1 Atmospheric Conditions:
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
6.1.1 The atmospheric conditions of the laboratory deter-
D5889/D5889M Practice for Quality Control of Geosyn-
mining average bonding peel strength between top and bottom
thetic Clay Liners
layers of needle-punched geosynthetic clay liners shall be:
relative humidity between 50 to 70 % and a temperature of 21
6 2 °C [70 6 4 °F].
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on
7. Apparatus
Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosyn-
thetic Clay Liners.
7.1 Tensile Testing Machine—A constant rate of extension
Current edition approved April 15, 2023. Published May 2023. Originally
(CRE) type of testing machine described in Specification
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2023 as D6496/D6496M – 23.
DOI: 10.1520/D6496_D6496M-23A.
D76/D76M shall be used with a minimum precision measuring
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or –4
capability of 0.1 N/m [5.71 × 10 lbf/in.].
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
7.1.1 Fixed Member—A fixed or essentially stationary
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. member carrying one clamp.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6496/D6496M − 23a
7.1.2 Movable Member—A movable member carrying a should be randomly selected from locations on the sample, but
second clamp. should be distributed across the sample. All specimens should
be cut parallel to the machine direction. Using a knife or razor,
7.2 Clamps—The clamps shall be a minimum 25 by
separate the top and
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6496/D6496M − 23 D6496/D6496M − 23a
Standard Test Method for
Determining Average Bonding Peel Strength Between Top
and Bottom Layers of Needle-Punched Geosynthetic Clay
1
Liners
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6496/D6496M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination of the average bonding strength between the top and bottom layers of
a sample of a geosynthetic clay liner (GCL).
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D76/D76M Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
D5889/D5889M Practice for Quality Control of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
D6072/D6072M Practice for Obtaining Samples of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 geosynthetic clay liner, n—a manufactured hydraulic barrier consisting of clay bonded to a layer or layers of geosynthetic
material(s). D4439
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosynthetic Clay
Liners.
Current edition approved March 1, 2023April 15, 2023. Published March 2023May 2023. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20202023 as
D6496/D6496M – 20.D6496/D6496M – 23. DOI: 10.1520/D6496_D6496M-23.10.1520/D6496_D6496M-23A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6496/D6496M − 23a
3.2 For terminology of other terms used in this test method, refer to Terminologies D123 and D4439.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The top and bottom layers of a geosynthetic clay liner are gripped individually in tensile grips and pulled at a constant rate
of extension by a tensile testing machine until the top and bottom layers of the specimen separate. The average bonding peel
strength of the test specimen can be calculated from machine scales, dials, recording charts, or an interface computer.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The bonding strength test for the top and bottom layers of the geosynthetic clay liner is intended to be an index test. It is
anticipated that the results of the test will be used to evaluate the quality of the bonding process.
6. Atmospheric Conditions
6.1 Atmospheric Conditions:
6.1.1 The atmospheric conditions of the laboratory determining average bonding peel strength between top and bottom layers of
needle-punched geosynthetic clay liners shall be: relative humidity between 50 to 70 % and a temperature of 21 6 2 °C [70 6
4 °F].
7. Apparatus
7.1 Tensile Testing Machine—A constant rate of extension (CRE) type of testing machine described in Specification D76/D76M
–4
shall be used with a minimum precision measuring capability of 0.1 N/m [5.71 × 10 lbf/in.].
7.1.1 Fixed Member—A fixed or essentially stationary member carrying one clamp.
7.1.2 Movable Member—A movable member carrying a second clamp.
7.2 Clamps—The clamps shall be a minimum 25 by 100 mm [1 by 4 in.] an
...

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3.4 This guide is not all-inclusive. Manufacturer's application instructions should be consulted and geographical “area practices” considered. Consult membrane manufacturer and coating manufacturer for acceptability of procedures and products.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the application methods for Specification D2824/D2824M Aluminum-Pigmented Asphalt Roof Coatings, Nonfibered, and Fibered without Asbestos, for application on asphalt built-up roof membranes, modified bitumen roof membranes, bituminous base flashings, concrete surfaces, metal surfaces, emulsion coatings, and solvent-based coatings. This guide does not apply to the selection of a specific aluminum-pigmented asphalt roof coating type for use on specific projects. The fibered version of these coatings excludes the use of asbestos fibers.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 4.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C1306/C1306M-08(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Hydrostatic Pressure Resistance of a Liquid-Applied Waterproofing Membrane

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used as a screening tool to determine the hydrostatic pressure to which a liquid-applied waterproofing membrane may be subjected without failing when stretched over a crack in the substrate. This test method discriminates between a membrane that is very resistant to hydrostatic pressure and one that is not. Because of the variability inherent in this test method, it is not recommended that this test method be used to set a numerical standard for hydrostatic pressure resistance. No prediction of durability at lower hydrostatic pressures can be made when using the results of this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a laboratory procedure for determining the resistance of a waterproofing membrane to hydrostatic pressure.  
1.2 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other organizations.  
1.3 There are no ISO standards similar or equivalent to this ASTM standard.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C1305/C1305M-16(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Crack Bridging Ability of Liquid-Applied Waterproofing Membrane

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to indicate a waterproofing membrane's ability to maintain its integrity while bridging a preexisting crack in the substrate at low ambient temperatures, when the membrane is least likely to be flexible.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for determining the ability of a waterproofing membrane to bridge a crack in the substrate.  
1.2 There are no ISO standards similar or equivalent to this ASTM standard.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
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