ASTM F436M-10

Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Washers [Metric]

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the chemical, mechanical, and dimensional requirements for hardened steel washers for use with fasteners having nominal thread diameters of M12 through M100. These washers are intended for general-purpose mechanical and structural use with bolts, nuts, studs, and other internally and externally threaded fasteners. The types of washers covered here are: Type 1—washers made of carbon steel; and Type 3—washers made of weathering steel. Moreover, the styles of washers covered here are: circular washers, which are suitable for applications where sufficient space exists and angularity permits; beveled washers, which are square and rectangular with a beveled 1:6 surface for use with American Standard beams and channels; and clipped washers, which are circular or beveled for use where space limitations necessitate that one side be clipped. Steels to be used to manufacture the washers shall be produced by the open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace process. Each type and style of washer shall be suitably sampled, and should conform to specified values of chemical composition, Rockwell hardness, inside and outside diameter, thickness, and clipped width.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the chemical, mechanical, and dimensional requirements for metric hardened steel washers for use with fasteners having nominal thread diameters M12 through M100. These washers are intended for general-purpose mechanical and structural use with bolts, nuts, studs, and other internally and externally threaded fasteners. These washers are suitable for use with fasteners covered in Specifications A325M, A490M, A563Mand with fasteners of Specification F568M property classes 8.8 and higher.  
1.2 The types of washers covered in this specification are:  
1.2.1 Type 1—Washers made of carbon steel.  
1.2.2 Type 3—Washers made of steel having atmospheric corrosion resistance and weathering characteristics comparable to that of steels covered in Specifications A242/A242M, A588/A588M, and A709/A709M. The atmospheric corrosion resistance of these steels is substantially better than that of carbon steel with or without copper addition. See 5.1. When properly exposed to the atmosphere, these steels can be used bare (uncoated) for many applications.  
1.2.3 This specification provides for furnishing Type 3 to chemical composition or a Corrosion Resistance Index (CRI) of 6 or higher at the suppliers option.  
1.3 The styles of washers covered in this specification are:  
1.3.1 Circular Washers—Circular washers in nominal sizes 12 mm through 100 mm, are suitable for applications where sufficient space exists and angularity permits.  
1.3.2 Beveled Washers—Beveled washers are square and rectangular, in nominal sizes 12 mm through 36 mm, with a beveled 1:6 surface for use with American Standard beams and channels.  
1.3.3 Clipped Washers—Clipped washers are circular or beveled for use where space limitations necessitate that one side be clipped.  
1.4 Terms used in this specification are defined in Terminology F1789 unless otherwise defined herein.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
Note 1—This specification is the metric counterpart of Specification F436.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2010
• ICS: 21.060.30 - Washers, locking elements
• Technical Committee: F16 - Fasteners
• Drafting Committee: F16.02 - Steel Bolts, Studs and Nuts

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F436M-09 - Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Washers [Metric]
• Effective Date: 01-May-2010
• Replaced By: ASTM F436M-11 - Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Washers [Metric] (Withdrawn 2016)
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F436M – 10
Standard Specification for
1
Hardened Steel Washers (Metric)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F436M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
1.1 This specification covers the chemical, mechanical, and
standard.
dimensional requirements for metric hardened steel washers
for use with fasteners having nominal thread diameters M12
NOTE 1—This specification is the metric counterpart of Specification
throughM100.Thesewashersareintendedforgeneral-purpose F436.
mechanical and structural use with bolts, nuts, studs, and other
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
internally and externally threaded fasteners. These washers are
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
suitable for use with fasteners covered in Specifications
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
A325M, A490M, A563Mand with fasteners of Specification
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
F568M property classes 8.8 and higher.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.2 The types of washers covered in this specification are:
1.2.1 Type 1—Washers made of carbon steel. 2. Referenced Documents
1.2.2 Type 3—Washers made of steel having atmospheric 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
corrosion resistance and weathering characteristics comparable
A153/A153M Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on
to that of steels covered in Specifications A242/A242M,
Iron and Steel Hardware
A588/A588M, and A709/A709M. The atmospheric corrosion
A242/A242M Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy
resistance of these steels is substantially better than that of
Structural Steel
carbon steel with or without copper addition. See 5.1. When
A325M Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat
properly exposed to the atmosphere, these steels can be used
Treated 830 MPa Minimum Tensile Strength (Metric)
bare (uncoated) for many applications.
A490M SpecificationforHigh-StrengthSteelBolts,Classes
1.2.3 This specification provides for furnishing Type 3 to
10.9 and 10.9.3, for Structural Steel Joints (Metric)
chemical composition or a Corrosion Resistance Index (CRI)
A563M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
of 6 or higher at the suppliers option.
(Metric)
1.3 The styles of washers covered in this specification are:
A588/A588M Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy
1.3.1 Circular Washers—Circular washers in nominal sizes
Structural Steel, up to 50 ksi [345 MPa] Minimum Yield
12 mm through 100 mm, are suitable for applications where
Point, with Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance
sufficient space exists and angularity permits.
A709/A709M Specification for Structural Steel for Bridges
1.3.2 Beveled Washers—Beveled washers are square and
A751 Test Methods, Practices, andTerminology for Chemi-
rectangular, in nominal sizes 12 mm through 36 mm, with a
cal Analysis of Steel Products
beveled 1:6 surface for use withAmerican Standard beams and
B695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically De-
channels.
posited on Iron and Steel
1.3.3 Clipped Washers—Clipped washers are circular or
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
beveled for use where space limitations necessitate that one
F436 Specification for Hardened Steel Washers
side be clipped.
F568M Specification for Carbon andAlloy Steel Externally
1.4 Terms used in this specification are defined in Termi-
Threaded Metric Fasteners (Metric)
nology F1789 unless otherwise defined herein.
F606M Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical
Properties of Externally and InternallyThreaded Fasteners,
Washers, and Rivets (Metric)
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on
Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts,
Nuts, Rivets and Washers.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published June 2010. Originally
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A436M – 09. DOI:
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/F0436M-10.
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:F436M–09 Designation: F436M – 10
Standard Specification for
1
Hardened Steel Washers (Metric)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F436M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers the chemical, mechanical, and dimensional requirements for metric hardened steel washers for use
with fasteners having nominal thread diameters M12 through M100. These washers are intended for general-purpose mechanical
and structural use with bolts, nuts, studs, and other internally and externally threaded fasteners. These washers are suitable for use
with fasteners covered in Specifications A325M, A490M, A563Mand with fasteners of Specification F568M property classes 8.8
and higher.
1.2 The types of washers covered in this specification are:
1.2.1 Type 1—Washers made of carbon steel.
1.2.2 Type3—Washersmadeofsteelhavingatmosphericcorrosionresistanceandweatheringcharacteristicscomparabletothat
of steels covered in SpecificationsA242/A242M,A588/A588M, andA709/A709M. The atmospheric corrosion resistance of these
steels is substantially better than that of carbon steel with or without copper addition. See 5.1. When properly exposed to the
atmosphere, these steels can be used bare (uncoated) for many applications.
1.2.3 This specification provides for furnishing Type 3 to chemical composition or a Corrosion Resistance Index (CRI) of 6 or
higher at the suppliers option.
1.3 The styles of washers covered in this specification are:
1.3.1 Circular Washers—Circular washers in nominal sizes 12 mm through 100 mm, are suitable for applications where
sufficient space exists and angularity permits.
1.3.2 Beveled Washers—Beveled washers are square and rectangular, in nominal sizes 12 mm through 36 mm, with a beveled
1:6 surface for use with American Standard beams and channels.
1.3.3 Clipped Washers—Clipped washers are circular or beveled for use where space limitations necessitate that one side be
clipped.
1.4 Terms used in this specification are defined in Terminology F1789 unless otherwise defined herein.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
NOTE 1—This specification is the metric counterpart of Specification F436.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A153/A153M Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and Steel Hardware
A242/A242M Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel
A325M Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated 830 MPa Minimum Tensile Strength (Metric)
A490M Specification for High-Strength Steel Bolts, Classes 10.9 and 10.9.3, for Structural Steel Joints (Metric)
A563M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts (Metric)
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts, Nuts, Rivets
and Washers.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2009. Published January 2009. Originally approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F436M–04. DOI:
10.1520/F0436M-09.
Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published June 2010. Originally approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A436M – 09. DOI:
10.1520/F0436M-10.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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F436M – 10
A588/A588M Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel, up to 50 ksi [345 MPa] MinimumYield Point, with
Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance
A709/A709M Specification for Structural St
...