ASTM F3394/F3394M-23
(Specification)Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Backup and Reaction Washers Inch and Metric Dimensions
Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Backup and Reaction Washers Inch and Metric Dimensions<rangeref></rangeref >
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1.1 This specification covers the chemical, mechanical, and dimensional requirements for hardened steel Backup and Reaction washers for use with fasteners having nominal diameters of 1/2 in. through 3 in. and M14 through M80. These washers are intended for general-purpose mechanical and structural use with bolts, nuts, studs, DTIs, and other internally and externally threaded fasteners. These washers are suitable for use with fasteners covered in Specifications A354, A193/A193M, A194/A194M, A320/A320M, F959/F959M, A449, A563, A563M, and F3125.
1.2 The washers are designated by style denoting the shape, by type denoting the material, and by inch or metric dimensions.
1.2.1 The styles of washers covered are:
1.2.1.1 Reaction—Circular washers with a knurled surface on one side and a contoured outside diameter designed to couple with the installation tool.
1.2.1.2 Backup—Circular washers having a knurled surface on both sides.
1.2.2 The types of washers covered are:
1.2.2.1 Type 1—Medium Carbon or Medium Carbon Alloy Steel.
1.2.2.2 Type 3—Weathering steel. This specification provides for furnishing Type 3 to chemical composition or a Corrosion Index (CRI) of 6 or higher, at the supplier’s option.
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units for inch fasteners and SI units for metric fasteners and are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F3394/F3394M − 23
Standard Specification for
Hardened Steel Backup and Reaction Washers Inch and
1,2
Metric Dimensions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3394/F3394M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
1.1 This specification covers the chemical, mechanical, and
standard.
dimensional requirements for hardened steel Backup and
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Reaction washers for use with fasteners having nominal
1
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
diameters of ⁄2 in. through 3 in. and M14 through M80. These
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
washers are intended for general-purpose mechanical and
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
structural use with bolts, nuts, studs, DTIs, and other internally
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
and externally threaded fasteners. These washers are suitable
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
for use with fasteners covered in Specifications A354, A193/
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
A193M, A194/A194M, A320/A320M, F959/F959M, A449,
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
A563, A563M, and F3125.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.2 The washers are designated by style denoting the shape,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
by type denoting the material, and by inch or metric dimen-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
sions.
1.2.1 The styles of washers covered are:
2. Referenced Documents
1.2.1.1 Reaction—Circular washers with a knurled surface
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
on one side and a contoured outside diameter designed to
A193/A193M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless
couple with the installation tool.
Steel Bolting for High Temperature or High Pressure
1.2.1.2 Backup—Circular washers having a knurled surface
Service and Other Special Purpose Applications
on both sides.
A194/A194M Specification for Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel,
1.2.2 The types of washers covered are:
and Stainless Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or
1.2.2.1 Type 1—Medium Carbon or Medium Carbon Alloy
High Temperature Service, or Both
Steel.
A320/A320M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless
1.2.2.2 Type 3—Weathering steel. This specification pro-
Steel Bolting for Low-Temperature Service
vides for furnishing Type 3 to chemical composition or a
A354 Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel
Corrosion Index (CRI) of 6 or higher, at the supplier’s option.
Bolts, Studs, and Other Externally Threaded Fasteners
A449 Specification for Hex Cap Screws, Bolts and Studs,
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units for inch
Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105/90 ksi Minimum Tensile
fasteners and SI units for metric fasteners and are to be
Strength, General Use
regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
A563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
A563M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts (Met-
4
ric) (Withdrawn 2021)
A588/A588M Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on
Structural Steel, up to 50 ksi [345 MPa] Minimum Yield
Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.06 on Steel Washers
Point, with Atmospheric Corrosion Resistance
and Rivets.
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2023. Published November 2023. Originally
approved in 2020. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as F3394/F3394M – 20.
3
DOI: 10.1520/F3394-23. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
2
Backup and Reaction washers of the type covered by this standard have a patent contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
application pending. Interested parties are invited to submit information regarding Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the identification of an alternative(s) to these patent-pending items to the ASTM the ASTM website.
4
International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
meeti
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F3394/F3394M − 20 F3394/F3394M − 23
Standard Specification for
Hardened Steel Backup and Reaction Washers Inch and
1,2
Metric Dimensions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3394/F3394M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the chemical, mechanical, and dimensional requirements for hardened steel Backup and Reaction
1
washers for use with fasteners having nominal diameters of ⁄2 in. through 3 in. and M14 through M80. These washers are intended
for general-purpose mechanical and structural use with bolts, nuts, studs, DTIs, and other internally and externally threaded
fasteners. These washers are suitable for use with fasteners covered in Specifications A354, A193/A193M, A194/A194M,
A320/A320M, F959/F959M, A449, A563, A563M, and F3125.
1.2 The washers are designated by style denoting the shape, by type denoting the material, and by inch or metric dimensions.
1.2.1 The styles of washers covered are:
1.2.1.1 Reaction—Circular washers with a knurled surface on one side and a contoured outside diameter designed to couple with
the installation tool.
1.2.1.2 Backup—Circular washers having a knurled surface on both sides.
1.2.2 The types of washers covered are:
1.2.2.1 Type 1—Medium Carbon or Medium Carbon Alloy Steel.
1.2.2.2 Type 3—Weathering steel. This specification provides for furnishing Type 3 to chemical composition or a Corrosion Index
(CRI) of 6 or higher, at the supplier’s option.
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units for inch fasteners and SI units for metric fasteners and are to be regarded
separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.06 on Steel Washers and Rivets.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2020Nov. 15, 2023. Published March 2020November 2023. Originally approved in 2020. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as
F3394/F3394M – 20. DOI: 10.1520/F3394–2010.1520/F3394-23.
2
Backup and Reaction washers of the type covered by this standard have a patent application pending. Interested parties are invited to submit information regarding the
identification of an alternative(s) to these patent-pending items to the ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of
the responsible technical committee, which you may attend
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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F3394/F3394M − 23
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A193/A193M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for High Temperature or High Pressure Service and Other
Special Purpose Applications
A194/A194M Specification for Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel, and Stainless Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High
Temperature Service, or Both
A320/A320M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for Low-Temperature Service
A354 Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts, Studs, and Other Externally Threaded Fasteners
A449 Specification for Hex Cap Screws, Bolts and Studs, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105/90 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength,
General Use
A563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
4
A563M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts (Metric) (Withdrawn 2021)
A588/A588M Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy
...
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