ASTM D323-15
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)
Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Vapor pressure is an important physical property of volatile liquids. This test method is used to determine the vapor pressure at 37.8 °C (100 °F) of petroleum products and crude oils with initial boiling point above 0 °C (32 °F).
5.2 Vapor pressure is critically important for both automotive and aviation gasolines, affecting starting, warm-up, and tendency to vapor lock with high operating temperatures or high altitudes. Maximum vapor pressure limits for gasoline are legally mandated in some areas as a measure of air pollution control.
5.3 Vapor pressure of crude oils is of importance to the crude producer and the refiner for general handling and initial refinery treatment.
5.4 Vapor pressure is also used as an indirect measure of the evaporation rate of volatile petroleum solvents.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determination of vapor pressure (see Note 1) of gasoline, volatile crude oil, and other volatile petroleum products.
1.2 Procedure A is applicable to gasoline and other petroleum products with a vapor pressure of less than 180 kPa (26 psi).
1.3 Procedure B may also be applicable to these other materials, but only gasoline was included in the interlaboratory test program to determine the precision of this test method.
1.4 Procedure C is for materials with a vapor pressure of greater than 180 kPa (26 psi).
1.5 Procedure D for aviation gasoline with a vapor pressure of approximately 50 kPa (7 psi).
Note 1: Because the external atmospheric pressure is counteracted by the atmospheric pressure initially present in the vapor chamber, the Reid vapor pressure is an absolute pressure at 37.8 °C (100 °F) in kilopascals (pounds-force per square inch). The Reid vapor pressure differs from the true vapor pressure of the sample due to some small sample vaporization and the presence of water vapor and air in the confined space.
1.6 This test method is not applicable to liquefied petroleum gases or fuels containing oxygenated compounds other than methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE). For determination of the vapor pressure of liquefied petroleum gases, refer to Test Method D1267 or Test Method D6897. For determination of the vapor pressure of gasoline-oxygenate blends, refer to Test Method D4953. The precision for crude oil has not been determined since the early 1950s (see Note 3). Test Method D6377 has been approved as a method for determination of vapor pressure of crude oil. IP 481 is a test method for determination of the air-saturated vapor pressure of crude oil.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in Sections 7 and 18, and 12.5.3, 15.5, 21.2, A1.1.2, A1.1.6, and A2.3.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D323 − 15
StandardTest Method for
1
Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D323; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determina-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
tion of vapor pressure (see Note 1) of gasoline, volatile crude
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
oil, and other volatile petroleum products.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning
1.2 Procedure A is applicable to gasoline and other petro-
statements are given in Sections 7 and 18, and 12.5.3, 15.5,
leum products with a vapor pressure of less than 180 kPa
21.2, A1.1.2, A1.1.6, and A2.3.
(26 psi).
2. Referenced Documents
1.3 Procedure B may also be applicable to these other
2
materials, but only gasoline was included in the interlaboratory
2.1 ASTM Standards:
test program to determine the precision of this test method.
D1267 Test Method for Gage Vapor Pressure of Liquefied
Petroleum (LP) Gases (LP-Gas Method)
1.4 Procedure C is for materials with a vapor pressure of
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
greater than 180 kPa (26 psi).
Petroleum Products
1.5 Procedure D for aviation gasoline with a vapor pressure
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
of approximately 50 kPa (7 psi).
Products, and Lubricants
NOTE 1—Because the external atmospheric pressure is counteracted by
D4953 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and
the atmospheric pressure initially present in the vapor chamber, the Reid
Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method)
vapor pressure is an absolute pressure at 37.8 °C (100 °F) in kilopascals
D6377 Test Method for Determination of Vapor Pressure of
(pounds-force per square inch). The Reid vapor pressure differs from the
true vapor pressure of the sample due to some small sample vaporization
Crude Oil: VPCR (Expansion Method)
x
and the presence of water vapor and air in the confined space.
D6897 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Liquefied Petro-
leum Gases (LPG) (Expansion Method)
1.6 This test method is not applicable to liquefied petroleum
gases or fuels containing oxygenated compounds other than E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-
methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE). For determination of the vapor
pressure of liquefied petroleum gases, refer to Test Method eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
D1267 or Test Method D6897. For determination of the vapor
2.2 Energy Institute Standards:
pressure of gasoline-oxygenate blends, refer to Test Method
IP 481 Test Method for Determination of the Air Saturated
3
D4953. The precision for crude oil has not been determined
Vapour Pressure (ASVP) of Crude Oil
since the early 1950s (see Note 3). Test Method D6377 has
been approved as a method for determination of vapor pressure
3. Terminology
of crude oil. IP 481 is a test method for determination of the
3.1 Definitions:
air-saturated vapor pressure of crude oil.
3.1.1 Bourdon spring gauge, n—pressure measuring device
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
that employs a Bourdon tube connected to an indicator.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3.1.2 Bourdon tube, n—flattened metal tube bent to a curve
only.
that straightens under internal pressure.
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D02.08 on Volatility. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved April 1, 2015. Published May 2015. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1930. Last previous edition approved in 2008 (2014) as D323 – 08 Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,
(2014). DOI: 10.1520/D0323-15. U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ------------
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D323 − 08 (Reapproved 2014) D323 − 15
Standard Test Method for
1
Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D323; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determination of vapor pressure (see Note 1) of gasoline, volatile crude oil, and
other volatile petroleum products.
1.2 Procedure A is applicable to gasoline and other petroleum products with a vapor pressure of less than 180 kPa (26 psi).
1.3 Procedure B may also be applicable to these other materials, but only gasoline was included in the interlaboratory test
program to determine the precision of this test method.
1.4 Procedure C is for materials with a vapor pressure of greater than 180 kPa (26 psi).
1.5 Procedure D for aviation gasoline with a vapor pressure of approximately 50 kPa (7 psi).
NOTE 1—Because the external atmospheric pressure is counteracted by the atmospheric pressure initially present in the vapor chamber, the Reid vapor
pressure is an absolute pressure at 37.8°C (100°F)37.8 °C (100 °F) in kilopascals (pounds-force per square inch). The Reid vapor pressure differs from
the true vapor pressure of the sample due to some small sample vaporization and the presence of water vapor and air in the confined space.
1.6 This test method is not applicable to liquefied petroleum gases or fuels containing oxygenated compounds other than methyl
t-butyl ether (MTBE). For determination of the vapor pressure of liquefied petroleum gases, refer to Test Method D1267 or Test
Method D6897. For determination of the vapor pressure of gasoline-oxygenate blends, refer to Test Method D4953. The precision
for crude oil has not been determined since the early 1950s (see Note 3). Test Method D6377 has been approved as a method for
determination of vapor pressure of crude oil. IP 481 is a test method for determination of the air-saturated vapor pressure of crude
oil.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in Sections 7 and 18, and 12.5.3, 15.5, 21.2, A1.1.2, A1.1.6, and
A2.3.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1267 Test Method for Gage Vapor Pressure of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases (LP-Gas Method)
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum Products, and Lubricants
D4953 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method)
D6377 Test Method for Determination of Vapor Pressure of Crude Oil: VPCR (Expansion Method)
x
D6897 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG) (Expansion Method)
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermometers with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.08 on Volatility.
Current edition approved June 1, 2014April 1, 2015. Published July 2014May 2015. Originally approved in 1930. Last previous edition approved in 2008 (2014) as
D323D323 – 08 (2014).–08. DOI: 10.1520/D0323-08R14.10.1520/D0323-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D323 − 15
2.2 Energy Institute Standards:
3
IP 481 Test Method for Determination of the Air Saturated V
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.