ASTM C128-01

Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Fine Aggregate

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the average density of a quantity of fine aggregate particles (not including the volume of voids between the particles), the relative density (specific gravity), and the absorption of the fine aggregate. Depending on the procedure used, the density, in kg/m3 (lb/ft3) is expressed as oven-dry (OD), saturated-surface-dry (SSD), or as apparent density. Likewise, relative density (specific gravity), a dimensionless quality, is expressed as OD, SSD, or as apparent relative density (apparent specific gravity). The OD density and OD relative density are determined after drying the aggregate. The SSD density, SSD relative density, and absorption are determined after soaking the aggregate in water for a prescribed duration.
1.2 This test method is used to determine the density of the essentially solid portion of a large number of aggregate particles and provides an average value representing the sample. Distinction is made between the density of aggregate particles as determined by this test method, and the bulk density of aggregates as determined by Test Method C 29/C 29M, which includes the volume of voids between the particles of aggregates.
1.3 This test method is not intended to be used for lightweight aggregates.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard for conducting the tests. The test results for density shall be reported in either SI units or inch-pound units, as appropriate for the use to be made of the results.
1.5 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this test method.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Aug-2001
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.20 - Aggregates

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C128-97 - Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Fine Aggregate
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Replaced By: ASTM C128-01e1 - Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Fine Aggregate
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C637-20 - Standard Specification for Aggregates for Radiation-Shielding Concrete
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6995-21 - Standard Test Method for Determining Field VMA Based on the Maximum Specific Gravity of an Asphalt Mixture (G<inf>mm</inf>)
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C604-18(2023) - Standard Test Method for True Specific Gravity of Refractory Materials by Gas-Comparison Pycnometer
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6932/D6932M-21 - Standard Guide for Materials and Construction of Open-Graded Friction Course Plant Asphalt Mixtures
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C566-19 - Standard Test Method for Total Evaporable Moisture Content of Aggregate by Drying
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C404-18 - Standard Specification for Aggregates for Masonry Grout
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C192/C192M-19 - Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D3910-21 - Standard Practices for Design, Testing, and Construction of Slurry Seal
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C1810/C1810M-22 - Standard Guide for Comparing Performance of Concrete-Making Materials Using Mortar Mixtures
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C127-15 - Standard Test Method for Relative Density (Specific Gravity) and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C1761/C1761M-23 - Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregate for Internal Curing of Concrete
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E3355-23 - Standard Guide for Characterization of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) in Storage Area(s) for Beneficial Use
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C1800/C1800M-16 - Standard Test Method for Determining Density of Roller-Compacted Concrete Specimens Using the Gyratory Compactor
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: C 128 – 01
Standard Test Method for
Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption
1
of Fine Aggregate
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 128; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope * responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the average
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
density of a quantity of fine aggregate particles (not including
the volume of voids between the particles), the relative density
2. Referenced Documents
(specific gravity), and the absorption of the fine aggregate.
3 3 2.1 ASTM Standards:
Depending on the procedure used, the density, in kg/m (lb/ft )
C 29/C 29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”)
is expressed as oven-dry (OD), saturated-surface-dry (SSD), or
2
and Voids in Aggregate
as apparent density. Likewise, relative density (specific grav-
2
C 70 Test Method for Surface Moisture in Fine Aggregate
ity), a dimensionless quality, is expressed as OD, SSD, or as
C 125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete
apparent relative density (apparent specific gravity). The OD
2
Aggregates
density and OD relative density are determined after drying the
C 127 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
aggregate. The SSD density, SSD relative density, and absorp-
2
Gravity) and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
tion are determined after soaking the aggregate in water for a
3
C 188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic Cement
prescribed duration.
C 566 Test Method for Total Evaporable Moisture Content
1.2 This test method is used to determine the density of the
2
of Aggregate by Drying
essentially solid portion of a large number of aggregate
C 670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
particles and provides an average value representing the
2
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
sample. Distinction is made between the density of aggregate
C 702 Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregate to
particles as determined by this test method, and the bulk
2
Testing Size
density of aggregates as determined by Test Method C 29/
4
D 75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
C 29M, which includes the volume of voids between the
2.2 AASHTO Standard:
particles of aggregates.
AASHTO No. T 84 Specific Gravity and Absorption of Fine
1.3 This test method is not intended to be used for light-
5
Aggregates
weight aggregates.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3. Terminology
standard for conducting the tests. The test results for density
3.1 Definitions:
shall be reported in either SI units or inch-pound units, as
3.1.1 absorption, n—the increase in mass of aggregate due
appropriate for the use to be made of the results.
to water penetrating into the pores of the particles, during a
1.5 The text of this test method references notes and
prescribed period of time but not including water adhering to
footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and
the outside surface of the particles, expressed as percentage of
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
the dry mass.
considered as requirements of this test method.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
3
Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.
4
C09.20 on Normal Weight Aggregates. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03.
5
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2001. Published October 2001. Originally Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation
published as C 128–36. Last previous edition C 128–97. Officials, 444 North Capitol St. N.W., Suite 225, Washington, DC 20001.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
C128–01
3.1.2 oven-dry (OD), adj—related to aggregate particles, placement of water in Test Method C 70. Relative density
the
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