ASTM D1298-99(2005)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Accurate determination of the density, relative density (specific gravity), or API gravity of petroleum and its products is necessary for the conversion of measured volumes to volumes or masses, or both, at the standard reference temperatures during custody transfer.
This test method is most suitable for determining the density, relative density (specific gravity), or API gravity of low viscosity transparent liquids. This test method can also be used for viscous liquids by allowing sufficient time for the hydrometer to reach equilibrium, and for opaque liquids by employing a suitable meniscus correction.
When used in connection with bulk oil measurements, volume correction errors are minimized by observing the hydrometer reading at a temperature close to that of the bulk oil temperature.
Density, relative density (specific gravity), or API gravity is a factor governing the quality and pricing of crude petroleum. However, this property of petroleum is an uncertain indication of its quality unless correlated with other properties.
Density is an important quality indicator for automotive, aviation and marine fuels, where it affects storage, handling and combustion.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination using a glass hydrometer, of the density, relative density (specific gravity), or API gravity of crude petroleum, petroleum products, or mixtures of petroleum and nonpetroleum products normally handled as liquids, and having a Reid vapor pressure of 101.325 kPa (14.696 psi) or less.
1.2 Values are measured on a hydrometer at either the reference temperature or at another convenient temperature, and readings corrected to the reference temperature by means of the Petroleum Measurement Tables; values obtained at other than the reference temperature being hydrometer readings and not density measurements.
1.3 Values determined as density, relative density, or API gravity can be converted to equivalent values in the other units at alternate reference temperatures by means of the Petroleum Measurement Tables.
1.4 Annex A1 contains a procedure for verifying or certifying the equipment for this test method.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D1298 – 99 (Reapproved 2005)
Designation: Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS), Chapter 9.1
Designation: 160/99
Standard Test Method for
Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), or API Gravity
of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
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Hydrometer Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1298; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (ϵ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination 2.1 ASTM Standards:
using a glass hydrometer, of the density, relative density D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
(specificgravity),orAPIgravityofcrudepetroleum,petroleum D323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-
products, or mixtures of petroleum and nonpetroleum products ucts (Reid Method)
normally handled as liquids, and having a Reid vapor pressure D1250 GuideforUseofthePetroleumMeasurementTables
of 101.325 kPa (14.696 psi) or less. D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
1.2 Values are measured on a hydrometer at either the D3117 Test Method for WaxAppearance Point of Distillate
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reference temperature or at another convenient temperature, Fuels
and readings corrected to the reference temperature by means D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
of the Petroleum MeasurementTables; values obtained at other Petroleum Products (API MPMS Chapter 8.1)
than the reference temperature being hydrometer readings and D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
not density measurements. Petroleum Products (API MPMS Chapter 8.2)
1.3 Values determined as density, relative density, or API D5854 PracticeforMixingandHandlingofLiquidSamples
gravity can be converted to equivalent values in the other units ofPetroleumandPetroleumProducts(API MPMSChapter
at alternate reference temperatures by means of the Petroleum 8.3)
Measurement Tables. E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
1.4 AnnexA1 contains a procedure for verifying or certify- E100 Specification for ASTM Hydrometers
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ing the equipment for this test method. 2.2 API Standards:
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the MPMS Chapter 8.1 Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the Petroleum Products (ASTM Practice D4057)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- MPMS Chapter 8.2 Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- Petroleum Products (ASTM Practice D4177)
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and theAPI Committee on Petroleum Measure- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
ment, and is the direct responsibility of D02.02 /COMQ on Hydrocarbon Measure- the ASTM website.
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ment for Custody Transfer (Joint ASTM-API). Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2005. Published December 2005. Originally on www.astm.org.
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approved in 1953. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D1298–99 . DOI: Published as Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards.Available from the
10.1520/D1298-99R05. American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L St., NW, Washington, DC 20005.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D1298 – 99 (2005)
MPMSChapter8.3 MixingandHandlingofLiquidSamples appropriate hydrometer, also at a similar temperature, is
of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (ASTM Practice lowered into the test portion and allowed to settle. After
D5854) temperature equilibrium has been reached, the hydrometer
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2.3 Institute of Petroleum Standards: scale is read, and the temperature of the test portion is taken.
IP 389 Determination of wax appearance temperature The observed hydrometer reading is reduced to the reference
(WAT) of middle distillate fuels by differential thermal temperaturebymeansofthePetroleumMeasurementTables.If
analysis (DTA) or differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) necessary, the hydrometer cylinder and its contents are placed
IPStandardMethodsBook, AppendixA,Specification
...
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