ASTM D8274-20a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Biodiesel (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters) Content in Diesel Fuel Oil by Portable Rapid Mid-Infrared Analyzer
Standard Test Method for Determination of Biodiesel (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters) Content in Diesel Fuel Oil by Portable Rapid Mid-Infrared Analyzer
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Biodiesel is a fuel commodity primarily used as a blending component with diesel fuel. It is important to check the concentration of biodiesel in the diesel fuel in order to verify it is within limits or does not exceed the maximum allowable limit.
5.2 This test method is applicable for quality control in the production and distribution of diesel fuel and biodiesel blends.
5.3 This test is simple to run, completed in less than one minute, with no dilution of the test sample, no cleaning solvents are required, and the analyzer is portable and self-contained.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the content of biodiesel (fatty acid methyl esters (FAME)) in diesel fuel oils for volume fractions of 0.1 % to 31.0 % by mid-infrared analyzer with a resolution of 0.1 %.
Note 1: ASTM and ISO specification fuels falling within the scope of this test method include Specifications: D975 grades No. 1D and No. 2D, D7467, distillate grades of D396, MIL-DTL-16884, and distillate grades of marine fuel specification ISO 8217.
1.2 The accuracy of this test method is based on the molecular weight of C16 and C18 FAME species.
1.2.1 Discussion—Biodiesel contains a variety of species with different molecular weights. Typical market FAMEs from North America and Europe, which are predominantly soy, rapeseed, and used cooking oil derived FAME were included in the pilot study. FAME derived from coconut, which predominantly contains C12, will over-read by approximately 30 %.
1.3 This method cannot distinguish between vegetable oils, animal fats, FAEE, compounds containing carbonyl groups, and FAME. For more information, see Section 6.
1.4 This test method has interim repeatability precision only, see Section 14 for more information.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D8274 − 20a
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Biodiesel (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters)
Content in Diesel Fuel Oil by Portable Rapid Mid-Infrared
1
Analyzer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8274; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the content
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
of biodiesel (fatty acid methyl esters (FAME)) in diesel fuel
oils for volume fractions of 0.1 % to 31.0 % by mid-infrared
2. Referenced Documents
analyzer with a resolution of 0.1 %.
2
NOTE 1—ASTM and ISO specification fuels falling within the scope of 2.1 ASTM Standards:
this test method include Specifications: D975 grades No. 1D and No. 2D,
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and
D7467, distillate grades of D396, MIL-DTL-16884, and distillate grades
Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
of marine fuel specification ISO 8217.
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
1.2 The accuracy of this test method is based on the
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
molecular weight of C16 and C18 FAME species.
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
1.2.1 Discussion—Biodiesel contains a variety of species
ity)
with different molecular weights. Typical market FAMEs from
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel
North America and Europe, which are predominantly soy,
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
rapeseed,andusedcookingoilderivedFAMEwereincludedin
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
the pilot study. FAME derived from coconut, which predomi-
ucts by Hydrometer Method
nantly contains C12, will over-read by approximately 30 %.
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
1.3 This method cannot distinguish between vegetable oils,
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
animal fats, FAEE, compounds containing carbonyl groups,
Petroleum Products
and FAME. For more information, see Section 6.
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
1.4 This test method has interim repeatability precision
Fuels, and Lubricants
only, see Section 14 for more information.
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Petroleum Products
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as
standard.
Analytical Standards
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
Measurement System Performance
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products,
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
D6751 Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100)
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
for Middle Distillate Fuels
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
D7371 Test Method for Determination of Biodiesel (Fatty
AcidMethylEsters)ContentinDieselFuelOilUsingMid
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee D02.04.0F on Absorption Spectroscopic Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2020. Published October 2020. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2019. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as D8274 – 20. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D8274-20A. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ------------------
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D8274 − 20 D8274 − 20a
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Biodiesel (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters)
Content in Diesel Fuel Oil by Portable Rapid Mid-Infrared
1
Analyzer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8274; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the content of biodiesel (fatty acid methyl esters (FAME)) in diesel fuel oils for
volume fractions of 0.1 % to 31.0 % by mid-infrared analyzer with a resolution of 0.1 %.
NOTE 1—ASTM and ISO specification fuels falling within the scope of this test method include Specifications: D975 grades No. 1D and No. 2D, D7467,
distillate grades of D396, MIL-DTL-16884, and distillate grades of marine fuel specification ISO 8217.
1.2 The accuracy of this test method is based on the molecular weight of C16 and C18 FAME species.
1.2.1 Discussion—Biodiesel contains a variety of species with different molecular weights. Typical market FAMEs from North
America and Europe, which are predominantly soy, rapeseed, and used cooking oil derived FAME were included in the pilot study.
FAME derived from coconut, which predominantly contains C12, will over-read by approximately 30 %.
1.3 It is not possible to This method cannot distinguish between vegetable oils, animal fats, FAEE, compounds containing carbonyl
groups, and FAME. For more information, see Section 6.
1.4 This test method has interim repeatability precision only, see Section 14 for more information.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.04.0F on Absorption Spectroscopic Methods.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2020Oct. 1, 2020. Published August 2020October 2020. Originally approved in 2019. Last previous edition approved in 20192020 as
D8274 – 19.D8274 – 20. DOI: 10.1520/D8274-20.10.1520/D8274-20A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D8274 − 20a
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as Analytical Standards
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Produ
...
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