ASTM F1972-16
(Guide)Standard Guide for Terminology Relating to Candles and Associated Accessory Items
Standard Guide for Terminology Relating to Candles and Associated Accessory Items
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is used to establish a set of definitions that allows manufacturers, consumers, retailers, and the scientific community to use a common language to define candles and associated accessory items.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide defines standard terms used to describe candles and associated accessory products.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
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Designation: F1972 − 16
Standard Guide for
Terminology Relating to Candles and Associated Accessory
1
Items
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1972; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.5 candle, n—one or more combustible wicks supported
by a material that constitutes a fuel which is solid, semi-solid,
1.1 This guide defines standard terms used to describe
or quasi-rigid at room temperature, 68° to 80°F (20 to 27°C);
candles and associated accessory products.
it can also contain additives that are used for color, scent,
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
stability,ortomodifytheburningcharacteristics;thecombined
as standard. The values given in parentheses are for informa-
function of which is to sustain a light-producing flame.
tion only.
3.1.5.1 altar candle, n—candle that is constructed,
2. Referenced Documents packaged, and labeled as an altar candle.
2 (1) Discussion—The candle is used in a place of worship in
2.1 ASTM Standards:
close proximity to the altar during the religious service or
E136 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a Vertical
ceremony. F2417
Tube Furnace at 750°C
3.1.5.2 birthday candle, n—candle or candle ensemble
F2058 Specification for Candle Fire Safety Labeling
whose sole purpose is to be used on a birthday cake. F2417
F2326 Test Method for Collection and Analysis of Visible
Emissions from Candles as They Burn
3.1.5.3 Easter, Paschal, sacramental candle, n—candle that
F2417 Specification for Fire Safety for Candles is constructed, packaged, and labeled as an Easter, Paschal, or
F2601 Specification for Fire Safety for Candle Accessories
sacramental candle (or some combination of these names, for
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2.2 NFPA Standard: example, Easter/Paschal), generally 43.2 cm (17.0 in.) or more
NFPA 909 Code for the Protection of Cultural Resources
in length.
(1) Discussion—The candle shall be displayed and burned in
3. Terminology
the place of worship as the focal candle during Easter or with
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
the celebration of various sacraments. The candle is adorned
3.1.1 base material, n—intended fuel source for candle
with symbols and ornamentation as required and deemed
flame. F2417
appropriate. F2417
3.1.2 burn cycle, n—the length of time from when the
3.1.5.4 filled candle, n—a candle produced and used within
candle is lit to when the candle is manually extinguished
the same vessel. F2058
(typically 4 hours). F2326
3.1.5.5 freestanding candle, n—a rigid candle (for example,
3.1.3 burn period, n—the total length of time a candle is
pillar-shaped,column-shaped,orfigurine)thatisintendedtobe
burned to complete the specified test. F2326 burned only on a heat–resistant, noncombustible surface or on
a heat-resistant, noncombustible candle accessory.
3.1.4 burn time, n—time interval a test specimen supports
sustained flaming combustion after removal of the ignition
3.1.5.6 non-freestanding birthday candle, n—any candle or
source until all flaming ceases. F2601 candle ensemble that does not include pyrotechnics and is
designed and marketed for use with birthday cakes and does
1
not comply with the stability requirements in Section 4.4 of
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer
Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.45 on Candle
F2417, Safety Requirements for Stability. F2417
Products.
3.1.5.7 taper candle, n—a slender candle produced to be
Current edition approved May 1, 2016. Published May 2016. Originally
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as F1972 – 13. DOI:
used with a candle accessory for support.
10.1520/F1972-16.
3.1.5.8 tealight candle, n—a cylindrical filled candle pro-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
duced with a diameter and height of approximately 1.5 in. (38
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
mm) and 0.75 in. (19 mm) respectively
the ASTM website.
3 3.1.5.9 votive candle, n—a candle produced for use fully
Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch
Park, Quincy, MA 02269-9101. within a candle accessory, specifically, a votive holder.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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F1972 − 16
3.1.6 candle accessory, n—object designed for use with a 3.1.19 gel type candle, n—a candle where the primary
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1972 − 13 F1972 − 16
Standard Guide for
Terminology Relating to Candles and Associated Accessory
1
Items
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1972; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide defines standard terms used to describe candles and associated accessory products.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E136 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750°C
F2058 Specification for Candle Fire Safety Labeling
F2326 Test Method for Collection and Analysis of Visible Emissions from Candles as They Burn
F2417 Specification for Fire Safety for Candles
F2601 Specification for Fire Safety for Candle Accessories
3
2.2 NFPA Standard:
NFPA 909 Code for the Protection of Cultural Resources
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 base material, n—intended fuel source for candle flame. F2417
3.1.2 burn cycle, n—the length of time from when the candle is burned during one test day. For this test, a burn cycle is 4 h
(see Specificationlit to when the candle is manually extinguished (typically 4 F2417).hours). F2326
3.1.3 burn period, n—the total length of time thea candle is burned over the duration of the test. For this test, the burn period
will be 16 h.to complete the specified test. F2326
3.1.4 burn time, n—time interval a test specimen supports sustained flaming combustion after removal of the ignition source
until all flaming ceases. F2601
3.1.5 candle, n—one or more combustible wicks supported by a material that constitutes a fuel which is solid, semi-solid, or
quasi-rigid at room temperature, 68° to 80°F (20 to 27°C); it can also contain additives that are used for color, scent, stability, or
to modify the burning characteristics; the combined function of which is to sustain a light-producing flame.
3.1.5.1 altar candle, n—candle that is constructed, packaged, and labeled as an altar candle.
(1) Discussion—The candle is used in a place of worship in close proximity to the altar during the religious service or ceremony.
F2417
3.1.5.2 birthday candle, n—candle or candle ensemble whose sole purpose is to be used on a birthday cake. F2417
3.1.5.3 Easter, Paschal, sacramental candle, n—candle that is constructed, packaged, and labeled as an Easter, Paschal, or
sacramental candle (or some combination of these names, for example, Easter/Paschal), generally 43.2 cm (17.0 in.) or more in
length.
(1) Discussion—The candle shall be displayed and burned in the place of worship as the focal candle during Easter or with the
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.45 on Candle Products.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2013May 1, 2016. Published January 2014May 2016. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20052013 as
ε1
F1972 – 05F1972 – 13. . DOI: 10.1520/F1972-13.10.1520/F1972-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269-9101.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1972 − 16
celebration of various sacraments. The candle is adorned with symbols and ornamentation as required and deemed appropriate.
F2417
3.1.5.4 filled candle, n—a candle produced and used within the same vessel. F2058
3.1.5.5 freestanding candle, n—a rigid candle (for example, pillar-shaped, column-shaped, or figurine) that is intended to be
burned only on a heat–resistant, noncombustible surface or on a heat-resistant, noncombustible candle accessory.
3.1.5.6 non-freestanding birthday candle, n—any candle or candle ensemble that does not include pyrotechnics and is designed
and marketed for use with birthday cakes and does not comply with the stability requirements in Section 4.4 of
...
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