ASTM C940-98a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Expansion and Bleeding of Freshly Mixed Grouts for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory
Standard Test Method for Expansion and Bleeding of Freshly Mixed Grouts for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the amount of expansion and accumulation of bleed water at the surface of freshly mixed hydraulic-cement grout used in the production of preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.
1.2 It is for use with cement grout whether or not it includes fine aggregate or mineral admixtures or both.
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: C 940 – 98a
Standard Test Method for
Expansion and Bleeding of Freshly Mixed Grouts for
Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 940; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 5. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method determines the amount of expansion 5.1 This method is useful for determining the expansion and
and accumulation of bleed water at the surface of freshly mixed bleeding characteristics of freshly mixed fluid grout used in PA
hydraulic-cement grout used in the production of preplaced- concrete.
aggregate (PA) concrete.
6. Interferences
1.2 It is for use with cement grout whether or not it includes
6.1 Failure to obtain a uniformly smooth mixture, free of
fine aggregate or mineral admixtures or both.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as lumps, will cause excessive bleeding and may result in reduced
expansion.
standard.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, opera- 6.2 The capability of most admixtures to produce expansion
and the tendency to bleed is related to the temperature of the
tions, and equipment. This standard does not purport to
address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its grout during the period of test.
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
7. Apparatus
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
7.1 Glass Graduate, 1000 mL, reading to 10 mL.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
7.2 Glass Graduate, 25 mL, reading to 1 mL.
2. Referenced Documents
7.3 Thermometer, accurate to 0.5°C (1°F) for measuring
grout and air temperature.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C 125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete
2 8. Test Sample
Aggregates
8.1 The grout test sample shall consist of approximately
C 937 Specification for Grout Fluidifier for Preplaced-
1500 mL and shall be representative of the grout in the mixer.
Aggregate Concrete
9. Procedure
3. Terminology
9.1 When sampling and testing are being performed in the
3.1 Definition of Terms—Terms used in this test method are
laboratory for the purpose of designing or comparing mixtures
defined in Terminology C 125 or in this section.
or for qualifying admixtures including grout fluidifiers proceed
3.1.1 expansion—increase in the volume of a grout, ex-
in the following manner:
pressed as a percentage of the original volume of the grout.
9.1.1 Maintain the ambient temperature of the room in
3.1.2 bleeding—This term is defined as stated in Terminol-
which the test is performed at 23.0 6 2°C (73.4 6 3°F), unless
ogy C 125, with the exception that it pertains to grout in this
otherwise specified.
test method.
9.1.2 Bring the temperature of all dry materials and mixing
4. Summary of Test Method
water to a constant temperature of 23.0 6 2°C (73.4 6 3°F)
4.1 Grout is placed in a graduated cylinder. Changes in total before mixing, unless otherwise specified.
9.1.3 Start volume measurements within 3 min of comple-
volume and accumulation of bleed water, if any, on the surface
of the grout are observed over a period of time. tion of mixing.
9.2 When sampling and testing are being performed in the
field, record the temperature of the grout sample and the
1 ambient temperature of the area in which the test readings are
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-9 on Concrete
and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.41 on made. Record the time interval between completion of mixing
Concrete for Radiation Shielding.
and start of test.
Current edition approved May 10, 1998. Published December 1998. Originally
9.3 Immediately after the completion of mixing, measure
published as C 940 – 81. Last previous edition C 940 – 98.
the temperature of the grout. Then introduce the grout into a
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
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