ASTM C940-98a(2003)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Expansion and Bleeding of Freshly Mixed Grouts for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory
Standard Test Method for Expansion and Bleeding of Freshly Mixed Grouts for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This method is useful for determining the expansion and bleeding characteristics of freshly mixed fluid grout used in PA concrete.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the amount of expansion and accumulation of bleed water at the surface of freshly mixed hydraulic-cement grout used in the production of preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.
1.2 It is for use with cement grout whether or not it includes fine aggregate or mineral admixtures or both.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:C940–98a (Reapproved 2003)
Standard Test Method for
Expansion and Bleeding of Freshly Mixed Grouts for
Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C940; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.2 expansion—increase in the volume of a grout, ex-
pressed as a percentage of the original volume of the grout.
1.1 This test method determines the amount of expansion
andaccumulationofbleedwateratthesurfaceoffreshlymixed
4. Summary of Test Method
hydraulic-cement grout used in the production of preplaced-
4.1 Grout is placed in a graduated cylinder. Changes in total
aggregate (PA) concrete.
volume and accumulation of bleed water, if any, on the surface
1.2 It is for use with cement grout whether or not it includes
of the grout are observed over a period of time.
fine aggregate or mineral admixtures or both.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
5. Significance and Use
standard.
5.1 This method is useful for determining the expansion and
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, opera-
bleeding characteristics of freshly mixed fluid grout used in PA
tions, and equipment. This standard does not purport to
concrete.
address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
6. Interferences
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
6.1 Failure to obtain a uniformly smooth mixture, free of
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
lumps, will cause excessive bleeding and may result in reduced
expansion.
2. Referenced Documents
2 6.2 The capability of most admixtures to produce expansion
2.1 ASTM Standards:
and the tendency to bleed is related to the temperature of the
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
grout during the period of test.
gregates
C937 Specification for Grout Fluidifier for Preplaced-
7. Apparatus
Aggregate Concrete
7.1 Glass Graduate, 1000 mL, reading to 10 mL.
7.2 Glass Graduate, 25 mL, reading to 1 mL.
3. Terminology
7.3 Thermometer, accurate to 0.5°C (1°F) for measuring
3.1 Definition of Terms—Terms used in this test method are
grout and air temperature.
defined in Terminology C125 or in this section.
3.1.1 bleeding—This term is defined as stated in Terminol-
8. Test Sample
ogyC125,withtheexceptionthatitpertainstogroutinthistest
8.1 The grout test sample shall consist of approximately
method.
1500 mL and shall be representative of the grout in the mixer.
9. Procedure
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
9.1 When sampling and testing are being performed in the
C09.41 on Concrete for Radiation Shielding.
laboratory for the purpose of designing or comparing mixtures
Current edition approved May 10, 1998. Published December 1998. Originally
or for qualifying admixtures including grout fluidifiers proceed
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as C940 – 98a. DOI:
10.1520/C0940-98AR03.
in the following manner:
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
9.1.1 Maintain the ambient temperature of the room in
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
which the test is performed at 23.0 6 2°C (73.4 6 3°F), unless
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. otherwise specified.
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C940–98a (2003)
V
9.1.2 Bring the temperature of all dry materials and mixing
w
Final bleeding, %5 3100
V
water to a constant temperature of 23.0 6 2°C (73.4 6 3°F) 1
before mixing, unless otherwise specified.
where:
9.1.3 Start volume measurements within 3 min of comple-
V = volume of sample at beginning of test, mL,
tion of mixing.
V = volume of sample at prescribe
...
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