ASTM C896-21a

Standard Terminology Relating to Clay Products

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2021
• ICS: 01.040.91 - Construction materials and building (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 91.100.15 - Mineral materials and products
• Technical Committee: C04 - Vitrified Clay Pipe
• Drafting Committee: C04.10 - Editorial

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C896 − 21a
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Clay Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C896; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Referenced Documents bedding—the materials, their placement, consolidation, and
2 configuration, as designed to support, and to develop field
1.1 ASTM Standards:
supporting strength of vitrified clay pipe.
C301 Test Methods for Vitrified Clay Pipe
C700 Specification for Vitrified Clay Pipe, Extra Strength,
bell—the flared-end portion of a vitrified clay pipe or fitting,
Standard Strength, and Perforated
designed to function in the joining of other such pipe.
beveled pipe—a pipe with an end angled to mate with a
2. Terminology
complimentary pipe end or adjust to another surface.
angular joint deflection—the amount of deviation from a
blister—a convex, raised area on the pipe surface indicating an
straight line that results when a pipe joint connection is
internal separation.
displaced axially. Angular joint deflection values can be
expressedasanangleordistancemeasuredininchesperfoot
body—See pipe body.
(mm per meter) of pipe length from straight alignment.
boulder—a particle of rock that will not pass a 12-in.
(305-mm) square opening.
approving authority—the individual official, board,
department, or agency established and authorized by a state,
chip—a small piece of broken-off material, or the location
county, city, or other political subdivision, created by law to
where a small piece of the unit material has been broken off.
administer and enforce specified requirements.
clay—an earthy or stony mineral aggregate consisting essen-
backfill—all the material used to fill the trench from bedding
tially of hydrous silicates of alumina, plastic when suffi-
to finished surface.
ciently pulverized and wetted, rigid when dry, and vitreous
when fired to a sufficiently high temperature.
backfill, final—material used to fill the trench from initial
backfill to finished surface.
closure—See compression joint.
cobble—a particle of rock that will pass a 12-in. (305-mm)
backfill, initial—material used to fill the trench from top of
square opening and be retained on a 3-in. (76-mm) U.S.
bedding to a designated height over the pipe.
standard sieve.
backfill, unconsolidated—non-compacted material in place in
compaction—densification of soil by means of mechanical
the trench.
manipulation.
barrel—the cylindrical portion of a vitrified clay pipe exclu-
compression coupling—See compression joint.
sive of branches, spurs, joints, and handling rings or lugs.
compression disk—a disk of compressible material placed
bearing strength—the non-destructive limit of pipe load, as
between the ends of adjacent pipe for the purpose of
determinedby3-edgebearingtestmethod,usedtodetermine
distributing the jacking force.
field supporting strength.
compression joint—a joint designed so that a sealing action is
obtained by compressing elastomeric components.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C04 on conduit—a pipe for conveying fluid.
Vitrified Clay Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C04.10 on
consolidation—the gradual reduction in volume of backfill
Editorial.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2021. Published December 2021. Originally
matter to achieve stability.
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as C896 – 21. DOI:
10.1520/C0896-21A.
constant weight—the condition of a substance in which all
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
volatile components have been vaporized, and repeated
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
exposure to a specified temperature, for any period of time,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. causes no change in weight.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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C896 − 21a
controlled low strength material (CLSM)—flowable low haunch—the areas bordered by the barrel outside diameter, the
compressive strength cementitious material used in the pipe vertical tangents from the pipe springline and the horizontal
zone as a bedding material. Also referred to as controlled tangents from the bottom of the pipe. See detail:
density fill, flowable fill, slurry, or lean concrete.
crack—an irregular separation with well-defined sharp edges
visible on the surface of a pipe.
deadload—the load imposed on pipe, that is determined by
depth and width of the trench
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C896 − 21 C896 − 21a
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Clay Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C896; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 ASTM Standards:
C301 Test Methods for Vitrified Clay Pipe
C700 Specification for Vitrified Clay Pipe, Extra Strength, Standard Strength, and Perforated
2. Terminology
angular joint deflection—the amount of deviation from a straight line that results when a pipe joint connection is displaced
axially. Angular joint deflection values can be expressed as an angle or distance measured in inches per foot (mm per meter)
of pipe length from straight alignment.
approving authority—the individual official, board, department, or agency established and authorized by a state, county, city,
or other political subdivision, created by law to administer and enforce specified requirements.
backfill—all the material used to fill the trench from bedding to finished surface.
backfill, final—material used to fill the trench from initial backfill to finished surface.
backfill, initial—material used to fill the trench from top of bedding to a designated height over the pipe.
backfill, unconsolidated—non-compacted material in place in the trench.
barrel—the cylindrical portion of a vitrified clay pipe exclusive of branches, spurs, joints, and handling rings or lugs.
bearing strength—the non-destructive limit of pipe load, as determined by 3-edge bearing test method, used to determine field
supporting strength.
bedding—the materials, their placement, consolidation, and configuration, as designed to support, and to develop field
supporting strength of vitrified clay pipe.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C04 on Vitrified Clay Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C04.10 on Editorial.
Current edition approved April 1, 2021Dec. 1, 2021. Published April 2021December 2021. Originally approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 20202021 as
ɛ1
C896 – 20C896 – 21. . DOI: 10.1520/C0896-21.10.1520/C0896-21A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C896 − 21a
bell—the flared-end portion of a vitrified clay pipe or fitting, designed to function in the joining of other such pipe.
beveled pipe—a pipe with an end angled to mate with a complimentary pipe end or adjust to another surface.
blister—a convex, raised area on the pipe surface indicating an internal separation.
body—See pipe body.
boulder—a particle of rock that will not pass a 12-in. (305-mm) square opening.
chip—a small piece of broken-off material, or the location where a small piece of the unit material has been broken off.
clay—an earthy or stony mineral aggregate consisting essentially of hydrous silicates of alumina, plastic when sufficiently
pulverized and wetted, rigid when dry, and vitreous when fired to a sufficiently high temperature.
closure—See compression joint.
cobble—a particle of rock that will pass a 12-in. (305-mm) square opening and be retained on a 3-in. (76-mm) U.S. standard
sieve.
compaction—densification of soil by means of mechanical manipulation.
compression coupling—See compression joint.
compression disk—a disk of compressible material placed between the ends of adjacent pipe for the purpose of distributing the
jacking force.
compression joint—a joint designed so that a sealing action is obtained by compressing elastomeric components.
2

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C896 − 21a
conduit—a pipe for conveying fluid.
consolidation—the gradual reduction in volume of backfill matter to achieve stability.
constant weight—the condition of a substance in which all volatile components have been vaporized, and repeated exposure
to a specified temperature, for any period of time, causes no change in weight.
controlled low strength material (CLSM)—flowable low compressive strength cementitious material used in the pipe zone as
a bedding material. Also r
...