ASTM D7712-18
(Terminology)Standard Terminology for Sampling and Analysis of Asbestos
Standard Terminology for Sampling and Analysis of Asbestos
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology standard is a collective vocabulary relating to sampling and analysis of asbestos. As a convenience to general interest, it contains most of the standard terms, definitions, and nomenclature under the jurisdiction of Committee D22.
1.2 Many of the entries in this terminology are copied (with attribution) from the standards of origin referenced in Section 2. The standards of origin are noted in bold type at the right margin of the applicable definition.
1.3 Certain terms in the common language that comprise multiple concepts are included herein with the definition specific to standards and practices of Committee D22.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7712 − 18
Standard Terminology for
1
Sampling and Analysis of Asbestos
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7712; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Surface Loading by Transmission Electron Microscopy
D6620 Practice for Asbestos Detection Limit Based on
1.1 This terminology standard is a collective vocabulary
Counts
relatingtosamplingandanalysisofasbestos.Asaconvenience
D7200 Practice for Sampling and CountingAirborne Fibers,
to general interest, it contains most of the standard terms,
Including Asbestos Fibers, in Mines and Quarries, by
definitions, and nomenclature under the jurisdiction of Com-
Phase Contrast Microscopy and Transmission Electron
mittee D22.
Microscopy
1.2 Many of the entries in this terminology are copied (with
D7201 Practice for Sampling and CountingAirborne Fibers,
attribution) from the standards of origin referenced in Section
Including Asbestos Fibers, in the Workplace, by Phase
2. The standards of origin are noted in bold type at the right
Contrast Microscopy (with an Option of Transmission
margin of the applicable definition.
Electron Microscopy)
D7390 Guide for Evaluating Asbestos in Dust on Surfaces
1.3 Certain terms in the common language that comprise
multiple concepts are included herein with the definition by Comparison Between Two Environments
2.2 Government Standards:
specific to standards and practices of Committee D22.
USGS Open-File Report 02-458 Tabulation of Asbestos-
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
Related Terminology
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3. Terminology
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
acicular,adj—theshapeshownbyanextremelyslendercrystal
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
with cross-sectional dimensions that are small relative to its
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
length, that is, needle-like. D6281
2. Referenced Documents
activity generated aerosol, n—a dispersion of particles in air
2.1 ASTM Standards:
that have become airborne due to physical disturbances such
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
as human activity, sweeping, airflow, etc. D7390
Atmospheres
amphibole, n—a group of more than 60 different silicate
D5755 TestMethodforMicrovacuumSamplingandIndirect
minerals with similar crystal structures and complex com-
Analysis of Dust by Transmission Electron Microscopy
positions that conform to the nominal formula:
for Asbestos Structure Number Surface Loading
D5756 TestMethodforMicrovacuumSamplingandIndirect
A B C T O OH,F,Cl
~ !
021 2 5 8 22
2
Analysis of Dust by Transmission Electron Microscopy
2
where:
for Asbestos Mass Surface Loading (Withdrawn 2017)
A = K, Na, Ca;
D6281 Test Method for Airborne Asbestos Concentration in
2+
B =Fe , Mn, Mg, Ca, Na;
Ambient and Indoor Atmospheres as Determined by
3+ 2+
C = Al, Cr, Ti, Fe , Mg, Fe ; and
TransmissionElectronMicroscopyDirectTransfer(TEM)
3+
Mn and T = Si, Al, Cr, Fe ,Ti.
D6480 Test Method forWipe Sampling of Surfaces, Indirect
In some varieties of amphibole, these elements can be
Preparation, and Analysis for Asbestos Structure Number
partially substituted by Li, Pb, Zn, Be, Ba, or Ni. Amphiboles
are characterized by a complex monoclinic or orthorhombic
1
This terminology standard is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22
structure that includes a double chain of T-O tetrahedra with a
onAirQualityandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD22.07onSampling
T:O ratio of approximately 4:11; a variable morphology that
and Analysis of Asbestos.
Current edition approved April 15, 2018. Published June 2018. Originally
ranges from columnar to prismatic to acicular to fibrous; and
ɛ1
approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D7712 – 11 .
good prismatic cleavage at angles of about 56 and 124°. The
DOI:10.1520/D7712-18.
2
cleavagemaynotbereadilyexhibitedbysmallcrystalsthatare
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. bound by irregular growth and fracture surfaces. D6281
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7712 − 18
amphibole asbestos, n—amphibole in an asbestiform habit. n—a collective term that describes a group of natu
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D7712 − 11 D7712 − 18
Standard Terminology for
1
Sampling and Analysis of Asbestos
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7712; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Editorial corrections were made to 1.3 in October 2016.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology standard is a collective vocabulary relating to sampling and analysis of asbestos. As a convenience to
general interest, it contains most of the standard terms, definitions, and nomenclature under the jurisdiction of Committee D22.
1.2 Many of the entries in this terminology are copied (with attribution) from the standards of origin referenced in Section 2.
The standards of origin are noted in bold type at the right margin of the applicable definition.
1.3 Certain terms in the common language that comprise multiple concepts are included herein with the definition specific to
standards and practices of Committee D22.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
D2946 Terminology for Asbestos and Asbestos–Cement Products
D5755 Test Method for Microvacuum Sampling and Indirect Analysis of Dust by Transmission Electron Microscopy for
Asbestos Structure Number Surface Loading
D5756 Test Method for Microvacuum Sampling and Indirect Analysis of Dust by Transmission Electron Microscopy for
2
Asbestos Mass Surface Loading (Withdrawn 2017)
D6281 Test Method for Airborne Asbestos Concentration in Ambient and Indoor Atmospheres as Determined by Transmission
Electron Microscopy Direct Transfer (TEM)
D6480 Test Method for Wipe Sampling of Surfaces, Indirect Preparation, and Analysis for Asbestos Structure Number Surface
Loading by Transmission Electron Microscopy
D6620 Practice for Asbestos Detection Limit Based on Counts
D7200 Practice for Sampling and Counting Airborne Fibers, Including Asbestos Fibers, in Mines and Quarries, by Phase
Contrast Microscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy
D7201 Practice for Sampling and Counting Airborne Fibers, Including Asbestos Fibers, in the Workplace, by Phase Contrast
Microscopy (with an Option of Transmission Electron Microscopy)
D7390 Guide for Evaluating Asbestos in Dust on Surfaces by Comparison Between Two Environments
2.2 Government Standards:
USGS Open-File Report 02-458 Tabulation of Asbestos-Related Terminology
3. Terminology
acicular, adj—the shape shown by an extremely slender crystal with cross-sectional dimensions that are small relative to its length,
that is, needle-like. D6281
actinolite asbestos, n—asbestiform variety of the monoclinic amphibole silicate minerals of the tremolite-actinolite series. D2946
1
This terminology standard is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.07 on Sampling and
Analysis of Asbestos.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2011April 15, 2018. Published October 2011June 2018. DOI:10.1520/D7712-11E01. Originally approved in 2011. Last previous edition
ɛ1
approved in 2011 as D7712 – 11 . DOI:10.1520/D7712-18.
2
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7712 − 18
activity generated aerosol, n—a dispersion of particles in air that have become airborne due to physical disturbances such as
human activity, sweeping, airflow, etc. D7390
amosite, n—the acronym assigned to grunerite asbestos, and derived from the name of the first developers of a major deposit of
this mineral. D2946
amphibole, n—a group of more than 60 different silicate minerals with similar crystal structures and complex compositions that
conform to the nominal formula:
A B C T O OH,F,Cl
~ !
021 2 5 8 22
2
where:
A = K, Na, Ca;
2+
B = Fe , Mn, Mg, Ca, Na;
3+ 2+
C = Al, Cr, Ti, Fe , Mg, Fe ;and
3+ 2+
C = Al, Cr, Ti, Fe , Mg, Fe ; and
3+
Mn
...
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