ASTM C709-03a
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Manufactured Carbon and Graphite
Standard Terminology Relating to Manufactured Carbon and Graphite
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An American National Standard
Designation:C709–03a
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Manufactured Carbon and Graphite
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 709; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
state to a rigid carbonaceous structure. Hence, the term cell will apply
across (or against) grain, n—the direction in a body with
to a carbon product.
preferred orientation due to forming stresses that has the
maximum c-axis alignment as measured in an X-ray diffrac-
cell count, n—in carbon and graphite technology, in closed-
tion test.
cell foams, the number of cells aligned in one plane in one
agglomerate, n—in manufactured carbon and graphite prod-
linear inch, as determined by stereoscopic image analysis.
uct technology, a composite particle containing a number of
cell size, n—in carbon and graphite technology, the average
grains.
diameter of the cells in the final foam product.
ash, n—in carbon and graphite technology, the residue re-
closed cell, n—in carbon and graphite technology, a cell
maining after oxidation of a carbon or graphite.
totally enclosed by its walls and hence not interconnected
binder, n—a substance, usually an organic material such as
with other cells. A closed cell foam is a foam consisting
coal tar pitch or petroleum pitch, used to bond the coke or
predominantly of closed cells.
other filler material prior to baking.
coke, n—a carbonaceous solid produced from coal, petroleum,
carbon, n—an element, number 6 of the periodic table of
or other materials by thermal decomposition with passage
2 2 2
elements, electronic ground state 1s 2s 2p .
through a plastic state.
carbon, n—in carbon and graphite technology, an artifact
compressive strength, n—a property of solid material that
consisting predominantly of the element carbon and possess-
indicates its ability to withstand a uniaxial compressive load.
ing limited long range order.
defect, n—of a manufactured carbon or graphite product, any
irregularity in the chemistry, microstructure, or macrostruc-
DISCUSSION—The presence of limited long range order is usually
associated with low electrical and thermal conductivity and difficult ture.
machinability when compared with graphite.
defective, adj—having flaws or dimensional deviations greater
than acceptable for the intended use.
carbon foam, n—in carbon and graphite technology, a porous
electrographite, n—in carbon and graphite technology, a
carbon product containing regularly shaped, predominantly
synonym for manufactured graphite.
concave, homogeneously dispersed cells which interact to
extruded, v—formedbybeingforcedthroughashapingorifice
form a three-dimensional array throughout a continuum
as a continuous body.
material of carbon, predominantly in the non-graphitic state.
filler, n—in manufactured carbon and graphite product tech-
The final result is either an open or closed cell product.
nology, carbonaceous particles comprising the base aggre-
DISCUSSION—In most foam, the cell wall thickness is less than half
gate in an unbaked green-mix formulation.
the average cell size.
flaw, n—a defect sufficiently greater than those typical of the
morphology of a carbon or graphite body to influence a
cell (bubble), n—in carbon and graphite technology, a single
property.
small cavity formed by gaseous displacement in a precursor
flexural strength, n—a property of solid material that indi-
material in its plastic state, and surrounded completely by its
cates its ability to withstand a flexural or transverse load.
walls when formed. Cells can be open or closed.
flow line, n—a defect induced by discontinuous flow velocities
DISCUSSION—After processing at high temperatures, the basic struc-
during forming of molded or extruded bodies.
ture of the cell will remain even as the material converts from a plastic
grade, n—the designation given a material by a manufacturer
such that it is always reproduced to the same specifications
established by the manufacturer.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
grain, n—in manufactured (synthetic) carbon and graphite,a
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
particle of filler material (usually coke or graphite) in the
D02.F0 on Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Products.
starting mix formulation. Also referred to as granular mate-
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2003. Published November 2003. Originally
approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as C 709–03. rial, filler particle, or aggregate material. The term is also
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