ASTM E3302-23
(Guide)Standard Guide for PFAS Analytical Methods Selection
Standard Guide for PFAS Analytical Methods Selection
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides an overview of analytical methods, techniques, and procedures that may be used in determination of PFAS in environmental media.
4.2 This guide provides considerations relevant to the selection and application of PFAS analytical methods, techniques, and procedures, including the limitations of published analytical methods and the potential benefits and challenges of non-standard analytical approaches.
4.3 This guide presents comparisons of published analytical methods and approaches, including tabular comparison of target analyte lists and method features, to aid users in the selection and application of analytical methods and techniques for project-specific applications.
4.4 This guide describes qualitative techniques available to determine total PFAS, including explanation of terms, discussion of preparation and analytical techniques and limitations, conceptual overview schematic, and summary comparison table.
4.5 This guide provides current information on research trends in PFAS determination techniques applied to environmental media.
4.6 This guide provides an integrated framework that results in efficient, cost-effective decision-making for timely, appropriate response actions for PFAS-impacted environmental media.
4.7 This guide is not intended to replace or supersede federal, state, local, or international regulatory requirements. Instead, this guide may be used to complement and support such requirements.
4.8 This guide may be used by various parties involved in response actions for PFAS-impacted environmental media, including regulatory agencies, project sponsors, environmental consultants and contractors, site remediation professionals, analytical testing laboratories, data reviewers, data users, academic institutions, research institutes, and other stakeholders.
4.9 The users of this guide should consider assembling a team of experienced professionals with appropriate expertise to scope, plan, and execute PFA...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide discusses the selection and application of analytical methods and techniques used to identify and quantitate per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in environmental media. This guide provides a flexible, defensible framework applicable to a wide range of environmental programs. It is structured to support a tiered approach with analytical methods, procedures, and techniques of increasing complexity as the user proceeds through the evaluation process. This guide addresses key decision criteria and best practices to aid users in achieving project objectives. There are numerous technical decisions that must be made in the selection and application of analytical methods and techniques used during environmental data acquisition programs. It is not the intent of this guide to define appropriate technical decisions, but rather to provide technical support within existing decision frameworks.
1.2 This guide informs practitioners on the considerations relevant to the selection and application of analytical methods and techniques for the quantitative and qualitative determination of PFAS in a variety of environmental sample media. This guide encourages user-led collaboration with stakeholders, including analytical laboratories, data evaluation practitioners, and regulators, in the selection and application of analytical methods and techniques used to support project-specific decision criteria and objectives as applied within a particular environmental regulatory program. This guide recognizes the complexity and diversity of environmental programs and project objectives and provides technical guidance for a range of project applications.
1.3 This guide is intended to complement, not replace, existing regulatory requirements or guidance. ASTM International (ASTM) guides are not regulations; they are consensus-based standards that may be followed as needed.
1.4 This guide recognizes that PFAS can be catego...
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E3302 − 23
Standard Guide for
1
PFAS Analytical Methods Selection
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3302; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope than 4 700 Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS)-registered sub-
stances. Environmental concerns pertaining to PFAS are cen-
1.1 This guide discusses the selection and application of
tered primarily on the perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAA), a subclass
analytical methods and techniques used to identify and quan-
of PFAS, which display extreme persistence in the environ-
titate per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in environ-
ment and chain-length-dependent bioaccumulation and adverse
mental media. This guide provides a flexible, defensible
effects in biota.
framework applicable to a wide range of environmental pro-
grams. It is structured to support a tiered approach with
1.5 This guide recognizes that published analytical methods
analytical methods, procedures, and techniques of increasing
performed by commercial laboratories are limited to determi-
complexity as the user proceeds through the evaluation pro-
nation of a small subset of the more than 4 700 CAS-registered
cess. This guide addresses key decision criteria and best
PFAS.
practices to aid users in achieving project objectives. There are
1.6 The goal of this guide is to provide a technical frame-
numerous technical decisions that must be made in the selec-
work for informed selection and application of analytical
tion and application of analytical methods and techniques used
methods and techniques for the determination of target and
during environmental data acquisition programs. It is not the
non-target PFAS in environmental sample media.
intent of this guide to define appropriate technical decisions,
but rather to provide technical support within existing decision
1.7 This guide aids users in selecting PFAS analytical
frameworks.
methods for various environmental applications.
1.2 This guide informs practitioners on the considerations
1.8 This guide discusses existing published analytical meth-
relevant to the selection and application of analytical methods
ods for quantitative determination of method-specific lists of
and techniques for the quantitative and qualitative determina-
target analytes, as well as non-standard analytical approaches
tion of PFAS in a variety of environmental sample media. This
developed to qualitatively determine a broader range of PFAS,
guide encourages user-led collaboration with stakeholders,
for a variety of environmental applications. This guide also
including analytical laboratories, data evaluation practitioners,
provides an overview of research trends in this rapidly devel-
and regulators, in the selection and application of analytical
oping field.
methods and techniques used to support project-specific deci-
sion criteria and objectives as applied within a particular 1.9 This guide discusses the challenges and limitations of
environmental regulatory program. This guide recognizes the analytical methods and techniques in the detection and quan-
complexity and diversity of environmental programs and titation of the large, complex set of PFAS.
project objectives and provides technical guidance for a range
1.10 This guide describes widely accepted considerations
of project applications.
and best practices used in the selection and application of
1.3 This guide is intended to complement, not replace,
analytical procedures used during PFAS environmental pro-
existing regulatory requirements or guidance. ASTM Interna-
grams. This guide complements but does not replace existing
tional (ASTM) guides are not regulations; they are consensus-
technical guidance and regulatory requirements.
based standards that may be followed as needed.
1.11 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
1.4 This guide recognizes that PFAS can be categorized as
as the standard.
polymeric or nonpolymeric, collectively amounting to more
1.11.1 Other units, such as fractional units of parts per
billion and parts per trillion, are also included in this guide.
1
1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of the
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E50 on Environmental
Assessment, Risk Management and Corrective Action and is the direct responsibil-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ity of Subcommittee E50.04 on Corrective Action.
responsibilit
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E3302 − 22 E3302 − 23
Standard Guide for
1
PFAS Analytical Methods Selection
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3302; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide discusses the selection and application of analytical methods and techniques used to identify and quantitate per-
and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in environmental media. This guide provides a flexible, defensible framework applicable
to a wide range of environmentenvironmental programs. It is structured to support a tiered approach with analytical methods,
procedures, and techniques of increasing complexity as the user proceeds through the evaluation process. This guide addresses key
decision criteria and best practices to aid users in achieving project objectives. There are numerous technical decisions that must
be made in the selection and application of analytical methods and techniques used during environmental data acquisition
programs. It is not the intent of this guide to define appropriate technical decisions, but rather to provide technical support within
existing decision frameworks.
1.2 This guide informs practitioners on the considerations relevant to the selection and application of analytical methods and
techniques for the quantitative and qualitative determination of PFAS in a variety of environmental sample media. This guide
encourages user-led collaboration with stakeholders, including analytical laboratories, data evaluation practitioners, and regulators,
in the selection and application of analytical methods and techniques used to support project-specific decision criteria and
objectives as applied within a particular environmental regulatory program. This guide recognizes the complexity and diversity of
environmental programs and project objectives and provides technical supportguidance for a range of project applications.
1.3 This guide is intended to complement, not replace, existing regulatory requirements or guidance. ASTM International (ASTM)
guides are not regulations; they are consensus-based standards that may be followed as needed.
1.4 This guide recognizes that PFAS can be categorized as polymeric or nonpolymeric, collectively amounting to more than 4 700
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS)-registered substances. Environmental concerns pertaining to PFAS are centered primarily on
the perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAA), a subclass of PFAS, which display extreme persistence in the environment and chain-length-
dependent bioaccumulation and adverse effects in biota.
1.5 This guide recognizes that published analytical methods performed by commercial laboratories are limited to determination
of a small subset of the more than 4 700 CAS-registered PFAS.
1.6 The goal of this guide is to provide a technical framework for informed selection and application of analytical methods and
techniques for the determination of target and non-target PFAS in environmental sample media.
1.7 This guide aids users in selecting PFAS analytical methods for various environmental applications.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E50 on Environmental Assessment, Risk Management and Corrective Action and is the direct responsibility
of Subcommittee E50.04 on Corrective Action.
Current edition approved July 1, 2022Dec. 15, 2023. Published July 2022January 2024. Originally published in 2021. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as E3302–21.
DOI: 10.1520/E3302–2210.1520/E3302–23
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E3302 − 23
1.8 This guide discusses existing published analytical methods for quantitative determination of method-specific lists of target
analytes, as well as non-standard analytical approaches developed to qualitatively determine a broader range of PFAS, for a variety
of environmental applications. This guide also provides an overview of research trends in this rapidly developing field.
1.9 This guide discusses the challenges and limitations of analytical methods and techniques in the detection and quantitation of
the large, complex set of PFAS.
1.10 This guide describes widely accepted considerations and best practices used in the selection and app
...
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