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ASTM D2343-03

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Glass Fiber Strands, Yarns, and Rovings Used in Reinforced Plastics

Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Glass Fiber Strands, Yarns, and Rovings Used in Reinforced Plastics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Tensile properties determined by this test method are of value for identifying and characterizing materials for control and specification purposes as well as for providing data for research and development studies.
This test method is intended for use in testing resin-compatible sized glass fiber materials that have been designed specifically for use with certain generic types of plastics. The use of a resin impregnant that is compatible with the reinforcement material under test produces results that are most representative of the actual strength that is available in the material when used as intended in an end item. Premature reinforcement failure may occur if the elongation of the resin system is less than that of the reinforcement being tested. This requirement may restrict the use of certain resin systems in this procedure. Misleading results may be obtained when glass fiber materials are tested without complete resin impregnation of the fiber or when a non-compatible resin is used for impregnation.
This test method is useful for testing pretreated specimens for which comparative results are desired. Values obtained by this test method may be affected by gage length, gripping system, testing speed, and the resin impregnation ratio of the specimen.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the comparative tensile properties of glass fiber strands, yarns, and rovings in the form of impregnated rod test specimens when tested under defined conditions of pretreatment, temperature, humidity, and tension testing machine speed. This test method is applicable to continuous filament, glass fiber materials that have been coated with a resin compatible sizing. This method is intended for use in quality control and R D, and should not be used to develop composites design data.
Note 1—This method is technically equivalent to the short method described in ISO 9163.
Note 2—Prime consideration should be given to the use of a polymeric binder that produces specimens that yield the highest consistent values for the glass fiber material under test. Tensile properties may vary with specimen preparation, resin impregnation system, and speed and environment of testing. Consequently, where precise comparative results are desired, these factors must be carefully controlled.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
Note 3—Prime consideration should be given to the use of a polymeric binder that produces specimens that yield the highest consistent values for the glass fiber material under test. Tensile properties may vary with specimen preparation, resin impregnation system, and speed and environment of testing. Consequently, where precise comparative results are desired, these factors must be carefully controlled.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2003
ICS
59.100.10 - Textile glass materials
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.18 - Reinforced Thermosetting Plastics
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D2343-95 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Glass Fiber Strands, Yarns, and Rovings Used in Reinforced Plastics
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003
Replaced By
ASTM D2343-08 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Glass Fiber Strands, Yarns, and Rovings Used in Reinforced Plastics
Effective Date
01-Mar-2008
Referred By
ASTM D7745-19 - Standard Practice for Testing Pultruded Composites
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003

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ASTM D2343-03 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Glass Fiber Strands, Yarns, and Rovings Used in Reinforced PlasticsASTM D2343-03 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Glass Fiber Strands, Yarns, and Rovings Used in Reinforced Plastics
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ASTM D2343-03 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Glass Fiber Strands, Yarns, and Rovings Used in Reinforced Plastics
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 2343 – 03
Standard Test Method for
Tensile Properties of Glass Fiber Strands, Yarns, and
1
Rovings Used in Reinforced Plastics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2343; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the com- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
parative tensile properties of glass fiber strands, yarns, and D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
rovings in the form of impregnated rod test specimens when D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
tested under defined conditions of pretreatment, temperature, D 3039/D 3039M Test Method for Tensile Properties of
humidity, and tension testing machine speed. This test method Polymer Matrix Composite Material
is applicable to continuous filament, glass fiber materials that D 5083 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Reinforced
have been coated with a resin compatible sizing. This method Thermosetting Plastics Using Straight-Sided Specimens
isintendedforuseinqualitycontrolandR&D,andshouldnot E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
be used to develop composites design data. E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Test-
ing
NOTE 1—This method is technically equivalent to the short method
described in ISO 9163.
3. Terminology
NOTE 2—Prime consideration should be given to the use of a polymeric
3.1 Definitions:
binder that produces specimens that yield the highest consistent values for
the glass fiber material under test. Tensile properties may vary with 3.1.1 Definitions of terms and symbols relating to this test
specimen preparation, resin impregnation system, and speed and environ-
method appear in TerminologiesE6 and D 883.
ment of testing. Consequently, where precise comparative results are
desired, these factors must be carefully controlled.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
4.1 This test method consists of impregnating glass fiber
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
strands, yarns, or rovings with a suitable polymeric binder
only.
material and loading the resulting test specimens to failure in a
tension testing machine having a constant-rate-of crosshead
NOTE 3—Prime consideration should be given to the use of a polymeric
movement. The cross sectional area is determined from skeins
binder that produces specimens that yield the highest consistent values for
of glass fiber taken before and after each set of test specimens.
the glass fiber material under test. Tensile properties may vary with
specimen preparation, resin impregnation system, and speed and environ- After impregnation and curing, the specimens shall either be
ment of testing. Consequently, where precise comparative results are
tabbed using glass fiber mat or cardboard and tested with
desired, these factors must be carefully controlled.
standard grips; or the ends shall be sanded with 240 grit
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the sandpaper or fine emory cloth and tested using rubber faced
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the grips.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Significance and Use
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 Tensile properties determined by this test method are of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
value for identifying and characterizing materials for control
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
2
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.18 on Reinforced Thermoset- For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ting Plastics. contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnual Book ofASTM
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2003. Published January 2004. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 1995 as D 2343 - 95. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2343–03
and specification purposes as well as for providing data for 6.1.2 Tension Regulating System capable of maintaining the
research and development studies. roving or yarn under tension between 0.2 Newtons and 20
5.2
...

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5.1 Tensile properties determined by this test method are of value for identifying and characterizing materials for control and specification purposes as well as for providing data for research and development studies.  
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5.1 Glass fiber reinforcing meshes are used to strengthen EIFS. The reinforcing meshes are embedded into base coats that contain portland cement, which potentially exposes the glass fibers in the reinforcing meshes to weakening by the action of alkali. The breaking force following alkali exposure as determined by this method, is a factor used to comparatively evaluate the alkali resistance of EIFS glass fiber reinforcing meshes in the laboratory.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining the breaking force of glass fiber mesh following their conditioning in an alkali solution. The method is applicable to glass fiber mesh used in Class PB Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) with base coats that contain portland cement as an ingredient.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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5.2 This test method is intended for use in testing resin-compatible sized glass fiber materials that have been designed specifically for use with certain generic types of plastics. The use of a resin system that is compatible with the reinforcement material under test produces results that are most representative of the actual strength that is available in the material when used as intended in an end item. Premature reinforcement failures occur if the elongation of the resin system is less than that of the reinforcement being tested. It is critical to select a resin system that does not lead to premature reinforcement failure. Use of compatible resin system and complete resin impregnation is recommended to avoid invalid failures and misleading results.  
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This specification covers the requirements for continuous glass filament sewing thread and untreated and neoprene treated, continuous filament cord; intended to assist ultimate users by designing the types of these products that are typical in the industry. The fiber shall be electrical grade, free of any free alkali metal oxides, such as soda or potash, and foreign particle, dirt, and other impurities. The glass fiber cord or sewing thread shall be wound on tubes, spools, or cones and shall conform to the following requirements: filament diameter; yarn number; strand construction; twist direction; twist level; breaking strength; yarn diameter; twist balance; and ignition loss. The cord and the sewing thread shall also undergo visual examination to check for defects such as cut, spot or stain, and embedded foreign matter.
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SCOPE
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This specification primarily covers glass fabrics woven from "E" electrical continuous glass fiber rovings that are intended primarily as a reinforcing material in laminated plastics for structural use. The basic designation for glass woven roving fabric is by mass per unit area and is given in grams per square metre. The roving shall be continuous filament fiber, free of any free alkali, such as sodium or potassium metal salts and foreign particles, dirt, and other impurities. For the given woven roving fabrics, the average fabric count, average size-free yarn numbers, filament diameter, average mass per unit area, and fabric length shall conform to the requirements specified. For woven roving fabrics, the roving designations, strand construction, and fabric width shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier. For the given woven roving fabrics, the weave type shall be plain weave. The woven roving fabric shall be generally uniform in quality and condition, clean, smooth, and free of foreign particles and defects detrimental to fabrication, appearance, or performance. Woven roving fabric shall be furnished in rolls and shall be wound on spiral tubes.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification primarily covers glass fabrics woven from “E” electrical continuous glass fiber rovings that are intended primarily as a reinforcing material in laminated plastics for structural use.  
1.2 This specification specifies the terminology, definitions, general requirements, and physical requirements for woven roving glass fiber fabrics. This specification permits the application of sizing materials to the glass fiber roving during manufacture that helps facilitate weaving. When used as permitted in this specification, such materials are compatible with the resin matrix as specified in the contracting instrument.  
Note 1: Sizing materials on glass fiber yarns, in most cases, are removed by various cleaning procedures as a first stage in preparing a finished fabric. When these yarn sizing materials are removed during a cleaning procedure, they need not be compatible with the subsequent resin matrix.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems will result in nonconformance with the standard.
Note 2: This specification is one of a series to provide a substitute for the following Military Specifications:
MIL-Y-1140H Yarn, Cord, Sleeving, Cloth, and Tape-Glass
MIL-C-9084C Cloth, Glass Finished for Resin Laminates
MIL-C-19663C Cloth, Glass, Woven Roving for Plastic Laminates  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E2478-11(2022)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Determining Damage-Based Design Stress for Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (GFRP) Materials Using Acoustic Emission

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The damage-based design approach will permit an additional method of design for GFRP materials. This is a very useful technique to determine the performance of different types of resins and composition of GFRP materials in order to develop a damage tolerant and reliable design. This AE-based method is not unique, other damage-sensitive evaluation methods can also be used.  
5.2 This practice involves the use of acoustic emission instrumentation and examination techniques as a means of damage detection to support a destructive test, in order to derive the damage-based design stress.  
5.3 This practice is not intended as a definitive predictor of long-term performance of GFRP materials (such as those used in vessels). For this reason, codes and standards require cyclic proof testing of prototypes (for example, vessels) which are not a part of this practice.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice details procedures for establishing the direct stress and shear stress damage-based design values for use in the damage-based design criterion for materials to be used in GFRP vessels and other GFRP structures. The practice uses data derived from acoustic emission examination of four-point beam bending tests and in-plane shear tests (see ASME Section X, Article RT-8).  
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ASTM D4963/D4963M-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Ignition Loss of Glass Fiber Strands and Fabrics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments because current estimates of between-laboratory precision are acceptable.  
5.1.1 In cases of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and which are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing begins. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the view of the known bias.  
5.2 Glass fiber textiles are provided with various sizings or coatings. These provide a protection for the individual fibers, yarns, or fabric that may compose the glass fiber textile as well as compatibility with further finishing requirements. The amount of sizing or coating on glass fiber textiles as determined by this procedure is used for process control.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers primarily the determination of ignition loss of glass fiber textiles. This method applies to glass fiber strands, twisted or untwisted, coated or uncoated; and fabrics, woven, nonwoven, knitted, coated, and uncoated, and chopped strand. This procedure may be applied to other glass textiles where the amount of organic content obtained by ignition loss is required.
Note 1: This test method may be used with other glass fiber classifications, such as C or D, but a different ignition temperature and exposure time may be required. In these cases the manufacturer should be consulted for the appropriate ignition conditions.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
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ASTM
ASTM D3656/D3656M-13(2021)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Insect Screening and Louver Cloth Woven fromVinyl-Coated Glass Yarns

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for insect screening and louver cloth made from vinyl-coated glass yarns. Specifically covered here are: commercial standard vinyl-coated glass yarn insect screening designed and woven primarily for installation in or on any dwelling, patio, screening enclosure, building, or structure for the purpose of keeping out flies, mosquitoes, and most insects; and vinyl-coated glass yarn louver cloth used extensively in soffit and louver vents to keep out most large insects, birds, and airborne litter, while at the same time providing for adequate ventilation and air circulation. Products are produced in two basic classes (Classes 1 and 2) based on nominal thickness. Products shall be suitably tested and conform accordingly to specified requirements in tems of appearance, mesh, roll length, mass per unit area, flame resistance, fabric stability, bursting strength, stiffness index, and color stability to accelerated weathering.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for vinyl-coated glass yarn insect screening and louver cloth.  
1.2 This specification is intended to assist ultimate users by designating the sizes and types of these products that are generally available in the industry.  
1.3 This specification shows the terminology and requirements for:  
1.3.1 Commercial standard vinyl-coated glass yarn insect screening designed and woven primarily for installation in or on any dwelling, patio, screening enclosure, building, or structure for the purpose of keeping out flies, mosquitoes, and most insects.  
1.3.2 Vinyl-coated glass yarn louver cloth used extensively in soffit and louver vents to keep out most large insects, birds, and airborne litter, while at the same time providing for adequate ventilation and air circulation.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portions, Sections 8 – 19, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    6 pages
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