ASTM D3163-01(2008)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining Strength of Adhesively Bonded Rigid Plastic Lap-Shear Joints in Shear by Tension Loading
Standard Test Method for Determining Strength of Adhesively Bonded Rigid Plastic Lap-Shear Joints in Shear by Tension Loading
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Due to the increased use of adhesive-bonded plastics as a result of the inherent advantages afforded by bonded rather than mechanically fastened joints, particularly the alleviation of stress raisers and stress cracking, there is a need for standard tests by which joints of various plastic substrates and adhesives can be compared. This test method is intended to meet such a need.
This test method is limited to test temperatures below the softening point of the subject adherends, and is not intended for use on anisotropic adherends such as reinforced plastic laminates.
The misuse of strength values obtained from this test method as allowable design-stress values for structural joints could lead to product failure, property damage, and human injury. The apparent shear strength of an adhesive obtained from a given small single-lap specimen may differ from that obtained from a joint made with different adherends or by a different bonding process. The normal variation of temperature and moisture in the service environment causes the adherends and the adhesive to swell and shrink. The adherends and adhesive are likely to have different thermal and moisture coefficients of expansion. Even in small specimens, short-term environmental changes can induce internal stresses or chemical changes in the adhesive that permanently affect the apparent strength and other mechanical properties of the adhesive. The problem of predicting joint behavior in a changing environment is even more difficult if a different type of adherend is used in a larger structural joint than was used in the small specimen.
The apparent shear strength measured with a single-lap specimen is not suitable for determining allowable design stresses for designing structural joints that differ in any manner from the joints tested without thorough analysis and understanding of the joint and adhesive behaviors.
Single-lap tests may be used for comparing and selecting adhesives or bonding processes for susce...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended to complement Test Method D 1002 and extend its application to single-lap shear adhesive joints of rigid plastic adherends. The test method is useful for generating comparative shear strength data for joints made from a number of plastics. It can also provide a means by which several plastic surface treatments can be compared.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D3163 −01(Reapproved008)
Standard Test Method for
Determining Strength of Adhesively Bonded Rigid Plastic
1
Lap-Shear Joints in Shear by Tension Loading
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3163; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 ThistestmethodisintendedtocomplementTestMethod 4.1 Due to the increased use of adhesive-bonded plastics as
a result of the inherent advantages afforded by bonded rather
D1002 and extend its application to single-lap shear adhesive
joints of rigid plastic adherends. The test method is useful for than mechanically fastened joints, particularly the alleviation
of stress raisers and stress cracking, there is a need for standard
generating comparative shear strength data for joints made
from a number of plastics. It can also provide a means by tests by which joints of various plastic substrates and adhesives
can be compared. This test method is intended to meet such a
which several plastic surface treatments can be compared.
need.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
4.2 This test method is limited to test temperatures below
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
the softening point of the subject adherends, and is not
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
intended for use on anisotropic adherends such as reinforced
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
plastic laminates.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.3 The misuse of strength values obtained from this test
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
method as allowable design-stress values for structural joints
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
could lead to product failure, property damage, and human
2. Referenced Documents
injury. The apparent shear strength of an adhesive obtained
2
from a given small single-lap specimen may differ from that
2.1 ASTM Standards:
obtained from a joint made with different adherends or by a
D907 Terminology of Adhesives
different bonding process. The normal variation of temperature
D1002 Test Method for Apparent Shear Strength of Single-
and moisture in the service environment causes the adherends
Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten-
and the adhesive to swell and shrink. The adherends and
sion Loading (Metal-to-Metal)
adhesive are likely to have different thermal and moisture
D2093 Practice for Preparation of Surfaces of Plastics Prior
coefficients of expansion. Even in small specimens, short-term
to Adhesive Bonding
environmentalchangescaninduceinternalstressesorchemical
D4896 Guide for Use of Adhesive-Bonded Single Lap-Joint
changes in the adhesive that permanently affect the apparent
Specimen Test Results
strength and other mechanical properties of the adhesive. The
3. Terminology problem of predicting joint behavior in a changing environ-
ment is even more difficult if a different type of adherend is
3.1 Definitions—Many of the terms used in this test method
used in a larger structural joint than was used in the small
are defined in Terminology D907.
specimen.
4.3.1 The apparent shear strength measured with a single-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on lap specimen is not suitable for determining allowable design
AdhesivesandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD14.40onAdhesivesfor
stresses for designing structural joints that differ in any manner
Plastics.
from the joints tested without thorough analysis and under-
Current edition approved April 1, 2008. Published April 2008. Originally
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D3163 – 01. DOI: standing of the joint and adhesive behaviors.
10.1520/D3163-01R08.
4.3.2 Single-lap tests may be used for comparing and
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
selecting adhesives or bonding processes for susceptibility to
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
fatigue and environmental changes, but such comparisons must
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. be made with great caution since different adhesives may
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D3163−01(008)
respond differently in different joints. See Guide D4896 for treatment and adhesive used, the bond strength may often be
further dis
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D3163–96 Designation: D 3163 – 01 (Reapproved 2008)
Standard Test Method for
Determining Strength of Adhesively Bonded Rigid Plastic
1
Lap-Shear Joints in Shear by Tension Loading
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3163; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method is intended to complement Test Method D 1002 and extend its application to single-lap shear adhesive
joints of rigid plastic adherends. The test method is useful for generating comparative shear strength data for joints made from a
number of plastics. It can also provide a means by which several plastic surface treatments can be compared.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 907 Terminology of Adhesives
D 1002 TestMethodforApparentShearStrengthofSingle-Lap-JointAdhesivelyBondedMetalSpecimensbyTensionLoading
(Metal-to-Metal)
D 2093 Practice for Preparation of Surfaces of Plastics Prior to Adhesive Bonding
D 4896 Guide for Use of Adhesive-Bonded Single Lap-Joint Specimen Test Results
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Many of the terms used in this test method are defined in Terminology D 907.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Due to the increased use of adhesive-bonded plastics as a result of the inherent advantages afforded by bonded rather than
mechanically fastened joints, particularly the alleviation of stress raisers and stress cracking, there is a need for standard tests by
which joints of various plastic substrates and adhesives can be compared. This test method is intended to meet such a need.
4.2 This test method is limited to test temperatures below the softening point of the subject adherends, and is not intended for
use on anisotropic adherends such as reinforced plastic laminates.
4.3 The misuse of strength values obtained from this test method as allowable design-stress values for structural joints could
leadtoproductfailure,propertydamage,andhumaninjury.Theapparentshearstrengthofanadhesiveobtainedfromagivensmall
single-lap specimen may differ from that obtained from a joint made with different adherends or by a different bonding process.
The normal variation of temperature and moisture in the service environment causes the adherends and the adhesive to swell and
shrink. The adherends and adhesive are likely to have different thermal and moisture coefficients of expansion. Even in small
specimens, short-term environmental changes can induce internal stresses or chemical changes in the adhesive that permanently
affecttheapparentstrengthandothermechanicalpropertiesoftheadhesive.Theproblemofpredictingjointbehaviorinachanging
environment is even more difficult if a different type of adherend is used in a larger structural joint than was used in the small
specimen.
4.3.1 The apparent shear strength measured with a single-lap specimen is not suitable for determining allowable design stresses
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-14 on Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.40 on Adhesives for Plastics
.
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1996. Published November 1996. Originally published as D3163–73. Last previous edition D3163–92.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.40 on Adhesives for Plastics.
Current edition approved April 1, 2008. Published April 2008. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 3163 – 01.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.06.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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