ASTM D5687/D5687M-20
(Guide)Standard Guide for Preparation of Flat Composite Panels with Processing Guidelines for Specimen Preparation
Standard Guide for Preparation of Flat Composite Panels with Processing Guidelines for Specimen Preparation
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The techniques described in this guide, if properly used in conjunction with a knowledge of behavior of particular material systems, will aid in the proper preparation of consolidated laminates for mechanical property testing.
5.2 The techniques described are recommended to facilitate the consistent production of satisfactory test specimens by minimizing uncontrolled processing variance during specimen fabrication.
5.3 Steps 3 through 8 of the 8-step process may not be required for particular specimen or test types. If the specimen or test does not require a given step in the process of specimen fabrication, that particular step may be skipped.
5.4 A test specimen represents a simplification of the structural part. The test specimen's value lies in the ability of several sites to be able to test the specimen using standard techniques. Test data may not show identical properties to those obtained in a large structure, but a correlation can be made between test results and part performance. This may be due, in part, to the difficulty of creating a processing environment for test specimens that identically duplicates that of larger scale processes.
5.5 Tolerances are guidelines based on current lab practices. This guide does not attempt to give detailed instructions due to the variety of possible panels and specimens that could be made. The tolerances should be used as a starting reference from which refinements can be made.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides guidelines to facilitate the proper preparation of laminates and test specimens from fiber-reinforced organic matrix composite prepregs. The scope is limited to organic matrices and fiber reinforcement in unidirectional (tape) or orthagonal weave patterns. Other forms may require deviations from these general guidelines. Other processing techniques for test coupon preparation, for example, pultrusion, filament winding and resin-transfer molding, are not addressed.
1.2 Specimen preparation is modeled as an 8-step process that is presented in Fig. 1 and Section 8. Laminate consolidation techniques are assumed to be by press or autoclave. This practice assumes that the materials are properly handled by the test facility to meet the requirements specified by the material supplier(s) or specification, or both. Proper test specimen identification also includes designation of process equipment, process steps, and any irregularities identified during processing.
FIG. 1 8 Step Mechanical Test Data Model
Note 1: Material identification is mandatory. Continuous traceability of specimens is required throughout the process.
Process checks (Appendix X4) may be done at the end of each step to verify that the step was performed to give a laminate or specimen of satisfactory quality.
Steps 4 and 5 may be interchanged. For aramid fibers, step 5 routinely precedes step 4.
Steps 6, 7 and 8 may be interchanged.
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.3.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5687/D5687M − 20
Standard Guide for
Preparation of Flat Composite Panels with Processing
1
Guidelines for Specimen Preparation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5687/D5687M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1 This guide provides guidelines to facilitate the proper
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
preparation of laminates and test specimens from fiber-
reinforced organic matrix composite prepregs. The scope is
2. Referenced Documents
limited to organic matrices and fiber reinforcement in unidi-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
rectional(tape)ororthagonalweavepatterns.Otherformsmay
C297/C297MTest Method for Flatwise Tensile Strength of
require deviations from these general guidelines. Other pro-
Sandwich Constructions
cessing techniques for test coupon preparation, for example,
D123Terminology Relating to Textiles
pultrusion, filament winding and resin-transfer molding, are
D792Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
not addressed.
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
1.2 Specimen preparation is modeled as an 8-step process
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
that is presented in Fig. 1 and Section 8. Laminate consolida-
D2734TestMethodsforVoidContentofReinforcedPlastics
tion techniques are assumed to be by press or autoclave. This
D3163Test Method for Determining Strength ofAdhesively
practice assumes that the materials are properly handled by the
Bonded Rigid Plastic Lap-Shear Joints in Shear by Ten-
test facility to meet the requirements specified by the material
sion Loading
supplier(s) or specification, or both. Proper test specimen
D3171Test Methods for Constituent Content of Composite
identification also includes designation of process equipment,
Materials
process steps, and any irregularities identified during process-
D3531Test Method for Resin Flow of Carbon Fiber-Epoxy
ing.
Prepreg
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch- D3878Terminology for Composite Materials
pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The
D3990Terminology Relating to Fabric Defects
values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equiva- D4850Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test
lents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each
Methods
system shall be used independently of the other, and values D5229/D5229MTestMethodforMoistureAbsorptionProp-
from the two systems shall not be combined.
erties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix
1.3.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in Composite Materials
brackets.
E1237Guide for Installing Bonded Resistance Strain Gages
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3. Terminology
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 Definitions—Terminology D3878 defines terms relating
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
to high-modulus fibers and their composites. Terminology
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
D883 defines terms relating to plastics. Terminology D123
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
definestextile-relatedterms.TerminologyD4850definesterms
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
relating to fabric. In the event of a conflict between terms,
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Terminology D3878 shall have precedence over the other
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
standards.
3.2 Description of Terms Used in This Standard—Theterms
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on Composite
Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.04 on Lamina and
2
Laminate Test Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2020. Published November 2020. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D5687/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
D5687M–95(2015). DOI: 10.1520/D5687_D5687M-20. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 -------------------
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5687/D5687M − 95 (Reapproved 2015) D5687/D5687M − 20
Standard Guide for
Preparation of Flat Composite Panels with Processing
1
Guidelines for Specimen Preparation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5687/D5687M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide provides guidelines to facilitate the proper preparation of laminates and test specimens from fiber-reinforced
organic matrix composite prepregs. The scope is limited to organic matrices and fiber reinforcement in unidirectional (tape) or
orthagonal weave patterns. Other forms may require deviations from these general guidelines. Other processing techniques for test
coupon preparation, for example, pultrusion, filament winding and resin-transfer molding, are not addressed.
1.2 Specimen preparation is modeled as an 8-step process that is presented in Fig. 1 and Section 8. Laminate consolidation
techniques are assumed to be by press or autoclave. This practice assumes that the materials are properly handled by the test facility
to meet the requirements specified by the material supplier(s) or specification, or both. Identification and information gathering
guidelines are modeled after Guide E1309. Test specimens shall be directly traceable to material used as designated in Guide
E1434. Proper test specimen identification also includes designation of process equipment, process steps, and any irregularities
identified during processing.
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the
inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure
conformance with the standard, each system mustshall be used independently of the other. Combiningother, and values from the
two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. shall not be combined.
1.3.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C297/C297M Test Method for Flatwise Tensile Strength of Sandwich Constructions
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.04 on Lamina and Laminate
Test Methods.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015Oct. 1, 2020. Published December 2015November 2020. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20072015
as D5687/D5687M - 95D5687/D5687M – 95(2007).(2015). DOI: 10.1520/D5687_D5687M-95R15.10.1520/D5687_D5687M-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5687/D5687M − 20
NOTE 1—Material identification is mandatory. Continuous traceability of specimens is required throughout the process.
Process checks (Appendix X4) may be done at the end of each step to verify that the step was performed to give a laminate or specimen of satisfactory
quality.
Steps 4 and 5 may be interchanged. For aramid fibers, step 5 routinely precedes step 4.
Steps 6, 7 and 8 may be interchanged.
FIG. 1 8 Step Mechanical Test Data Model
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by Displacement
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D2734 Test Methods for Void Content of Rein
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.