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ASTM D4745-14

(Specification)

Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Filled Polytetrafluoroethlyene (PTFE) Molding and Extrusion Materials Using ASTM Methods

Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification
 for Filled Polytetrafluoroethlyene (PTFE) Molding and Extrusion Materials Using ASTM Methods

ABSTRACT
This specification covers polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) filled molding compounds made with virgin PTFE resins defined in a certain specification except Types I, IV, V, and VI. PTFE compounds are classified into two types which are Type I as the nonpelletized material use for general purpose compression molding and Type II as the pelletized or free-flowing material use for molding, automatic molding or ram extrusion. Each type is further classified into thirteen grades distinguished by the nature of the filler. Different tests shall be conducted in order to determine the following properties: filler content, bulk density, specific gravity, and tensile properties.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard classification system and basis for specification covers polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filled molding compounds made with virgin PTFE resins defined in Specification D4894, as Types II and III.
Note 1: This system can be used as a model for other PTFE compounds having particulate fillers that can survive the sintering temperatures of PTFE as can those listed in this standard. This system is restricted to virgin PTFE base resin for technical reasons. Recycled or reprocessed material cannot be processed successfully.
Note 2: The properties measured on commercially fabricated parts may differ from the listed values for samples prepared by the procedures given in this specification, depending on part geometry and processing parameters.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.3 The following statement applies to the test method portion, Section 11, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Note 5 for a specific warning statement.
Note 3: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Jul-2014
ICS
83.140.99 - Other rubber and plastics products
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.15 - Thermoplastic Materials
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4745-11ae1 - Standard Specification for Filled Compounds of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Molding and Extrusion Materials
Effective Date
01-Aug-2014
Replaced By
ASTM D4745-19 - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Filled Polytetrafluoroethlyene (PTFE) Molding and Extrusion Materials Using ASTM Methods
Effective Date
01-May-2019
Referred By
ASTM D4894-19 - Standard Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Granular Molding and Ram Extrusion Materials
Effective Date
01-Aug-2014
Referred By
ASTM D4000-23 - Standard Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials
Effective Date
01-Aug-2014

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ASTM D4745-14 - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification
 for Filled Polytetrafluoroethlyene (PTFE) Molding and Extrusion Materials Using ASTM MethodsASTM D4745-14 - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification
 for Filled Polytetrafluoroethlyene (PTFE) Molding and Extrusion Materials Using ASTM Methods
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D4745 −14
Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for
Filled Polytetrafluoroethlyene (PTFE) Molding and Extrusion
1
Materials Using ASTM Methods
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4745; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D1708TestMethodforTensilePropertiesofPlasticsbyUse
of Microtensile Specimens
1.1 This standard classification system and basis for speci-
D3892Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
fication covers polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filled molding
D4894 Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
compounds made with virgin PTFE resins defined in Specifi-
Granular Molding and Ram Extrusion Materials
cation D4894, as Types II and III.
IEEE/ASTM SI-10Standard for Use of the International
3
NOTE 1—This system can be used as a model for other PTFE
System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
compounds having particulate fillers that can survive the sintering
temperatures of PTFE as can those listed in this standard. This system is
3. Terminology
restricted to virgin PTFE base resin for technical reasons. Recycled or
reprocessed material cannot be processed successfully.
3.1 Definitions—The terminology given in Terminology
NOTE 2—The properties measured on commercially fabricated parts
D883 is applicable to this specification unless otherwise
may differ from the listed values for samples prepared by the procedures
specified.
given in this specification, depending on part geometry and processing
parameters.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.2.1 bulk density, n—themassinkilogramspercubicmetre
standard.
of resin compound measured under the conditions of the test.
1.3 The following statement applies to the test method 3.2.2 filled compound, n—blendofPTFEresinasthematrix
portion,Section11,ofthisspecification:This standard does not
and particulate fillers, generally glass, other inorganic,
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated metallic, or polymeric materials that withstand the sintering
with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard
temperature of PTFE (327 to 380°C).
to establish appropriate safety and health practices and
3.2.3 free-flow resins (pelletized), n—generally made by
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to
treatment of finely divided resins to produce free-flowing
use.See Note 5 for a specific warning statement.
agglomerates.
NOTE 3—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
3.2.4 lot, n—one production run.
3.2.5 pigmented compound, n—a compound in which a
2. Referenced Documents
pigment is added for colorant purposes only.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.6 standard flow resins (nonpelletized), n—finely divided
D792Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
resin with an average particle size less than 100 µm.
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
3.3 Abbreviations—Abbreviations are in accordance with
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
Terminology D1600. PTFE is the acronym for polytetrafluo-
D1600TerminologyforAbbreviatedTermsRelatingtoPlas-
roethylene.
tics
4. Classification
1
4.1 This specification covers the following two types of
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on
Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic
PTFE compounds:
Materials.
4.1.1 Type I—Standard flow resins (nonpelletized) material,
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2014. Published September 2014. Originally
ε01 for general-purpose compression molding.
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D4745-11a . DOI:
10.1520/D4745-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from ASTM International Headquarters, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,
the ASTM website. West Conshohocken, PA 19428
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4745−14
TABLE 1 TFE Compounds, Type I, Standard Flow (Nonpelletized)
Molded Parts (Molded and Sintered)
Raw Resin
Specific Gravity, Specific Gravity,
Grade Bulk Density, Tensile Strength
Elongation, min,
min max
min, g/L
%
min, MPa min, psi
1 15 % glass fiber 400 2.150 2.250 19.6 2840 220
2 25 % glass fiber 425 2.150 2.250
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D4745 − 11a D4745 − 14
Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for
Filled Compounds of Polytetrafluoroethylene
Polytetrafluoroethlyene (PTFE) Molding and Extrusion
1
Materials Using ASTM Methods
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4745; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Editorially corrected the text in Fig. 2 in January 2012.
1. Scope*
1.1 This standard classification system and basis for specification covers polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filled molding
compounds made with virgin PTFE resins defined in Specification D4894, as Types II and III.
NOTE 1—This specificationsystem can be used as a model for other PTFE compounds having particulate fillers that can survive the sintering
temperatures of PTFE as can those listed in this specification.standard. This specificationsystem is restricted to virgin PTFE base resin for technical
reasons. Recycled or reprocessed material cannot be processed successfully.
NOTE 2—The properties measured on commercially fabricated parts may differ from the listed values for samples prepared by the procedures given
in this specification, depending on part geometry and processing parameters.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.3 The following statement applies to the test method portion, Section 11, of this specification:This standard does not purport
to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.See Note 5 for a
specific warning statement.
NOTE 3—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by Displacement
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics
D1708 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics by Use of Microtensile Specimens
D3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
D4894 Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Granular Molding and Ram Extrusion Materials
3
IEEE/ASTM SI-10 Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—The terminology given in Terminology D883 is applicable to this specification unless otherwise specified.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 bulk density, n—the mass in kilograms per cubic metre of resin compound measured under the conditions of the test.
3.2.2 filled compound, n—blend of PTFE resin as the matrix and particulate fillers, generally glass, other inorganic, metallic,
or polymeric materials that withstand the sintering temperature of PTFE (327 to 380°C).
3.2.3 free-flow resins (pelletized), n—generally made by treatment of finely divided resins to produce free-flowing agglomerates.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic Materials.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011Aug. 1, 2014. Published December 2011September 2014. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20112012
ε01
as D4745 - 11.D4745 - 11a . DOI: 10.1520/D4745-11A.10.1520/D4745-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from ASTM International Headquarters, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4745 − 14
TABLE 1 TFE Compounds, Type I, Standard Flow (Nonpelletized)
Molded Parts (Molded and Sintered)
Raw Resin
Specific Gravity, Specific Gravity,
Grade Bulk Density, Tensile Strength
Elongation, min,
min max
min, g/L
%
min, MPa min, psi
1 15 % glass fiber 400 2.150 2.250 19.6 2840 220
2 25 % glass fiber 425 2.150 2.250 15.7 2270 180
3 35 % gla
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Molding and extruding plastic pellets require dust free, dry pellets to prevent processing problems. Plastic producers try to remove the dust and streamers with dust removal systems prior to packaging and loading. How to accurately measure dust and streamer content in plastic pellets is an important quality control issue.  
5.2 Particle size analysis is used to determine a percentage of particle size distribution from a representative sample of the whole. In terms of size analysis concerning plastic pellets, sieving is used to determine the dust content in the range of 500 to 2000 micron. Test Method D1921, Test Method B, is used to determine this type of particle sizing.  
5.3 After dry sieve analysis, particles smaller than 500 microns need to be analyzed by wet method. A fresh sample shall be used for wet analysis. This test method allows washing down the fines attached to the pellets by electrostatic forces.  
5.4 The wet analysis provides accurate quantification of small to large amounts of fines, negating static effects, and eliminating detrimental effects of mechanical agitation. A wet analysis must be employed to accurately quantify lower PPM dust levels in plastic pellets.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures the amount of fine particles adhered on plastic pellets or granules in which they are commonly produced and supplied. The lower limit of this test method is restricted only by the porosity of the filter disc used to capture the particle size being quantified.  
1.2 The wet analysis technique allows for separation and collection of statically charged particles by liquid wash and filtration methods. This must be performed under standard laboratory conditions.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.4 This test method describes an essential practice to check the quality of plastics once the production cycle is terminated and to evaluate the performance of pellet cleaning systems or of the special pneumatic conveying systems for the distinct size fractions below 500 micron only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D1562-22(Specification)
Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Cellulose Acetate Propionate Molding and Extrusion Compounds (CAP)

SCOPE
1.1 This classification system covers requirements for plasticized cellulose acetate propionate thermoplastic compounds suitable for injection molding and extrusion. These compounds have a propionyl content less than 48 % and an acetyl content less than 3 % and can contain dyes and pigments. Cellulosic plastic materials, being thermoplastic, are reprocessable and recyclable. This classification system allows for the use of those cellulosic materials, provided that all specific requirements of this classification system are met.  
1.2 The properties included in this classification system are those required to identify the compositions covered. Other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications are specified by using the suffixes as given in Section 5.  
1.3 This classification system and subsequent line call out specification are intended to provide a means of calling out plastic materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material selection can be made by those having expertise in the plastic field only after careful consideration of the design and performance required of the part, environment to which it will be exposed, fabrication process to be employed, costs involved, and inherent properties of the material other than those covered by this classification system.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 11, of this classification system. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D5336-22(Specification)
Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Polyphthalamide (PPA) Injection Molding Materials

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the classification, testing, and requirements of polyphthalamide (PPA) materials, both virgin and recycled, suitable for injection molding. This specification is intended to be a means of calling out plastics materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts, and not for the selection of materials. The materials are classified into groups according to crystallinity, and are further subdivided into classes and grades as specified. Materials shall be sampled, prepared, and conditioned appropriately for testing, for which specimens shall conform to specified values of the following requirements: inherent viscosity; melting temperature; glass transition; tensile strength; flexural strength and modulus; Izod impact strength; deflection temperature; and moisture.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification system covers polyphthalamide (PPA) materials suitable for injection molding.  
1.2 The properties included in this classification system are those required to identify the compositions covered. Other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications are to be specified by using suffixes as given in Section 5.  
1.3 This classification system allows for the use of recycled materials provided that all specification requirements are met.  
1.4 This classification system is intended to be a means of calling out plastics materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material selection can be made by those having expertise in the plastics field only after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the costs involved, and the inherent properties of the material other than those covered by this classification system.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard (see IEEE/ASTM SI-10). The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 11, of this classification system: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 11.7.1.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard. ISO 16396-1/-2 for polyamides may also be used to describe and classify these PPA materials, but the technical content is significantly different.
Note 2: ASTM Standard D6779 on polyamide materials also includes PPA materials in its coverage of various polyamide chemistries. This standard gives additional information for classification and specification for PPA compositions classified as Group 10 (PA6T/66), Group 12 (PA6T/6I/66) and Group 13 (PA6T/6I) in ASTM Standard D6779 and includes provisions for other PPA compositions to utilize the classification presented.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D3294-22(Specification)
Standard Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Resin Molded Sheet and Molded Basic Shapes

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the requirements and test methods for the material, dimensions, and workmanship, and the physical and electrical properties of molded sheet manufactured from polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) resin molding materials and molded basic shapes made from resin molding and extrusion materials. The sheet or molded basic shape shall be made from unpigmented PTFE and shall be free from foreign matters. Each of the samples shall undergo visual and dimensional inspection to verify their compliance with the standard requirements. The specimens shall conform to the following physical and electrical property requirements: tensile strength; elongation; dielectric strength; specific gravity; porosity; and melting point. Examination for internal defects shall also be conducted to ensure that the specimens are free from microscopic cracks, voids, inclusions, and other surface defects that might affect the serviceability of the materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes requirements and methods of test for the material, dimensions, and workmanship, and the physical and electrical properties of molded sheet in minimum thicknesses of 0.794 mm (1/32 in.) manufactured from PTFE resin molding materials defined in Specification D4894.  
1.2 This specification also establishes requirements for molded basic shapes made from molding materials. This specification is for products 300 mm (12 in.) or less in a dimension parallel to and 12.7 mm (0.5 in.) or greater in the dimension perpendicular to the direction of the applied molding pressure.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Special attention is called to 13.2, 13.3, 13.6, 13.8, and A1.  
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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