ASTM A745/A745M-15
(Practice)Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Austenitic Steel Forgings
Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Austenitic Steel Forgings
ABSTRACT
This test method deals with the procedures for the standard practice of performing contact, pulse-echo ultrasonic examination of austenitic steel forgings by the straight and angle beam techniques. This practice does not cover the ultrasonic examination of nonmagnetic retaining ring forgings. The instrument used for this test method shall be the electronic pulsed reflection type. Prior to examination, specimens shall be heat treated and machined to a rectangular, parallel, or concentric surface configuration, and its surface shall be free of extraneous material such as loose scale, paint, and dirt. Calibration of the apparatus shall be done by either the single-block method or distance-amplitude curve method. Choice of method to be employed shall be determined by the test metal distance involved. Quality levels for acceptance, established by the type and amount of indication present, are detailed thoroughly.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice2 covers straight and angle beam contact, pulse-echo ultrasonic examination of austenitic steel forgings produced in accordance with Practice A388/A388M and Specifications A965/A965M and A1049/A1049M.
1.2 Ultrasonic examination of nonmagnetic retaining ring forgings should be made to Practice A531/A531M rather than this practice.
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided for use at the option of the purchaser. The supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.
1.4 This practice is expressed in inch-pound and SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contract specifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the inch-pound units shall apply. The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the practice, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: A745/A745M − 15
Standard Practice for
1
Ultrasonic Examination of Austenitic Steel Forgings
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA745/A745M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* A531/A531M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of
2
Turbine-Generator Steel Retaining Rings
1.1 This practice covers straight and angle beam contact,
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-
pulse-echo ultrasonic examination of austenitic steel forgings
quirements
producedinaccordancewithPracticeA388/A388MandSpeci-
A965/A965M Specification for Steel Forgings, Austenitic,
fications A965/A965M and A1049/A1049M.
for Pressure and High Temperature Parts
1.2 Ultrasonic examination of nonmagnetic retaining ring
A1049/A1049M Specification for Stainless Steel Forgings,
forgings should be made to Practice A531/A531M rather than
Ferritic/Austenitic (Duplex), for Pressure Vessels and
this practice.
Related Components
E317 Practice for Evaluating Performance Characteristics of
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are
provided for use at the option of the purchaser. The supple- Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Testing Instruments and Systems
without the Use of Electronic Measurement Instruments
mentary requirements shall apply only when specified indi-
vidually by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract. E428 Practice for Fabrication and Control of Metal, Other
than Aluminum, Reference Blocks Used in Ultrasonic
1.4 This practice is expressed in inch-pound and SI units;
Testing
however, unless the purchase order or contract specifies the
2.2 American Society for Nondestructive Testing Docu-
applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the inch-
4
ment:
pound units shall apply. The values stated in either inch-pound
SNT-TC-1A RecommendedPracticeforNondestructivePer-
units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard.
sonnel Qualification and Certification
Within the practice, the SI units are shown in brackets. The
values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
3. Ordering Information
therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyoftheother.
3.1 When this practice is to be applied to an inquiry or
Combining values from the two systems may result in noncon-
purchase order, the purchaser shall furnish the following
formance with the standard.
information:
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.1 Quality level of examination (see Section 12).
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.2 Additional requirements to this practice.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.3 Applicability of supplementary requirements (see
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Supplementary Requirements section).
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.4 Supplementary requirements, if any.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2 When specified, the manufacturer shall submit an ex-
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
amination procedure for purchaser approval that shall include,
A388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel but not be limited to, a sketch of the configuration as presented
Forgings
for ultrasonic examination showing the surfaces to be scanned,
scanning directions, notch locations and sizes (if applicable),
1
extent of coverage (if applicable), and an instruction listing
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloysand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
calibration and inspection details and stage of manufacture.
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.
Current edition approved May 1, 2015. Published May 2015. Originally
4. Apparatus
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as A745/A745M – 12.
DOI: 10.1520/A0745_A0745M-15.
4.1 Electronic Apparatus—Apulse-echo instrument permit-
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-
ting inspection frequencies of 1, 2.25, and 5 MHz is required.
cation SA-745/SA-745M in Section II of that Code.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on AvailablefromAmericanSocietyforNondestructiveTesting(ASNT),P.O.Box
the ASTM website. 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohoc
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A745/A745M − 12 A745/A745M − 15
Standard Practice for
1
Ultrasonic Examination of Austenitic Steel Forgings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A745/A745M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This practice covers straight and angle beam contact, pulse-echo ultrasonic examination of austenitic steel forgings
produced in accordance with Practice A388/A388M and Specifications A965/A965M and A1049/A1049M.
1.2 Ultrasonic examination of nonmagnetic retaining ring forgings should be made to Practice A531/A531M rather than this
practice.
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided for use at the option of the purchaser. The supplementary
requirements shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.
1.4 This practice is expressed in inch-pound and SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contract specifies the applicable
“M” specification designation (SI units), the inch-pound units shall apply. The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the practice, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system
may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two
systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Forgings
A531/A531M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Turbine-Generator Steel Retaining Rings
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
A965/A965M Specification for Steel Forgings, Austenitic, for Pressure and High Temperature Parts
A1049/A1049M Specification for Stainless Steel Forgings, Ferritic/Austenitic (Duplex), for Pressure Vessels and Related
Components
E317 Practice for Evaluating Performance Characteristics of Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Testing Instruments and Systems without the
Use of Electronic Measurement Instruments
E428 Practice for Fabrication and Control of Metal, Other than Aluminum, Reference Blocks Used in Ultrasonic Testing
4
2.2 American Society for Nondestructive Testing Document:
SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Nondestructive Personnel Qualification and Certification
3. Ordering Information
3.1 When this practice is to be applied to an inquiry or purchase order, the purchaser shall furnish the following information:
3.1.1 Quality level of examination (see Section 12).
3.1.2 Additional requirements to this practice.
3.1.3 Applicability of supplementary requirements (see Supplementary Requirements section).
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloysand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.06 on
Steel Forgings and Billets.
Current edition approved March 1, 2012May 1, 2015. Published March 2012May 2015. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 20092012 as
A745/A745M – 94A745/A745M – 12. (2009). DOI: 10.1520/A0745_A0745M-12.10.1520/A0745_A0745M-15.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-745/SA-745M in Section II of that Code.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from the American Society for Nondestructive Testing, 1711 Arlingate Lane, Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228–0518.
43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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A745/A745M − 15
3.1.4 Supplementary requirements, if any.
3.2 When specified, the manufactur
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