ASTM A644-98
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Iron Castings
Standard Terminology Relating to Iron Castings
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Designation: A 644 – 98
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
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Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Iron Castings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 644; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
ausferrite, n—a cast iron matrix microstructure, produced by cementite, primary, n—cementite precipitated in cast iron
a controlled thermal process, which consists of predomi- during solidification. Also known as primary carbide. (See
nantly acicular ferrite and high carbon austenite. (See cementite.)
austempered ductile iron.) chill, n—an object, usually metal, imbedded in a portion of the
austempered ductile iron, n—a ductile cast iron that has been mold to accelerate the local rate of heat removal from the
produced by a controlled thermal process which results in a metal being cast.
matrix microstructure consisting of predominately acicular chill, v—to accelerate the freezing rate of cast iron, usually in
ferrite and high carbon austenite. a localized region, to refine the graphite structure or cause
austenitize, vt—to convert the matrix of a ferrous alloy to formation of primary carbides.
austenite by heating above the transformation temperature. chill, microstructural, n—a localized region of primary car-
batch, n—the component raw materials properly weighed, bides in a casting made from a cast iron that would normally
proportioned, and mixed for delivery to a processing unit. solidify free of primary carbides.
Also, the product output from a processing unit in which chilled iron, n—a cast iron that would normally solidify free of
there is essentially no product output until all component primary carbide which is purposely caused to solidify as
materials are charged and processed. white cast iron, locally or entirely, by accelerated cooling.
brittle fracture, n—fracture that occurs without appreciable compacted graphite iron, n—a cast iron that has been treated
plastic deformation of the material. in the liquid state so as to cause its graphitic carbon to occur
brittle fracture area, n—The fraction or percent of the in the compacted graphite shape in the as-cast condition.
fracture surface that formed by brittle fracture. (When (See graphite, compacted and graphite, spheroidal.)
observed with no or low magnification, brittle fracture confidence level, n—the probability, or expected percent of the
appears whiter and shinier than ductile fracture.) times, that the selected percent (P %) of the actual popula-
capability index (C ), n—for a stable process, the specifica- tion lies within the tolerance interval calculated from the
p
tion range divided by six times the standard deviation. data sample.
direct reduced iron, n—iron ores that have been reduced to
USL 2 LSL!
~
C 5
p essentially metallic iron by heat and reducing agents, but
6 3 s
without melting, and processed into suitable shapes (typi-
capability index (C ), n—for a stable process, the smaller of
pk
cally pellets) for use as a charge material in a melting
the upper capability index (CPU) or the lower capability
operation.
index (CPL).
dual metal, n—two metals of different composition that are
carbide, primary, n—carbide precipitated in cast iron during
fusion bonded at all interfacial surfaces by casting metal of
solidification.
one composition against metal of a second composition.
cast iron, n—a generic term for a series of alloys primarily of
ductile fracture, n—fracture that occurs with appreciable
iron, carbon, and silicon in which the carbon is in excess of
plastic deformation of the material.
the amount which can be retained in solid solution in
ductile fracture area, n—The fraction or percent of the
austenite at the eutectic temperature.
fracture surface that formed by ductile fracture. (When
cementite, n—a very hard and brittle compound of iron and
observed with no or low magnification, ductile fracture
carbon corresponding to the empirical formula Fe C, com-
3
appears grayer and duller than brittle fracture.)
monly known as iron carbide.
ductile iron, n—a cast iron that has been treated in the liquid
state so as to cause substantially all of its graphitic carbon to
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-4 on Iron occur as spheroids or nodules in the as-cast condition.
Castings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A04.91 on Editorial
ferritize, vt—to increase the quantity of ferrite
...
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