ASTM F1646-12
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Safety and Traction for Footwear
Standard Terminology Relating to Safety and Traction for Footwear
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology standard covers terminology used in safety and traction for footwear and related material.
1.2 Words adequately defined in standard dictionaries are not included. Included are words that are particular to this industry.
Note 1—The following standards are currently under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F13 on Safety and Traction for Footwear and are included in 2.1: Test Methods F489, F609, and F694; Practices F695 and F1637; and Guides F802 and F1240.
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Designation: F1646 − 12 AnAmerican National Standard
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Safety and Traction for Footwear
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1646; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Investigation, Evaluation and Incident Report Forms for
Slips, Stumbles, Trips, and Falls
1.1 This terminology standard covers terminology used in
F2508 Practice for Validation and Calibration of Walkway
safety and traction for footwear and related material.
Tribometers Using Reference Surfaces
1.2 Words adequately defined in standard dictionaries are
not included. Included are words that are particular to this
3. Terminology
industry.
adhesion, n—the tendency of one surface to adhere to another
NOTE1—Thefollowingstandardsarecurrentlyunderthejurisdictionof
surfacepriortomovementduetodwelltime,aswellasother
ASTM Committee F13 on Safety and Traction for Footwear and are
factors.
included in 2.1: Test Methods F489, F609, and F694; Practices F695 and
F1637; and Guides F802 and F1240.
arch, n—the bony framework of the foot extending from the
heel to the toes and sustained by the muscles and ligaments
2. Referenced Documents
in the form of an arch.Also, the bottom curve of a shoe last
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: from heel to ball.
D5859 Test Method for Determining the Traction of Foot-
barefoot, adv or adj—with the feet uncovered or unclothed;
wear on Painted Surfaces Using the Variable Incidence
without shoes or stockings.
3
Tester (Withdrawn 2005)
F489 Test Method for Using a James Machine (Withdrawn
bollard, n—a thick, low, short, post, often of iron or steel and
3
2005)
usually used in series, provided for the purpose of excluding
F609 Test Method for Using a Horizontal Pull Slipmeter
or diverting motor vehicles from a road, lawn, or path.
(HPS)
F1637
F694 Test Method for Heel-Attaching Strength of Women’s
3 breast, n—the forward or front face of a shoe heel.
Shoes (Withdrawn 2008)
F695 Practice for Ranking of Test Data Obtained for Mea-
calibration, n—the set of operations that establishes, under
surement of Slip Resistance of Footwear Sole, Heel, and
specified conditions, the relationship between the values
Related Materials
obtained by a walkway tribometer and the corresponding
F802 Guide for Selection of Certain Walkway Surfaces
supplier reference values. F2508
3
When Considering Footwear Traction (Withdrawn 2012)
carpet, n—permanently secured fibrous floor covering.
F1240 Guide for Ranking Footwear Bottom Materials on
DISCUSSION—Area rugs, mats, and runners are not considered to be
Contaminated Walkway Surfaces According to Slip Re-
carpet for the purpose of this practice. F1637
sistance Test Results
F1637 Practice for Safe Walking Surfaces
clean, n—free from visible or tactile contamination.
F1694 Guide for Composing Walkway Surface
coating, n—a layer of any substance intentionally applied to a
surface to modify its functional or decorative characteristics.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F13 on
coefficient-of-friction (COF or µ), n—a dimensionless num-
Pedestrian/Walkway Safety and Footwear and is the direct responsibility of
ber: the ratio of two forces acting at the interface of two
Subcommittee F13.91 on Editorial and Terminology.
contacting solid bodies. The force used in the numerator is
Current edition approved July 1, 2012. Published August 2012. Originally
´1
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as F1646 – 05 . DOI: parallel to the surfaces and the force used in the denominator
10.1520/F1646-12.
is perpendicular (normal) to the surfaces. See also dynamic
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
coeffıcient of friction.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
coefficient of friction (COF), n—the ratio of the horizontal
the ASTM website.
3
component of force (parallel to the walkway surface and
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. passing through the tester center of gravity) required to
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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F1646 − 12
overcome the friction to the normal component of the friction, n—resistance to the relative motion of one body
vertical force (weight) of the object. D5859 sliding, rolling, or flowing over another with which it is in
contact.
coefficient of friction, n—the
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
1
Designation:F1646–05 Designation: F1646 – 12
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Safety and Traction for Footwear
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1646; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
´ NOTE—Editorial changes were made throughout in September 2005.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology standard covers terminology used in safety and traction for footwear and related material.
1.2 Words adequately defined in standard dictionaries are not included. Included are words that are particular to this industry.
NOTE 1—The following standards are currently under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F13 on Safety and Traction for Footwear and are included
in 2.1: Test Methods F489, F609, and F694; Practices F695 and F1637; and Guides F802 and F1240.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5859 Test Method for Determining the Traction of Footwear on Painted Surfaces Using the Variable Incidence Tester
F489 Test Method for Using a James Machine
F609 Test Method for Using a Horizontal Pull Slipmeter (HPS)
F694 Test Method for Heel-Attaching Strength of Women’s Shoes
F695 Practice for Ranking of Test Data Obtained for Measurement of Slip Resistance of Footwear Sole, Heel, and Related
Materials
F802 Guide for Selection of Certain Walkway Surfaces When Considering Footwear Traction
F1240 Guide for Ranking Footwear Bottom Materials on Contaminated Walkway Surfaces According to Slip Resistance Test
Results
F1637 Practice for Safe Walking Surfaces
F1694 Guide for Composing Walkway Surface Investigation, Evaluation and Incident Report Forms for Slips, Stumbles, Trips,
and Falls Guide for Composing Walkway Surface Investigation, Evaluation and Incident Report Forms for Slips, Stumbles,
Trips, and Falls
F2508 Practice for Validation and Calibration of Walkway Tribometers Using Reference Surfaces
3. Terminology
adhesion, n—the tendency of one surface to adhere to another surface prior to movement due to dwell time, as well as other
factors.
arch, n—the bony framework of the foot extending from the heel to the toes and sustained by the muscles and ligaments in the
form of an arch. Also, the bottom curve of a shoe last from heel to ball.
barefoot, adv or adj—with the feet uncovered or unclothed; without shoes or stockings.
bollard, n—a thick, low, short, post, often of iron or steel and usually used in series, provided for the purpose of excluding or
diverting motor vehicles from a road, lawn, or path. F1637
breast, n—the forward or front face of a shoe heel.
calibration, n—the set of operations that establishes, under specified conditions, the relationship between the values obtained by
a walkway tribometer and the corresponding supplier reference values. F2508
carpet, n—permanently secured fibrous floor covering.
DISCUSSION—Area rugs, mats, and runners are not considered to be carpet for the purpose of this practice. F1637
clean, n—free from visible or tactile contamination.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F13 on Pedestrian/Walkway Safety and Footwear and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F13.91
on Editorial and Terminology.
Current edition approved MarchJuly 1, 2005.2012. Published March 2005.August 2012. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20032005 as
´1
F1646 – 035 . DOI: 10.1520/F1646-05E01. DOI: 10.1520/F1646-12.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1646 – 12
coating, n—a layer of any substance intentionally applied to a surface to modify its functional or decorative characteristics.
coefficient-of-friction (COF or µ), n—a dimensionless number: the ratio of two forces acting at the interface of two contacting
solid bodies. The force used in the numerator is parallel to the surfaces and the force used in the denominator is perpendicular
(normal) to the surfaces. See also dynamic coeffıcient of friction.
coefficient of friction (COF), n—the
...
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