ASTM A229/A229M-99

Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Oil-Tempered for Mechanical Springs

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two classes of oil-tempered steel spring wire intended especially for the manufacture of mechanical springs and wire forms.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI (metric) units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independent of the other.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Mar-1999
• ICS: 77.140.25 - Spring steels
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.03 - Steel Rod and Wire

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM A229/A229M-99(2005) - Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Oil-Tempered for Mechanical Springs
• Effective Date: 01-May-2005
• Referred By: ASTM A1000/A1000M-17(2023) - Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Carbon and Alloy Specialty Spring Quality
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1999
• Referred By: ASTM F1508-96(2021) - Standard Specification for Angle Style, Pressure Relief Valves for Steam, Gas, and Liquid Services
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1999

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A 229/A 229M – 99
Standard Specification for
Steel Wire, Oil-Tempered for Mechanical Springs
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA229/A229M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2.3 Military Standard:
MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products, Preparation for Ship-
1.1 This specification covers two classes of oil-tempered
ment and Storage
steel spring wire intended especially for the manufacture of
2.4 Federal Standard:
mechanical springs and wire forms.
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
1.2 The values stated in either SI (metric) units or inch-
2.5 AIAG Standard:
pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The
AIAGB-5 02.00 Primary Metals Identification TagApplica-
values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; there-
tion Standard
fore, each system must be used independent of the other.
3. Terminology
2. Referenced Documents
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.1 For definition of terms used in this specification, refer
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for MechanicalTesting
to Terminology A 941.
of Steel Products
A 510 Specification for General Requirements for Wire
4. Ordering Information
Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel
4.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify
A 510M Specification for General Requirements for Wire
all requirements that are necessary for material under this
Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel [Metric]
specification. Such requirements may include, but are not
A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading
limited to, the following:
Methods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment
4.1.1 Quantity (mass or weight),
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
2 4.1.2 Name of material (oil-tempered steel mechanical
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
spring wire) and class (Table 1 or Table 2),
A 941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-
2 4.1.3 Dimensions (Section 10),
lated Alloys and Ferroalloys
4.1.4 Chemical composition (Table 3), if required,
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
4 4.1.5 Packaging (Section 16),
Determine Conformance with Specifications
4.1.6 Cast or heat analysis report, if desired (see 7.2),
E 1077 Test Methods for Estimating the Depth of Decar-
4 4.1.7 Certification or test report, or both, if specified (Sec-
burization of Steel Specimens
tion 15), and
2.2 American National Standard:
4.1.8 ASTM designation and date of issue.
B 32.4M Preferred Metric Sizes for Round, Square, Rect-
angle, and Hexagon Metal Products
NOTE 1—Atypicalmetricorderingdescriptionisasfollows:10 000kg
oil-tempered steel mechanical spring wire, Class I, 8.00 mm diameter, in
250-kg coils to ASTM A 229 M – xx, or for inch-pound units, 20 000 lb
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1 on Steel,
oil-tempered steel mechanical Spring Wire, Class I 0.315 in. diameter, in
Stainless Steel, and RelatedAlloys, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
500-lb coils to ASTM A 229 – xx.
A01.03 on Steel Rod and Wire.
Current edition approved March 10, 1999. Published May 1999. Originally
published as A 229 – 39 T. Last previous edition A 229/A 229M – 93.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
3 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05. AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
5 7
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A 229/A 229M – 99
A
TABLE 1 Tensile Requirements, SI Units TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements, Inch-Pound Units
Class I Class II Class I Class II
B A
Diameter, mm Tensile Strength, MPa Tensile Strength, MPa Diameter, in. Tensile Strength, ksi† Tensile Strength, ksi
min max min max min max min max
0.50 2050 2250 2230 2450 0.020 293 323 324 354
0.55 2020 2220 2220 2440 0.023 289 319 320 350
0.60 2000 2200 2210 2430 0.026 286 316 317 347
0.65 1950 2150 2190 2410 0.029 283 313 314 344
0.70 1950 2150 2170 2190 0.032 280 310 311 341
0.80 1900 2100 2140 2360 0.035 274 304 305 335
0.90 1850 2050 2100 2320 0.041 266 296 297 327
1.00 1800 2000 2060 2280 0.048 259 289 290 320
1.10 1780 1980 2030 2240 0.054 253 283 284 314
1.20 1750 1950 2000 2210 0.062 247 277 278 308
1.40 1700 1900 1950 2150 0.072 241 271 272 302
1.60 1650 1850 1900 2100 0.080 235 265 266 296
1.80 1620 1820 1860 2060 0.092 230 260 261 291
2.00 1600 1800 1820 2020 0.106 225 255 256 286
2.20 1580 1780 1790 1990 0.120 220 250 251 281
2.50 1550 1750 1750 1950 0.135 215 240 241 266
2.80 1520 1720 1710 1900 0.148 210 235 236 261
3.00 1500 1700 1690 1880 0.162 205 230 231 256
3.50 1450 1620 1640 1830 0.177 200 225 226 251
4.00 1400 1580 1600 1780 0.192 195 220 221 246
4.50 1380 1550 1560 1740 0.207 190 215 216 241
5.00 1350 1520 1520 1700 0.225 188 213 214 239
5.50 1320 1500 1500 1680 0.244 187 212 213 238
6.00 1300 1480 1480 1660 0.250 185 210 211 236
7.00 1280 1450 1450 1630 0.312 183 208 209 234
8.00 1250 1430 1430 1610 0.375 180 205 206 231
9.00 1220 1400 1410 1590 0.438 175 200 201 226
10.00 1200 1380 1400 1580 0.500 170 195 196 221
11.00 1180 1350 1380 1560 0.562 165 190 191 216
12.00 1150 1320 1360 1540 0.625 165 190 191 216
14.00 1120 1300 1340 1520
A
Tensile strength values for intermediate diameters shall be interpolated.
16.00 1120 1300 1320 1500
A
Tensile strength values for intermediate diameters shall be interpolated.
B TABLE 3 Chemical Requirements
Preferred sizes. For a complete list, refer to ANSI B32.4M , Preferred Metric
Sizes for Round, Square, Rectangle, and Hexagon Metal Products.
Element Composition, %
Carbon 0.55–0.85
A
Manganese 0.30–1.20
5. General Requirements
Phosphorus, max 0.040
5.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform to
Sulfur, max 0.050
Silicon 0.15–0.35
the applicable requirements of either Specification A 510M or
A
Specification A 510. Generally 0.80/1.20 % manganese for diameter 5.00 mm or 0.192 in. and
larger; 0.30/0.90 % for diameters less than 5.00 mm or 0.192 in. The choice of
composition shall be optional with the manufacturer unless the purchaser definitely
6. Materials and Manufacture
specifies otherwise.
6.1 The steel may be made by any commercially accepted
steel-making process. The steel may be either ingot cast or
steel. The chemical composition thus determined, as to ele-
strand cast.
6.2 The finished wire shall be free of detrimental pipe and ments required or restricted, shall conform to the product
analysis requirements specified in Table 10 of Specification
undue segregation.
6.3 The wire shall be oil quenched and tempered to produce A 510 or A 510M.
7.4 For referee purposes, Test Methods, Practices, and
the desired mechanical properties.
Terminology A 751 shall be used.
7. Chemical Composition
8. Mechanical Properties
7.1 Thesteelshallconformtotherequirementsforchemical
composition prescribed in Table 3. 8.1 Tension Test:
7.2 Cast or Heat Analysis—Each cast or heat of steel shall 8.1.1 Requirements—Thematerialasrepresentedbytension
beanalyzedbythemanufacturertodeterminethepercentageof test specimens shall conform to the requirements prescribed in
elements prescribed in Table 3. This analysis shall be made Table 1 or Table 2.
from a test specimen preferably taken during the pouring of the 8.1.2 Number of Tests—Onetestspecimenshallbetakenfor
cast or heat. When requested, this shall be reported to the each ten c
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