ASTM F1789-02

Standard Terminology of F16 Mechanical Fasteners

SCOPE
1.1This terminology standard provides a compilation of definitions for terminology used for mechanical fasteners.  
1.2 Terms in this terminology are organized alphabetically. In Appendix X1 they are listed under fastener characteristic.  
1.3 Additional definitions are shown in ANSI/ASME B18.12; IFI Glossary of Terms, IFI-139 and IFI-140; and SAE J412.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jan-2002
• ICS: 01.040.21 - Mechanical systems and components for general use (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 21.060.01 - Fasteners in general
• Technical Committee: F16 - Fasteners

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM F1789-02a - Standard Terminology of F16 Mechanical Fasteners
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

Designation: F 1789 – 02
Standard Terminology for
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F16 Mechanical Fasteners
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1789; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope minimum quantity for any of the following elements is
specified or required within the limits of the recognized field
1.1 This terminology standard provides a compilation of
of constructional alloy steels: chromium, molybdenum,
definitions for terminology used for mechanical fasteners.
nickel, or any other alloying element added to obtain a
1.2 Terms in this terminology are organized alphabetically.
desired alloying effect.
In Appendix X1 they are listed under fastener characteristic.
alter—to change fastener properties such as hardness, tensile
1.3 Additional definitions are shown in ANSI/ASME
strength, surface finish, length, or other characteristics of the
B18.12; IFI Glossary of Terms, IFI-139 and IFI-140; and SAE
fastener through such processes as heat treatment, plating,
J412.
and machining.
2. Referenced Documents
anchor bolt—a steel rod or bar, one end of which is intended
to be cast in concrete while the opposite end is threaded and
2.1 ASTM Standards:
projects from the concrete for anchoring other material to the
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
2
concrete. The end cast in concrete may be either straight or
of Steel Products
3
provided with an anchor, such as a bent hook, forged head,
A 563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
4
or a tapped or welded attachment to resist forces imposed on
E 456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
the anchor bolt as required.
2.2 ANSI/ASME Standard:
5
annealing—a general term applied to a variety of thermal
B18.12 Glossary of Terms for Mechanical Fasteners
treatments applied to fasteners for the purpose of softening
2.3 IFI Standards:
6
or homogenizing material properties. The specific types of
Glossary of Terms Relating to Aerospace Fasteners
annealing are:
IFI-139 Quality Assurance Requirements for Fastener Test-
6
full annealing—heating steel above the upper critical transfor-
ing Laboratories
mation temperature, holding it there long enough to fully
IFI-140 Carbon and Alloy Steel Wire, Rods, and Bars for
6
transform the steel to austenite, and then cooling it at a
Mechanical Fasteners
controlled rate, in a furnace, to below a specified tempera-
2.4 SAE Standard:
ture. A full anneal refines grain structure and provides a
SAE J412 General Characteristics and Heat Treatments of
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relatively soft, ductile material that is free of internal
Steels
stresses.
3. Mechanical Fastener Definitions
intercritical annealing/isothermal annealing—heating a steel
above the lower critical transformation temperature, but
alloy groups—an alloy group includes alloys considered to be
below the upper-critical transformation temperature, to dis-
chemically equivalent for general purpose use in specifying
solve all the iron carbides, but not transform all the ferrite to
stainless steel bolts, hex cap screws, studs and nuts.
austenite. Cooling slowly from this temperature, through the
alloy steel—steel is considered to be alloy when the maximum
lower critical temperature, produces a structure of ferrite and
range given for manganese exceeds 1.65 % or a definite
pearlite that is free of internal stresses. In intercritical
annealing, the steel continues to cool slowly in the furnace,
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This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on
similarly to full annealing. In isothermal annealing, cooling
Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.94 on Terminology.
is stopped just below the lower critical, assuring complete
Current edition approved Jan. 10, 2002. Published February 2002. Originally
published as F 1789–97. Last previous edition F 1789–01b.
transformation to ferrite and coarse pearlite, and eliminating
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
the potential for bainite formation. The coarse pearlite
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.08.
4 structure greatly improves machinability of medium carbon
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
5
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13th steels.
Floor, New York, NY 10036.
normalizing—a variation of full annealing in which steel is
6
Available from Industrial Fasteners Institute, 1717 E. 9th Street, Suite 1105,
heated above the upper critical temperature and is then air
Cleveland, OH 44114.
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cooled in air, rather than in a furnace. Normalizing relieves
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive,
Warrendale, PA 15096.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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