ASTM G72/G72M-09
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Autogenous Ignition Temperature of Liquids and Solids in a High-Pressure Oxygen-Enriched Environment
Standard Test Method for Autogenous Ignition Temperature of Liquids and Solids in a High-Pressure Oxygen-Enriched Environment
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Most organic liquids and solids will ignite in a pressurized oxidizing gas atmosphere if heated to a sufficiently high temperature and pressure. This procedure provides a numerical value for the temperature at the onset of ignition under carefully controlled conditions. Means for extrapolation from this idealized situation to the description, appraisal, or regulation of fire and explosion hazards in specific field situations, are not established. Ranking of the ignition temperatures of several materials in the standard apparatus is generally in conformity with field experience.
The temperature at which material will ignite spontaneously (AIT) will vary greatly with the geometry of the test system and the rate of heating. To achieve good interlaboratory agreement of ignition temperatures, it is necessary to use equipment of approximately the dimensions described in the test method. It is also necessary to follow the described procedure as closely as possible.
The decomposition and oxidation of some fully fluorinated materials releases so little energy that there is no clear-cut indication of ignition. Nor will there be a clear indication of ignition if a sample volatilizes, distilling to another part of the reaction vessel, before reaching ignition temperature.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the temperature at which liquids and solids will spontaneously ignite. These materials must ignite without application of spark or flame in a high-pressure oxygen-enriched environment.
1.2 This test method is intended for use at pressures of 2.1 to 20.7 MPa (300 to 3000 psi). The pressure used in the description of the method is 10.3 MPa (1500 psi). The test method, as described, is for liquids or solids with ignition temperature in the range from 60 to 425°C (140 to 800°F).
1.3 This test method is for high-pressure pure oxygen. The test method may be used in atmospheres from 0.5 % to 100 % oxygen.
1.4 An apparatus suitable for these requirements is described. This test method could be applied to higher pressures and materials of higher ignition temperature. If more severe requirements or other oxidizers than those described are desired, care must be taken in selecting an alternative safe apparatus capable of withstanding the conditions.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: G72/G72M − 09
StandardTest Method for
Autogenous Ignition Temperature of Liquids and Solids in a
1
High-Pressure Oxygen-Enriched Environment
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G72/G72M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tem- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
perature at which liquids and solids will spontaneously ignite. D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
These materials must ignite without application of spark or E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
flame in a high-pressure oxygen-enriched environment. ASTM Test Methods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
1.2 This test method is intended for use at pressures of 2.1
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
to 20.7 MPa (300 to 3000 psi). The pressure used in the
G93 Practice for Cleaning Methods and Cleanliness Levels
description of the method is 10.3 MPa (1500 psi). The test
for Material and Equipment Used in Oxygen-Enriched
method, as described, is for liquids or solids with ignition
Environments
temperature in the range from 60 to 425°C (140 to 800°F).
2.2 Federal Specification:
3
1.3 This test method is for high-pressure pure oxygen. The
BB-O-925 Oxygen, Technical, Gas and Liquid
test method may be used in atmospheres from 0.5 % to 100 %
2.3 Other Documents:
oxygen.
MNL 36 Safe Use of Oxygen and Oxygen Systems: Guide-
1.4 An apparatus suitable for these requirements is de- lines for Oxygen System Design, Materials, Selection,
4
Operations, Storage, and Transportation
scribed. This test method could be applied to higher pressures
5
and materials of higher ignition temperature. If more severe Compressed Gas Association Booklets G-1 and G-4.1
requirements or other oxidizers than those described are
3. Summary of Test Method
desired, care must be taken in selecting an alternative safe
apparatus capable of withstanding the conditions. 3.1 This autogenous ignition temperature test method is
designedtoexposesolidorliquidsamplematerialtoincreasing
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
temperature in a high-pressure reaction vessel. The reaction
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
vessel (bomb), including a sample holding assembly, is pres-
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
surized with the oxygen-enriched environment. The bomb is
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
heated in an electric furnace at a predetermined rate. The
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
temperature of the sample-holding assembly is monitored as a
with the standard.
function of time by means of a thermocouple and recording
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
potentiometer.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3
AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G04 on 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen EnrichedAtmospheres and is www.access.gpo.gov.
4
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G04.01 on Test Methods. ASTM Manual Series, Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published February 2010. Originally Drive, W. Conshohocken, PA 19428.
5
approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as G72 – 01. DOI: Available from Compressed Gas Association (CGA), 4221 Walney Rd., 5th
10.1520/G0072-09. Floor, Chantilly, VA 20151-2923, http://www.cganet.com.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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G72/G72M − 09
FIG. 1 AIT Equipment Assembly
3.2 The minimum temperature required to cause the sample 4.3 The decomposition and oxidation of some fully fluori-
to ignite spontaneously is determined at any selected system nated materials releases so little energy that there is no
pressure. The point at which spontane
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:G72–01 Designation:G72/G72M–09
Standard Test Method for
Autogenous Ignition Temperature of Liquids and Solids in a
1
High-Pressure Oxygen-Enriched Environment
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G72/G72M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the temperature at which liquids and solids will spontaneously ignite. These
materials must ignite without application of spark or flame in a high-pressure oxygen-enriched environment.
1.2 This test method is intended for use at pressures of 2.1 to 20.7 MPa (300 to 3000 psi). The pressure used in the description
of the method is 10.3 MPa (1500 psi). The test method, as described, is for liquids or solids with ignition temperature in the range
from 60 to 425°C (140 to 800°F).
1.3 This test method is for high-pressure pure oxygen. The test method may be used in atmospheres from 0.5 % to 100 %
oxygen.
1.4 An apparatus suitable for these requirements is described. This test method could be applied to higher pressures and
materials of higher ignition temperature. If more severe requirements or other oxidizers than those described are desired, care must
be taken in selecting an alternative safe apparatus capable of withstanding the conditions.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
G93 Practice for Cleaning Methods and Cleanliness Levels for Material and Equipment Used in Oxygen-Enriched
Environments
3
2.2 Federal Specification:
BB-O-925 Oxygen, Technical, Gas and Liquid
2.3 Other Documents:
MNL 36 Safe Use of Oxygen and Oxygen Systems: Guidelines for Oxygen System Design, Materilas, Selection, Operations,
4
Storage, and Transportation
3
CompressedCompressed Gas Association Booklets G-1 and G-4.1,
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 This autogenous ignition temperature test method is designed to expose solid or liquid sample material to increasing
temperature in a high-pressure reaction vessel. The reaction vessel (bomb), including a sample holding assembly, is pressurized
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G04 on Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres and is the direct
responsibility of Subcommittee G04.01 on Test Methods.
e1
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2001. Published January 2002. Originally published as G72–82. Last previous edition G72–82(1996) . DOI: 10.1520/G0072-01.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009 Published February 2010. Originally approved in 1982. . Last previous edition approved in 2001 as G72–01. DOI:
10.1520/G0072-09.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Compressed Gas Assn., 500 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10110.
3
Available from Compressed Gas Association (CGA), 4221 Walney Rd., 5th Floor, Chantilly, VA 20151-2923, http://www.cganet.com.
4
ASTM Manual Series, Available from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, W. Conshohocken, PA 19428.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G72/G72M–09
with the oxygen-enriched environment. The bomb is heated in an electric furnace at a predetermined rate. The temperature of the
sample-holding assembly is monitored as a function of tim
...
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