ASTM G72-01
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Autogenous Ignition Temperature of Liquids and Solids in a High-Pressure Oxygen-Enriched Environment
Standard Test Method for Autogenous Ignition Temperature of Liquids and Solids in a High-Pressure Oxygen-Enriched Environment
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Most organic liquids and solids will ignite in a pressurized oxidizing gas atmosphere if heated to a sufficiently high temperature and pressure. This procedure provides a numerical value for the temperature at the onset of ignition under carefully controlled conditions. Means for extrapolation from this idealized situation to the description, appraisal, or regulation of fire and explosion hazards in specific field situations, are not established. Ranking of the ignition temperatures of several materials in the standard apparatus is generally in conformity with field experience.
The temperature at which material will ignite spontaneously (AIT) will vary greatly with the geometry of the test system and the rate of heating. To achieve good interlaboratory agreement of ignition temperatures, it is necessary to use equipment of approximately the dimensions described in the method. It is also necessary to follow the described procedure as closely as possible.
The decomposition and oxidation of some fully fluorinated materials releases so little energy that there is no clear-cut indication of ignition. Nor will there be a clear indication of ignition if a sample volatilizes, distilling to another part of the reaction vessel, before reaching ignition temperature.
FIG. 1 AIT Equipment Assembly
SCOPE
1.1 This method covers the determination of the temperature at which liquids and solids will spontaneously ignite. These materials must ignite without application of spark or flame in a high-pressure oxygen-enriched environment.
1.2 This method is intended for use at pressures of 2.1 to 20.7 MPa (300 to 3000 psi). The pressure used in the description of the method is 10.3 MPa (1500 psi). The method, as described, is for liquids or solids with ignition temperature in the range from 60 to 425°C (140 to 800°F).
1.3 This method is for high-pressure pure oxygen. The method may be used in atmospheres from 0.5 % to 100 % oxygen.
1.4 An apparatus suitable for these requirements is described. This method could be applied to higher pressures and materials of higher ignition temperature. If more severe requirements or other oxidizers than those described are desired, care must be taken in selecting an alternative safe apparatus capable of withstanding the conditions.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:G72–01
Standard Test Method for
Autogenous Ignition Temperature of Liquids and Solids in a
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High-Pressure Oxygen-Enriched Environment
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationG72;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope BB-O-925 Oxygen, Technical, Gas and Liquid
2.3 Other Documents:
1.1 This method covers the determination of the tempera-
MNL 36 Safe Use of Oxygen and Oxygen Systems: Guide-
ture at which liquids and solids will spontaneously ignite.
lines for Oxygen System Design, Materilas, Selection,
These materials must ignite without application of spark or
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Operations, Storage, and Transportation
flame in a high-pressure oxygen-enriched environment.
,
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Compressed Gas Association Booklets G-1 and G-4.1
1.2 This method is intended for use at pressures of 2.1 to
20.7 MPa (300 to 3000 psi). The pressure used in the
3. Summary of Method
description of the method is 10.3 MPa (1500 psi).The method,
3.1 This autogenous ignition temperature test method is
as described, is for liquids or solids with ignition temperature
designedtoexposesolidorliquidsamplematerialtoincreasing
in the range from 60 to 425°C (140 to 800°F).
temperature in a high-pressure reaction vessel. The reaction
1.3 This method is for high-pressure pure oxygen. The
vessel (bomb), including a sample holding assembly, is pres-
method may be used in atmospheres from 0.5 % to 100 %
surized with the oxygen-enriched environment. The bomb is
oxygen.
heated in an electric furnace at a predetermined rate. The
1.4 An apparatus suitable for these requirements is de-
temperature of the sample-holding assembly is monitored as a
scribed. This method could be applied to higher pressures and
function of time by means of a thermocouple and recording
materials of higher ignition temperature. If more severe re-
potentiometer.
quirements or other oxidizers than those described are desired,
3.2 The minimum temperature required to cause the sample
care must be taken in selecting an alternative safe apparatus
to ignite spontaneously is determined at any selected system
capable of withstanding the conditions.
pressure. The point at which spontaneous ignition occurs is
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
denoted by a sudden rise in temperature and the destruction of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the sample. The amount of rise in temperature is related to the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
sample size.Asample size is selected to prevent damage to the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
equipment caused by exceeding safe system pressure or
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
temperature limits because of the temperature rise.
2. Referenced Documents 3.3 The system is pressurized to the desired test pressure at
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the start of the test. During the test as the temperature is
2.1 ASTM Standards:
increased, the pressure increases. No effort is made to control
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
the pressure during the test. It is monitored only so that the
G93 Practice for Cleaning Methods and Cleanliness Levels
pressure does not exceed a safe limit for the test equipment.
for Material and Equipment Used in Oxygen-Enriched
Environments
4. Significance and Use
3
2.2 Federal Specification:
4.1 Most organic liquids and solids will ignite in a pressur-
ized oxidizing gas atmosphere if heated to a sufficiently high
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ThismethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeG4onCompatibility
temperature and pressure.This procedure provides a numerical
and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres and is the direct
value for the temperature at the onset of ignition under
responsibility of Subcommittee G04.01 on Test Methods.
carefully controlled conditions. Means for extrapolation from
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2001. Published January 2002. Originally
e1
published as G72–82. Last previous edition G72–82(1996) . DOI: 10.1520/G0072-
this idealized situation to the description, appraisal, or regula-
01.
tion of fire and explosion hazards in specific field situations,
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
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