ASTM D3588-98(2017)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Calculating Heat Value, Compressibility Factor, and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
Standard Practice for Calculating Heat Value, Compressibility Factor, and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The heating value is a measure of the suitability of a pure gas or a gas mixture for use as a fuel; it indicates the amount of energy that can be obtained as heat by burning a unit of gas. For use as heating agents, the relative merits of gases from different sources and having different compositions can be compared readily on the basis of their heating values. Therefore, the heating value is used as a parameter for determining the price of gas in custody transfer. It is also an essential factor in calculating the efficiencies of energy conversion devices such as gas-fired turbines. The heating values of a gas depend not only upon the temperature and pressure, but also upon the degree of saturation with water vapor. However, some calorimetric methods for measuring heating values are based upon the gas being saturated with water at the specified conditions.
5.2 The relative density (specific gravity) of a gas quantifies the density of the gas as compared with that of air under the same conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for calculating heating value, relative density, and compressibility factor at base conditions (14.696 psia and 60°F (15.6°C)) for natural gas mixtures from compositional analysis.2 It applies to all common types of utility gaseous fuels, for example, dry natural gas, reformed gas, oil gas (both high and low Btu), propane-air, carbureted water gas, coke oven gas, and retort coal gas, for which suitable methods of analysis as described in Section 6 are available. Calculation procedures for other base conditions are given.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D3588 − 98 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Practice for
Calculating Heat Value, Compressibility Factor, and Relative
1
Density of Gaseous Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3588; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D1717Test Method for Test for Analysis of Commerical
Butane-Butene Mixtures and Isolutylene by Gas Chroma-
1.1 This practice covers procedures for calculating heating
4
tography (Withdrawn 1984)
value, relative density, and compressibility factor at base
D1945Test Method for Analysis of Natural Gas by Gas
conditions (14.696 psia and 60°F (15.6°C)) for natural gas
2
Chromatography
mixtures from compositional analysis. It applies to all com-
D1946Practice for Analysis of Reformed Gas by Gas
montypesofutilitygaseousfuels,forexample,drynaturalgas,
Chromatography
reformed gas, oil gas (both high and low Btu), propane-air,
carbureted water gas, coke oven gas, and retort coal gas, for D2163Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbons in
which suitable methods of analysis as described in Section 6 Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases and Propane/Propene
are available. Calculation procedures for other base conditions
Mixtures by Gas Chromatography
are given.
D2650Test Method for Chemical Composition of Gases by
Mass Spectrometry
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for
2.2 GPA Standards:
information only.
GPA2145Physical Constants for the Paraffin Hydrocarbons
5
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the and Other Components in Natural Gas
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the GPA Standard 2166Methods of Obtaining Natural Gas
5
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Samples for Analysis by Gas Chromatography
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
GPA 2172Calculation of Gross Heating Value, Relative
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Density, and Compressibility Factor for Natural Gas
5,6
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
Mixtures from Compositional Analysis
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
GPAStandard2261MethodofAnalysisforNaturalGasand
5
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Similar Gaseous Mixtures by Gas Chromatography
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
GPATechnical Publication TP-17Table of Physical Proper-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
ties of Hydrocarbons for Extended Analysis of Natural
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5
Gases
5
GPSA Data Book,Fig. 23-2, Physical Constants
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.3 TRC Document:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
7
TRC Thermodynamic Tables—Hydrocarbons
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D03 on Gaseous
Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.03 on Determination of
Heating Value and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels.
4
Current edition approved April 1, 2017. Published April 2017. Originally The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D3588–98(2011). www.astm.org.
5
DOI: 10.1520/D3588-98R17. AvailablefromGasProcessorsAssociation(GPA),6526E.60thSt.,Tulsa,OK
2
A more rigorous calculation of Z(T,P) at both base conditions and higher 74145, http://www.gasprocessors.com.
6
pressures can be made using the calculation procedures in “Compressibility and The sole source of supply of the program in either BASIC or FORTRAN
Super Compressibility for Natural Gas and Other Hydrocarbon Gases,” American suitable for running on computers known to the committee at this time is the Gas
Gas Association Transmission Measurement Committee Report 8, AGA Cat. No. ProcessorsAssociation.Ifyouareawareofalternativesuppliers,pleaseprovidethis
XQ1285, 1985, AGA, 1515 Wilson Blvd., Arlington, VA 22209. information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive
3 1
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee , which
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM you may attend.
7
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on AvailablefromThermodynamicsResearchCenter,TheTexasA&MUniversity,
the ASTM website. College Station, TX 77843-3111.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3588 − 98 (Reapproved 2011) D3588 − 98 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Practice for
Calculating Heat Value, Compressibility Factor, and Relative
1
Density of Gaseous Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3588; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers procedures for calculating heating value, relative density, and compressibility factor at base conditions
2
(14.696 psia and 60°F (15.6°C)) for natural gas mixtures from compositional analysis. It applies to all common types of utility
gaseous fuels, for example, dry natural gas, reformed gas, oil gas (both high and low Btu), propane-air, carbureted water gas, coke
oven gas, and retort coal gas, for which suitable methods of analysis as described in Section 6 are available. Calculation procedures
for other base conditions are given.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for
information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1717 Test Method for Test for Analysis of Commerical Butane-Butene Mixtures and Isolutylene by Gas Chromatography
4
(Withdrawn 1984)
D1945 Test Method for Analysis of Natural Gas by Gas Chromatography
D1946 Practice for Analysis of Reformed Gas by Gas Chromatography
D2163 Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbons in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases and Propane/Propene Mixtures by
Gas Chromatography
D2650 Test Method for Chemical Composition of Gases by Mass Spectrometry
2.2 GPA Standards:
5
GPA 2145 Physical Constants for the Paraffin Hydrocarbons and Other Components in Natural Gas
5
GPA Standard 2166 Methods of Obtaining Natural Gas Samples for Analysis by Gas Chromatography
GPA 2172 Calculation of Gross Heating Value, Relative Density, and Compressibility Factor for Natural Gas Mixtures from
5,6
Compositional Analysis
5
GPA Standard 2261 Method of Analysis for Natural Gas and Similar Gaseous Mixtures by Gas Chromatography
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D03 on Gaseous Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.03 on Determination of Heating
Value and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011April 1, 2017. Published May 2012April 2017. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 20032011 as
D3588 – 98(2003).(2011). DOI: 10.1520/D3588-98R11.10.1520/D3588-98R17.
2
A more rigorous calculation of Z(T,P) at both base conditions and higher pressures can be made using the calculation procedures in “Compressibility and Super
Compressibility for Natural Gas and Other Hydrocarbon Gases,” American Gas Association Transmission Measurement Committee Report 8, AGA Cat. No. XQ1285, 1985,
AGA, 1515 Wilson Blvd., Arlington, VA 22209.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
5
Available from Gas Processors Association (GPA), 6526 E. 60th St., Tulsa, OK 74145, http://www.gasprocessors.com.
6
The sole source of supply of the program in either BASIC or FORTRAN suitable for running on computers known to the committee at this time is the Gas Processors
Association. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration
1
at a meeting of the responsible technical committee , which you may attend.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harb
...
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