ASTM E3098-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Mechanical Uniaxial Pre-strain and Thermal Free Recovery of Shape Memory Alloys
Standard Test Method for Mechanical Uniaxial Pre-strain and Thermal Free Recovery of Shape Memory Alloys
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to measure a specimen's material and shape memory effect properties in response to a uniaxial deformation and then cycling through a full thermal transformation to recover all or a portion of the deformation. A material's martensite stiffness, martensite residual strain, austenite recovered strain, and unrecovered strain (or plastic deformation) after thermal cycling is determined.
5.2 Measurement of the specimen's motion closely parallels many shape memory applications and provides a result that is applicable to the function of the material.
5.3 This test method may be used for, but is not limited to, wire, round tube, or strip samples. It is able to provide an assessment of the product in its semi-finished form.
5.4 This test method provides a simple method for determining transformation temperatures by heating and cooling specimens through their full thermal transformation after uniaxial pre-straining in the martensite state.
5.5 This test method can be used on trained and processed material in a semi-finished form to measure Two Way Shape Memory Effect by comparing the strain in the austenite state and martensite states with no applied stress.
5.6 This test method is useful for quality control, specification acceptance, and research.
5.7 Transformation temperatures derived from this test method may not agree with those obtained by other test methods due to the effects of strain and stress on the transformation.
5.8 Components such as springs or other semi-finished parts can be tested using this method as agreed upon by the customer and supplier. Units of stress and strain can be replaced with force and displacement.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the heating and cooling a Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) specimen through transformation after uniaxial deformation to determine residual strain after loading and unloading, recovered strain on heating, total unrecovered strain upon cooling, and transformation temperatures.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E3098 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Mechanical Uniaxial Pre-strain and Thermal Free Recovery
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of Shape Memory Alloys
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3098; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications
1.1 This test method describes the heating and cooling a
E74 Practice of Calibration of Force-Measuring Instruments
Shape MemoryAlloy (SMA) specimen through transformation
for Verifying the Force Indication of Testing Machines
after uniaxial deformation to determine residual strain after
E83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Exten-
loading and unloading, recovered strain on heating, total
someter Systems
unrecovered strain upon cooling, and transformation tempera-
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
tures.
ASTM Test Methods
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
E209 PracticeforCompressionTestsofMetallicMaterialsat
as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Elevated Temperatures with Conventional or Rapid Heat-
standard.
ing Rates and Strain Rates
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- E1169 Practice for Conducting Ruggedness Tests
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
E2368 Practice for Strain Controlled Thermomechanical
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Fatigue Testing
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
F2004 Test Method for Transformation Temperature of
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- Nickel-Titanium Alloys by Thermal Analysis
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
F2005 Terminology for Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- Alloys
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
F2063 Specification for Wrought Nickel-Titanium Shape
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Memory Alloys for Medical Devices and Surgical Im-
plants
2. Referenced Documents F2082 Test Method for Determination of Transformation
2 Temperature of Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloys
2.1 ASTM Standards:
by Bend and Free Recovery
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
F2516 Test Method for Tension Testing of Nickel-Titanium
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
Superelastic Materials
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
2.2 Other Standards:
terials
IEEE/ASTM SI 10 American National Standard for Metric
E9 Test Methods of Compression Testing of Metallic Mate-
2
Practice
rials at Room Temperature
3
ASQ C1 General Requirements for a Quality Program
E21 TestMethodsforElevatedTemperatureTensionTestsof
4
ISO 9001 Quality Management Systems—Requirements
Metallic Materials
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Specific technical terms used in this test
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This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E08 on Fatigue
method are found in Terminology F2005:
and Fracture and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E08.05 on Cyclic
Deformation and Fatigue Crack Formation.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017. Published March 2018. DOI: 10.1520/
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E3098–17 Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
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Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier,
the ASTM website. Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
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E3098 − 17
3.2 austenite finish strain (e )—Strainattheaustenitefinish specimen to its fully martensite phase. During heating and
Af
temperature. cooling the extension or contraction of the specimen is
measured and plotted ve
...
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