ASTM A220/A220M-99(2014)

Standard Specification for Pearlitic Malleable Iron

ABSTRACT
This specification covers pearlitic malleable iron castings for general. The chemical composition of the iron shall be such as to produce the mechanical properties required by this specification. Hardness test and tensile test shall be made to conform to the requirements specified. The microstructure of the pearlitic malleable iron shall consist of temper carbon nodules uniformly distributed in a matrix of ferrite, pearlite, and tempered transformation products of austenite. All castings on visual examination, shall be sound and free from obvious shrinkage and porosity.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers pearlitic malleable iron castings for general engineering usage at temperatures from normal ambient to approximately 750°F [400°C].  
1.1.1 For continuous service at temperatures up to 1200°F [650°C] design factors should be incorporated to compensate for possible property changes, as demonstrated by Marshall and Sommer2 and by Pearson.3  
1.2 Without knowledge of casting geometry and process details, no quantitative relationship can be stated between the properties of the iron in the various locations of a casting and those of a test bar cast from the same iron.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2014
• ICS: 77.140.80 - Iron and steel castings
• Technical Committee: A04 - Iron Castings
• Drafting Committee: A04.02 - Malleable and Ductile Iron Castings

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A220/A220M-99(2009) - Standard Specification for Pearlitic Malleable Iron
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2014
• Referred By: ASTM A834-95(2020) - Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Iron Castings for General Industrial Use
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2014
• Referred By: ASTM F432-19 - Standard Specification for Roof and Rock Bolts and Accessories
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2014

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:A220/A220M −99 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Specification for
1
Pearlitic Malleable Iron
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA220/A220M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope E140Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship
Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell
1.1 This specification covers pearlitic malleable iron cast-
Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Sclero-
ingsforgeneralengineeringusageattemperaturesfromnormal
scope Hardness, and Leeb Hardness
ambient to approximately 750°F [400°C].
5
2.2 Military Standard:
1.1.1 For continuous service at temperatures up to 1200°F
MIL-STD-129Marking for Shipment and Storage
[650°C] design factors should be incorporated to compensate
5
2.3 Federal Standard:
for possible property changes, as demonstrated by Marshall
2 3 Fed. Std. No. 123Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
and Sommer and by Pearson.
3. Terminology
1.2 Without knowledge of casting geometry and process
details, no quantitative relationship can be stated between the
3.1 Definitions:
properties of the iron in the various locations of a casting and
3.1.1 Definitions for many terms common to iron castings
those of a test bar cast from the same iron.
are found in Terminology A644.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
4. Classification
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
4.1 Iron produced for castings ordered under this specifica-
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
tionisclassifiedinanumberofgradesasshowninTable1and
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
isqualifiedbytestsonseparatelycasttestbars.Separatelycast
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
test bars shall be poured from the same lot of iron as the
with the standard.
castings they represent and shall be heat treated with those
2. Referenced Documents
castings.
4
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Ordering Information
A247Test Method for Evaluating the Microstructure of
5.1 The purchase order for castings ordered under this
Graphite in Iron Castings
specification shall state the specification designation, the year
A644Terminology Relating to Iron Castings
inwhichthespecificationwasissued,andthegradeofpearlitic
E8Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
malleable iron to be supplied.
E10Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E18Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
5.2 Any options or special additions to the basic require-
terials
ments of this specification shall be clearly and fully stipulated.
6. Chemical Composition
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A04 on Iron
Castings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A04.02 on Malleable and
6.1 Thechemicalcompositionoftheironshallbesuchasto
Ductile Iron Castings.
produce the mechanical properties required by this specifica-
Current edition approved April 1, 2014. Published April 2014. Originally
tion.
approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A220/A220M–99
(2009). DOI: 10.1520/A0220_A0220M-99R14.
2
Marshall, L. C., and Sommer, G. F., “Stress-Rupture Properties of Malleable 7. Mechanical Requirements
Iron at Elevated Temperatures,” Proceedings, American Society of Testing and
7.1 Factors influencing the properties of castings and their
Materials, Vol 58, pp. 752–773.
3
relationship to those of test specimens and separate test
Pearson, D.A., “Stress-Rupture and Elongation Properties of Malleable Iron at
Elevated Temperatures,” Transactions, 70th Castings Congress and Exposition,
castings are discussed in Appendix X1.
May 9, 1966.
4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
the ASTM website. dodssp.daps.dla.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A220/A220M−99 (2014)
TABLE 1 Tensile Test Requirements
Inch-Pound Grades
Tensile Strength, Yield Strength, min Elongation, mn
English
min
Grade
psi psi 2 in., %
40010 60 000 40 000 10
45008 65 000 45 000 8
45006 65 000 45 000 6
50005 70 000 50 000 5
60004 80 000
...