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ASTM D5800-05

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method

Standard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The evaporation loss is of particular importance in engine lubrication. Where high temperatures occur, portions of an oil can evaporate.
Evaporation may contribute to oil consumption in an engine and can lead to a change in the properties of an oil.
Many engine manufacturers specify a maximum allowable evaporation loss.
Some engine manufacturers, when specifying a maximum allowable evaporation loss, quote this test method along with the specifications.
Procedure C, using the Selby-Noack apparatus, also permits collection of the volatile oil vapors for determination of their physical and chemical properties. Elemental analysis of the collected volatiles may be helpful in identifying components such as phosphorous, which has been linked to premature degradation of the emission system catalyst.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers three procedures for determining the evaporation loss of lubricating oils (particularly engine oils). Procedure A uses the Noack evaporative tester equipment; Procedure B uses the automated non-Woods metal Noack evaporative apparatus; and Procedure C uses Selby-Noack volatility test equipment. The test method relates to one set of operating conditions but may be readily adapted to other conditions when required.
1.2 Noack results determined using Procedures A and B show consistent differences. Procedure A gives slightly lower results versus Procedure B on formulated engine oils, while Procedure A gives higher results versus Procedure B on basestocks.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-May-2005
ICS
75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.06 - Analysis of Liquid Fuels and Lubricants
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5800-04a - Standard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method
Effective Date
01-Jun-2005
Replaced By
ASTM D5800-08 - Standard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method
Effective Date
01-May-2008
Referred By
ASTM D6074-15(2022) - Standard Guide for Characterizing Hydrocarbon Lubricant Base Oils
Effective Date
01-Jun-2005
Referred By
ASTM D6417-15(2019) - Standard Test Method for Estimation of Engine Oil Volatility by Capillary Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Jun-2005
Referred By
ASTM D4485-22e1 - Standard Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils
Effective Date
01-Jun-2005
Referred By
ASTM D7578-20 - Standard Guide for Calibration Requirements for Elemental Analysis of Petroleum Products and Lubricants
Effective Date
01-Jun-2005
Referred By
ASTM D6375-09(2019) - Standard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TGA) Noack Method
Effective Date
01-Jun-2005

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ASTM D5800-05 - Standard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack MethodASTM D5800-05 - Standard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method
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ASTM D5800-05 - Standard Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation:D5800–05
Standard Test Method for
1
Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5800; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D 6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
1.1 This test method covers three procedures for determin-
Lubricants
ing the evaporation loss of lubricating oils (particularly engine
3
2.2 DIN Standards:
oils). Procedure A uses the Noack evaporative tester equip-
DIN 1725 Specification for Aluminum Alloys
ment; Procedure B uses the automated non-Woods metal
DIN 12785 Specifications for Glass Thermometers
Noack evaporative apparatus; and Procedure C uses Selby-
Noack volatility test equipment. The test method relates to one
3. Terminology
set of operating conditions but may be readily adapted to other
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
conditions when required.
3.1.1 evaporation loss—of a lubricating oil by the Noack
1.2 Noack results determined using Procedures A and B
method, that mass of volatile oil vapors lost when the oil is
show consistent differences. Procedure A gives slightly lower
heated in a test crucible through which a constant flow of air is
results versus Procedure B on formulated engine oils, while
drawn.
Procedure A gives higher results versus Procedure B on
3.1.2 volatility, n—the tendency of a liquid to form a vapor.
basestocks.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
4. Summary of Test Method
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4.1 A measured quantity of sample is placed in an evapo-
only.
ration crucible or reaction flask that is then heated to 250°C
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
with a constant flow of air drawn through it for 60 min. The
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
loss in mass of the oil is determined.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.2 Interlaboratory tests have shown that Procedure A,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Procedure B, and Procedure C yield essentially equivalent
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2
results, with a correlation coefficient of R = 0.996. See the
2. Referenced Documents research report for the Selby-Noack interlaboratory study.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Significance and Use
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
5.1 The evaporation loss is of particular importance in
Petroleum Products
engine lubrication. Where high temperatures occur, portions of
D 4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
an oil can evaporate.
Petroleum Products
5.2 Evaporation may contribute to oil consumption in an
D 6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
engine and can lead to a change in the properties of an oil.
Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System
5.3 Many engine manufacturers specify a maximum allow-
Performance
able evaporation loss.
5.4 Some engine manufacturers, when specifying a maxi-
1
mum allowable evaporation loss, quote this test method along
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
with the specifications.
D02.06.0B on Physical Testing.
5.5 Procedure C, using the Selby-Noack apparatus, also
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2005.PublishedJuly2005.Originallyapproved
permits collection of the volatile oil vapors for determination
in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D 5800–04a.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Deutsches Institut für Normunge, Beuth Verlag GmbH, Burg-
the ASTM website. grafen Strasse 6, 1000 Berlin 30, Germany.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5800–05
NOTE 1—Some manometers use water as the reference fluid, others
oftheirphysicalandchemicalproperties.Elementalanalysisof
may use a lower density fluid correlated to read in millimetres of water.
the collected volatiles may be helpful in identifying compo-
Users should ensure that the manometer is filled with the correct d
...

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5.1 The low-temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity of automatic transmission fluids, gear oils, torque and tractor fluids, and industrial and automotive hydraulic oils (see Appendix X4) are of considerable importance to the proper operation of many mechanical devices. Measurement of the viscometric properties of these oils and fluids at low temperatures is often used to specify their acceptance for service. This test method is used in a number of specifications.  
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1.1 This test method covers quantitative procedures for the evaluation of the compatibility of automotive engine oils with several reference elastomers typical of those used in the sealing materials in contact with these oils. Compatibility is evaluated by determining the changes in volume, Durometer A hardness, and tensile properties when the elastomer specimens are immersed in the oil for a specified time and temperature.  
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1.3 This test method provides a preliminary or first order evaluation of oil/elastomer compatibility only. Because seals might be subjected to static or dynamic loads, or both, and they can operate over a range of conditions, a complete evaluation of the potential sealing performance of any elastomer-oil combination in any service condition usually requires tests additional to those described in this test method.  
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ASTM
ASTM D7922-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Glycol for In-Service Engine Oils by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Some glycol/antifreeze dilution of in-service engine oil is normal under typical operating conditions. However, excessive glycol dilution can lead to decreased performance, premature wear, or sudden engine failure. This test method provides a means of quantifying the level of glycol based antifreeze dilution, allowing the user to take necessary action.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of glycol based antifreeze for in-service engine oil by derivative headspace/gas chromatography.  
1.2 Sample is derivatized in-situ directly in a headspace sampling vial prior to vapor phase extraction and injection into a gas chromatograph.  
1.3 The chemistry of the derivatization is unique to the detection of the molecules of ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol. 1,3-propylene glycol could also be detected but is not used in any known anti-freeze at this time. Other coolant analyses are beyond the scope of this test method.  
1.4 The derivatization process does not affect glycol breakdown products such as glycolate and formate and hence the presence of these compounds in the oil will not be quantified.  
1.5 The test method concentration range is from 50 µg/g to 1000 µg/g. Lower levels are possible by method modifications. Higher levels are possible through sample dilution.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
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  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
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ASTM
ASTM D7918-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Flow Properties and Evaluation of Wear, Contaminants, and Oxidative Properties of Lubricating Grease by Die Extrusion Method and Preparation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Trending the wear, contamination, consistency, and oxidative properties of a lubricating grease is a crucial part of condition-monitoring programs. Changes in these properties or deviations from the new grease can be indicative of problems within the lubricated component, such as the mixing of incompatible thickener types, excessive wear or contaminant levels, or significant depletion of antioxidant levels. These test methods also makes it possible to develop trends that can be used to predict failures before they occur and allow for corrective action to be taken.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination and evaluation of flow properties, wear levels, contaminants, and oxidative condition of new and in-service lubricating grease.  
1.2 This test method provides guidance on evaluating in-service grease samples, NLGI grades 00 to 3, for wear, consistency, contamination, and oxidation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3.1 Exception—The exception to this will be where units of references were developed by the developers of the test equipment and necessary to report the results of the test.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
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  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off