ASTM D4920-98(2003)
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Moisture in Textiles
Standard Terminology Relating to Moisture in Textiles
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology is a compilation of definitions of technical terms related to moisture in textiles. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.
1.2 For other ASTM defined conditioning terms, refer to Terminology E 41. For other terms associated with textiles, refer to Terminology D 123, Relating to Textiles.
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Designation:D4920–98 (Reapproved 2003)
Standard Terminology Relating to
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Moisture in Textiles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4920; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope atmosphere for testing, n—air at ambient conditions of
relative humidity and temperature in which tests or experi-
1.1 This terminology is a compilation of definitions of
ments are conducted. (See also standard atmosphere for
technical terms related to moisture in textiles. Terms that are
testing.)
generally understood or adequately defined in other readily
available sources are not included.
DISCUSSION—In the hierarchy of terms, atmosphere is the generic
1.2 For other ASTM defined conditioning terms, refer to
term where the air is ambient with conditions “controlled” by local
weather and therefore variable. Atmosphere for testing is a delimited
Terminology E 41. For other terms associated with textiles,
term in which the use of the atmosphere is restricted for a certain
refer to Terminology D 123, Relating to Textiles.
purpose. In a standard atmosphere for testing, the conditions are
specified (standardized) and controlled for routine testing and for
2. Referenced Documents
testing reproducibility. On this basis, there is no real reason for not
2.1 ASTM Standards:
referring to the specified atmospheres that have been traditionally used
2
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
for testing glass textiles or tire cords, etc., as standard atmospheres
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E 41 Terminology Relating to Conditioning
for testing those materials.
commercial allowance (CA), n—an arbitrary value, equal to
3. Terminology
the commercial moisture regain, plus a specified allowance
3.1 Definitions:
for finish, used with the mass of scoured, oven-dried yarn, to
absolute humidity, n—the mass of water vapor present in a compute (1) yarn linear density, (2) the commercial or legal
unit volume of air.
mass of a shipment or delivery of any specific textile
material (see also commercial moisture regain), or (3) the
DISCUSSION—Common units of measure for absolute humidity are
mass of a specific component in the analysis of fiber blends.
grams per cubic metre or grains per cubic foot. The amount of water
D1907, D2494, D3887
vapor is also reported in terms of mass per unit mass of dry air, for
example,gramsperkilogram,orgrainsperpound,ofdryair.Thisvalue commercial mass, n—billed mass as determined by a gener-
differs from values calculated on a volume basis and should not be
ally accepted method or as agreed upon between the pur-
referred to as absolute humidity. It is designated as humidity ratio,
chaser and seller. D2494
specific humidity, or moisture pick-up.
commercial moisture content, n—in wool, the moisture
calculatedasapercentageofthemassofthewool,top,noils,
absorption, n—a process in which one material (the absor-
yarn, fabric, etc., in the “as-is” condition; that is, containing
bent) takes in or absorbs another (the absorbate); as the
whatever moisture, oil, grease, or other extraneous matter
absorption of moisture by fibers. (See also adsorption, and
that may be present. D2118
moistureequilibriumfortesting. Comparedesorption and
commercial moisture regain (CMR), n—a formally adopted,
resorption.) D4772
arbitrary value, to be used with the oven-dried mass of
adsorption, n—a process in which the surface of a solid takes
textile fibers, when calculating the commercial mass of a
on or adsorbs in an extremely thin layer molecules of gases,
shipment or delivery.
of dissolved substances, or of liquids with which it is in
contact.(Seealsoabsorptionandmoistureequilibriumfor
DISCUSSION—The assigned commercial moisture regain value is
testing. Compare desorption and resorption.)
usuallyhigherthantheexperimentalmoistureregainvalueforthesame
material.
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ThisterminologyisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD13onTextiles condition, v—to bring a material to moisture equilibrium with
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.51 on Chemical Conditioning
a specified atmosphere.
and Performance.
desorption, n—a process in which a sorbed material is
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1996. Published February 1997. Originally
released from another material, as the desorption of moisture
published as D 4920 – 89. Last previous edition D 4920 – 96b.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
from fibers; the reverse of absorption, adsorption, or both.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
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