ASTM D189-01
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Conradson Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
Standard Test Method for Conradson Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of carbon residue (Note 1) left after evaporation and pyrolysis of an oil, and is intended to provide some indication of relative coke-forming propensities. This test method is generally applicable to relatively nonvolatile petroleum products which partially decompose on distillation at atmospheric pressure. Petroleum products containing ash-forming constituents as determined by Test Method D 482 or IP Method 4 will have an erroneously high carbon residue, depending upon the amount of ash formed (Note 2 and Note 4).
Note —The term carbon residue is used throughout this test method to designate the carbonaceous residue formed after evaporation and pyrolysis of a petroleum product. The residue is not composed entirely of carbon, but is a coke which can be further changed by pyrolysis. The term carbon residue is continued in this test method only in deference to its wide common usage.
Note 2—Values obtained by this test method are not numerically the same as those obtained by Test Method D 524. Approximate correlations have been derived (see Fig. X1.1), but need not apply to all materials which can be tested because the carbon residue test is applied to a wide variety of petroleum products.
Note 3—The test results are equivalent to Test Method D 4530, (see Fig. X1.2 ).
Note 4—In diesel fuel, the presence of alkyl nitrates such as amyl nitrate, hexyl nitrate, or octyl nitrate causes a higher residue value than observed in untreated fuel, which can lead to erroneous conclusions as to the coke forming propensity of the fuel. The presence of alkyl nitrate in the fuel can be detected by Test Method D 4046.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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An American National Standard
Designation:D189–01 British Standard 4380
Designation: 13/94
Standard Test Method for
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Conradson Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D189; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This is also a standard of the Institute of Petroleum issued under the fixed designation IP13. The final number indicates the year of
last revision.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
This method was adopted as a joint ASTM—IP standard in 1964.
This method has been adopted for use by government agencies to replace Method 5001 of Federal Test Method Standard No. 791b.
observed in untreated fuel, which can lead to erroneous conclusions as to
1. Scope
the coke forming propensity of the fuel. The presence of alkyl nitrate in
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftheamount
the fuel can be detected by Test Method D4046.
of carbon residue (Note 1) left after evaporation and pyrolysis
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
ofanoil,andisintendedtoprovidesomeindicationofrelative
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
coke-forming propensities. This test method is generally ap-
only.
plicable to relatively nonvolatile petroleum products which
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
partially decompose on distillation at atmospheric pressure.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Petroleum products containing ash-forming constituents as
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
determinedbyTestMethodD482orIPMethod4willhavean
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
erroneously high carbon residue, depending upon the amount
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of ash formed (Note 2 and Note 4).
NOTE 1—The term carbon residue is used throughout this test method 2. Referenced Documents
to designate the carbonaceous residue formed after evaporation and
2.1 ASTM Standards:
pyrolysis of a petroleum product.The residue is not composed entirely of
2
D482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products
carbon,butisacokewhichcanbefurtherchangedbypyrolysis.Theterm
D524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of
carbon residue is continued in this test method only in deference to its
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Petroleum Products
wide common usage.
NOTE 2—Values obtained by this test method are not numerically the D4046 Test Method for Alkyl Nitrate in Diesel Fuels by
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same as those obtained by Test Method D524.Approximate correlations
Spectrophotometry
have been derived (see Fig. X1.1), but need not apply to all materials
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
which can be tested because the carbon residue test is applied to a wide
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Petroleum Products
variety of petroleum products.
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
NOTE 3—The test results are equivalent to Test Method D4530, (see
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Products, and Lubricants
Fig. X1.2).
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
NOTE 4—In diesel fuel, the presence of alkyl nitrates such as amyl
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nitrate, hexyl nitrate, or octyl nitrate causes a higher residue value than Petroleum Products
D4530 Test Method for Determination of Carbon Residue
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(Micro Method)
1 4
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
E1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
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PetroleumProductsandLubricantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee
E133 Specification for Distillation Equipment
D02.06 on Analysis of Lubricants.
Current edition approvedAug. 10, 2001. Published September 2001. Originally
3. Terminology
published as D189–24T. Last previous edition D189–97.
IntheIP,thismethodisunderthejurisdictionoftheStandardizationCommittee.
3.1 Definitions:
ThisprocedureisamodificationoftheoriginalConradsonmethodandapparatus
for Carbon Test and Ash Residue in Petroleum Lubricating Oils. See Proceedings,
Eighth International Congress of Applied Chemistry, New York, Vol 1, p. 131,
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September 1912; also Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, IECHA, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
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Vol 4, No. 11, December 1912. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
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In 1965, a new Fig. 2 on reproducibility and repeatability combiningASTM and Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
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IP precision data replaced old Fig. 2 and Note 4. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.04.
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