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ASTM D5430-04

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Visually Inspecting and Grading Fabrics

Standard Test Methods for Visually Inspecting and Grading Fabrics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Test Method D 5430 is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing a commercial shipments since the method has been used extensively in the trade for grading of fabric and fabric acceptance determination.
The penalty points obtained in grading the same rolls or bolts of fabric may vary considerably when using each of the three options listed herein. For this reason, the same point assignment option should be used in cases of disagreement arising from differences of values reported by the purchaser and the supplier.
If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative test should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, ensure the test samples to be used are as homogeneous as possible, are drawn from the material from which the disparate test results ere obtained, and are randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The test results from the two laboratories should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods describe a procedure to establish a numerical designation for grading of fabrics from a visual inspection.
1.2 These test methods may be used for the delivery and acceptance of fabrics with requirements mutually agreed upon by the purchaser and the supplier.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Nov-2004
ICS
59.080.30 - Textile fabrics
Technical Committee
D13 - Textiles
Drafting Committee
D13.59 - Fabric Physical Test Methods A
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5430-93(2000) - Standard Test Methods for Visually Inspecting and Grading Fabrics
Effective Date
01-Dec-2004
Replaced By
ASTM D5430-07 - Standard Test Methods for Visually Inspecting and Grading Fabrics
Effective Date
01-Dec-2007
Referred By
ASTM D4850-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test Methods
Effective Date
01-Dec-2004

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ASTM D5430-04 - Standard Test Methods for Visually Inspecting and Grading FabricsASTM D5430-04 - Standard Test Methods for Visually Inspecting and Grading Fabrics
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ASTM D5430-04 - Standard Test Methods for Visually Inspecting and Grading Fabrics
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D5430–04
Standard Test Methods for
1
Visually Inspecting and Grading Fabrics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5430; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.2 For definitions of other textile terms used in this test
method, refer to Terminologies D 123 and D 3990.
1.1 These test methods describe a procedure to establish a
numerical designation for grading of fabrics from a visual
4. Summary of Test Method
inspection.
4.1 Rolls or bolts of fabric are visually inspected and
1.2 These test methods may be used for the delivery and
individually graded at an examination station using an agreed
acceptance of fabrics with requirements mutually agreed upon
upon point system.
by the purchaser and the supplier.
4.2 Fabric is normally inspected and graded on one side
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
only. Certain types of end use fabrics may be inspected and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
gradedonbothsidesasagreeduponbetweenthepurchaserand
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
supplier.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Test Method D 5430 is considered satisfactory for
2. Referenced Documents
2
acceptance testing a commercial shipments since the method
2.1 ASTM Standards:
has been used extensively in the trade for grading of fabric and
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
fabric acceptance determination.
D 2905 Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens
5.2 The penalty points obtained in grading the same rolls or
for Textiles
bolts of fabric may vary considerably when using each of the
D 3990 Definition of Terms Relating to Fabric Defects
three options listed herein. For this reason, the same point
D 4849 Terminology Relating to Yarns and Fibers
assignment option should be used in cases of disagreement
D 4850 Terminology Relating to Fabric
3 arising from differences of values reported by the purchaser
2.2 ANSI Standards:
and the supplier.
ANSI/ASQC Standard A1-1978 Definitions, Symbols, For-
5.3 If there are differences of practical significance between
mulas, and Tables for Control Charts
reported test results for two laboratories (or more), compara-
ANSI/ASQC Standard Z1.4-1981 Sampling Procedures and
tive test should be performed to determine if there is a
Tables for Inspection by Attributes.
statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assis-
3. Terminology tance.As a minimum, ensure the test samples to be used are as
homogeneous as possible, are drawn from the material from
3.1 Definitions:
which the disparate test results ere obtained, and are randomly
3.1.1 For definition of textile terms used in this test method:
assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The
critical defect; defect, in inspection and grading; grade; inspec-
testresultsfromthetwolaboratoriesshouldbecomparedusing
tion; major defect; minor defect, refer to Terminology D 4850
a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen
.
prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause
must be found and corrected, or future test results for that
1
material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on
Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test
Methods, General. 6. Apparatus
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2004. Published January 2005. Originally
6.1 A suitable fabric inspection machine providing a flat
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 1993 as D 5430–99
2
viewing area and an interruptible speed controlled fabric
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
rewind. Examination and grading are usually done with over-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
head direct lighting. The inspection machine may be equipped
the ASTM website.
3 with the option of back lighting (transmitted) light providing
AmericanSocietyforQualityControl,310W.WisconsinAve.,Milwaukee,WS
53203. the choice by prior agreement depending on the fabric end use.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5430–04
The overhead direct lighting source shall be mounted parallel options of assign
...

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5.1 Acceptance Testing—This method of testing fabrics for resistance to pilling is not recommended for acceptance testing. If it is used for acceptance testing, it should be used with caution because the between-laboratory precision is poor. In some cases the purchaser and the supplier may have to test a commercial shipment of one or more specific materials by the best available test method, even though the test method is not recommended for acceptance testing.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the propensity of a fabric to form pills and other related surface changes on textiles using the random tumble pilling tester. The procedure is generally applicable to all types of woven and knitted apparel fabrics.  
Note 1: For other test methods for the pilling resistance of textiles, refer to Test Methods D3511/D3511M, D3514/D3514M, and D4970/D4970M.  
1.2 Some fabrics that have been treated with a silicone resin may not be satisfactorily tested by this procedure because the silicone resin may transfer onto the cork liners in the test chamber and cause erroneous results.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
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Standard Test Method for Pilling Resistance and Other Related Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Martindale Tester

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5.1 Acceptance Testing—This method of testing fabrics resistance to pilling is not recommended for acceptance testing. If it is used for acceptance testing, it should be used with caution because interlaboratory data are not available. In some cases the purchaser or supplier may have to test a commercial shipment of one or more specific materials by the best available method even though the method has not been recommended for acceptance testing. Although this test method is not recommended for acceptance testing, it is useful because it is used widely outside the United States.  
5.2 If there is a disagreement arising from differences in values reported by the purchaser and the supplier when using this test method, the statistical bias, if any, between the laboratory of the purchaser and the laboratory of the supplier should be determined with comparison being based on testing specimens randomly drawn from one sample of material of the type being evaluated. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. A minimum of two parties should take a group of test specimens, which are as homogeneous as possible and which are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens then should be assigned randomly in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average test results from the two laboratories should be compared using an acceptable statistical protocol and probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is started. Appropriate statistical disciplines for comparing data must be used when the purchaser and supplier cannot agree. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future results with consideration for the known bias.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance to the formation of pills and other related surface changes on textile fabrics using the Martindale tester.
Note 1: For other methods, if testing the pilling resistance of textiles, refer to Test Methods D3511/D3511M, D3512/D3512M, and D3514.  
1.2 This test method is generally applicable to knit, woven, and nonwoven fabrics; however, material thickness may limit suitability for testing due to specimen holder capacity.  
1.3 The fabric may be laundered or dry cleaned before testing as agreed upon among interested parties.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D4966-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)

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5.1 Acceptance Testing—this test method is not considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of fabric. The between-laboratory precision of this test method is poor and, because of the nature of abrasion testing itself, technicians frequently fail to obtain results in agreement on the same type of testing instrument, both within and between laboratories. Although this test method is not recommended for acceptance testing, it is useful because it is used widely, especially outside the United States.  
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens then should be assigned randomly in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Students t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in light of the known bias.  
5.2 The resistance to abrasion also is affected greatly by the conditions of the tests, such as the nature of abradant; variable action of the abradant over the area of specimen abraded, the tension on the specimen, the pressure between the specimen and abradant, and the dimensional changes in the specimen.  
5.3 Abrasion tests are all subject to variation due to changes in the abradant during specific tests. The abradant must be changed accordingly at freque...
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abrasion resistance of textile fabrics using the Martindale abrasion tester. The method is generally applicable to knit, woven, and nonwoven fabrics; however, material thickness may limit suitability for testing due to specimen holder capacity.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: For other current test methods of testing the abrasion resistance of textiles refer to Test Methods D3884, D3885, D3886, D4157, D4158, and AATCC TM93.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off