ASTM D8284-19

Standard Test Method for Determination of the Total Alkalinity in Sulfated, Sulfonated Oils and Fatliquors

SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the total alkalinity of the fixed alkali, ammonia and triethanolamine which are bound as soap; free alkali, and the alkalinity of titratable alkaline salts, but not that of non-titratable alkaline salts.  
1.2 Applicable to sulfated, sulfonated oils and fatliquors used in the softening and stuffing of leather.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2019
• ICS: 59.140.30 - Leather and furs
• ICS: 83.040.30 - Auxiliary materials and additives for plastics
• Technical Committee: D31 - Leather
• Drafting Committee: D31.08 - Fats and Oils

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D8284 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Determination of the Total Alkalinity in Sulfated, Sulfonated
1
Oils and Fatliquors
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8284; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope KOH per milliliter; 1 mLof 0.5N NaOH solution is equivalent
to 28.05 mg of KOH.
1.1 This test method determines the total alkalinity of the
fixed alkali, ammonia and triethanolamine which are bound as 4.2 SulfuricAcid,Standard(0.5N)—Accuratelyprepareand
soap; free alkali, and the alkalinity of titratable alkaline salts, standardize a 0.5 N sulfuric acid (H SO ) solution. Express the
2 4
but not that of non-titratable alkaline salts. concentration of the solution as milligrams of KOH per
milliliter; 1 mL of 0.5 N H SO is equivalent to 28.05 mg of
2 4
1.2 Applicable to sulfated, sulfonated oils and fatliquors
KOH.
used in the softening and stuffing of leather.
4.3 Diethyl Ether—A.C.S. grade.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.4 Hexane—A.C.S. grade.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.5 Sodium Chloride (NaCl)—A.C.S. grade.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4.6 Methyl Orange Indicator Solution (1 g/L)—Dissolve
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
0.1 g of methyl orange in 100 mL of water.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5. Procedure
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5.1 Dissolve 10 g of the sample in 100 mL of water in a
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
300-mLglass-stoppered Erlenmeyer flask, warming to obtain a
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
solution, if necessary. After cooling, add 30 g of NaCl, 25 mL
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
of Diethyl Ether or Hexane, and five drops of methyl orange
2. Referenced Documents indicator solution. Slowly add 0.5 N H SO , a few drops at a
2 4
2 time, swirling the flask frequently to combine until the mixture
2.1 ASTM Standards:
isslightlyacidicandthecolorshifts,fromyellowtoamber-red.
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
Stopper and shake the contents of the flask vigorously, repeat-
ASTM Test Methods
ing until vigorous shaking does not cause the color shift to
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
revert. Complete the titration by adding 0.5 N NaOH solution
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
several drops at a time, until the solution is alkaline. Back-
3. Apparatus titrate with acid, one or two drops at a time until the end point
is reached. Shake the solution vigorously after each addition of
3.1 The apparatus required consists of an Erlenmeyer flask,
reagent. Wait 3 min before taking readings of the burette.
250 or 300 mL, provided with a glass stopper.
6. Calculation
4. Reagents
6.1 The total alkalinity is expressed as mg KOH/g; calculate
4.1 Sodium Hydroxide, Standard Solution (0.5 N)—
it as follows:
Accurately prepare and standardize a 0.5 N NaOH solution.
Express the concentration of the solution as milligrams of A 5 B 3 D 2 C 3 E 356.1⁄W (1)
@~ ! ~ !#
where:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D31 on Leather
A = total alkalinity, mg of KOH/g,
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.08 on Fats and Oils.
B = millilitres of H SO required for titration of the sample,
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Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2019. Published September 2019. DOI:
C = millilitres of NaOH solution required for titration of the
10.1520/D8284-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
sample,
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
D = titer of H SO , Standard solution (0.5 N)
2 4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
E = titer of NaOH solution, Standard solution (0.5 N)
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D8284 − 19
run, in the normal and correct operation of the test method,
W = weight of sample, g.
exceed the following values only in one case in 20.
7. Precision and Bias
7.1.2.1 Reproducibility can be interpreted as
...