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ASTM C685/C685M-11

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Concrete Made by Volumetric Batching and Continuous Mixing

Standard Specification for Concrete Made by Volumetric Batching and Continuous Mixing

ABSTRACT
This specification covers concrete made by volumetric batching and continuous mixing. Requirements for quality of concrete shall be either as hereinafter specified or as specified by the purchaser. When the requirements of the purchaser differ from this specification, the purchaser's specification shall govern. This specification does not cover the placement, consolidation, finishing, curing, or protection of the concrete after delivery to the purchaser. Tests and criteria for batching accuracy and mixing efficiency are specified herein. Materials such as cement, aggregates, water, ground granulated blast-furnace slag, air-entraining admixtures, and chemical admixtures shall conform to the requirements covered in this specification. The material shall be subjected to the following test methods: compression test specimens; compression tests; yield; unit weight; air content; slump; and temperature.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
A1.2.1 These tests and requirements are used to evaluate loading and operating procedures; verify the accuracy of proportioning and indicating systems; and determine if mixing uniformity has been degraded by excessive wear or by accumulations of hardened concrete, or both (Note A1.1).
Note A1.1—The method of loading the batching-mixing unit, proper maintenance, and other factors may have an effect on the ability of the unit to produce uniformly mixed concrete. For this reason, the use of this test method not only measures the efficiency of the mixer, but also the combined effect of the method of loading and operating the unit.
A1.2.2 This annex provides additional procedures and cautions that are necessary in the application of existing test methods and practices when used to determine the uniformity of freshly mixed concrete.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers concrete made from materials continuously batched by volume, mixed in a continuous mixer, and delivered to the purchaser in a freshly mixed and unhardened state as hereinafter specified. Requirements for quality of concrete shall be either as hereinafter specified or as specified by the purchaser. When the requirements of the purchaser differ from this specification, the purchaser's specification shall govern. This specification does not cover the placement, consolidation, finishing, curing, or protection of the concrete after delivery to the purchaser. Tests and criteria for batching accuracy and mixing efficiency are specified herein.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units, shown in brackets, or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this specification.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (WarningFresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged use. )

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Dec-2011
ICS
91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
Technical Committee
C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
Drafting Committee
C09.40 - Ready-Mixed Concrete
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C685/C685M-10 - Standard Specification for Concrete Made by Volumetric Batching and Continuous Mixing
Effective Date
15-Dec-2011
Replaced By
ASTM C685/C685M-14 - Standard Specification for Concrete Made by Volumetric Batching and Continuous Mixing
Effective Date
15-Dec-2014
Referred By
ASTM C1227-23 - Standard Specification for Precast Concrete Septic Tanks
Effective Date
15-Dec-2011
Referred By
ASTM C913-21 - Standard Specification for Precast Concrete Water and Wastewater Structures
Effective Date
15-Dec-2011
Referred By
ASTM C1613-22 - Standard Specification for Precast Concrete Gravity Grease Interceptor Tanks
Effective Date
15-Dec-2011
Referred By
ASTM C1116/C1116M-23 - Standard Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
Effective Date
15-Dec-2011
Referred By
ASTM C172/C172M-17 - Standard Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
Effective Date
15-Dec-2011
Referred By
ASTM F1090-15 - Standard Classification for Bank and Mercantile Vault Construction
Effective Date
15-Dec-2011
Referred By
ASTM C94/C94M-23 - Standard Specification for Ready-Mixed Concrete
Effective Date
15-Dec-2011

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C685/C685M −11
StandardSpecification for
Concrete Made by Volumetric Batching and Continuous
1
Mixing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C685/C685M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 This specification covers concrete made from materials 2.1 ASTM Standards:
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
continuously batched by volume, mixed in a continuous mixer,
and delivered to the purchaser in a freshly mixed and unhard- Specimens in the Field
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
ened state as hereinafter specified. Requirements for quality of
concrete shall be either as hereinafter specified or as specified C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
drical Concrete Specimens
bythepurchaser.Whentherequirementsofthepurchaserdiffer
from this specification, the purchaser’s specification shall C94/C94M Specification for Ready-Mixed Concrete
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
govern. This specification does not cover the placement,
consolidation, finishing, curing, or protection of the concrete gregates
C127 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
after delivery to the purchaser. Tests and criteria for batching
Gravity), and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
accuracy and mixing efficiency are specified herein.
C136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse
1.2 The values stated in either SI units, shown in brackets,
Aggregates
or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard.
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight),Yield,
The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyoftheother.
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement
Combining values from the two systems may result in noncon-
Concrete
formance with the standard.
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
1.3 This specification references notes and footnotes which
C173/C173M Test Method forAir Content of Freshly Mixed
provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (ex-
Concrete by the Volumetric Method
cluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as
C231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Con-
requirements of this specification.
crete by the Pressure Method
C260 Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Con-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all the safety
crete
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
C330 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Struc-
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
tural Concrete
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for
limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementi-
Concrete
tious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to
2
C567 Test Method for Determining Density of Structural
skin and tissue upon prolonged use. )
Lightweight Concrete
C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
C637 Specification for Aggregates for Radiation-Shielding
Concrete and Concrete Aggregatesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
Concrete
C09.40 on Ready-Mixed Concrete.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2011. Published January 2012. Originally
3
approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C685/C685M–10. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI: 10.1520/C0685_C0685M-11. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
See Section on Safety Precautions, Manual ofAggregate and Concrete Testing, Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C685/C685M−11
C989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and 4. Basis of Purchase
Mortars
4.1 The basis of purchase shall be the cubic yard or cubic
C1017/C1017M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for
metre of fresh concrete as it is continuously discharged from
Use in Producing Flowing Concrete
the batching and mixing apparatus.
C1064/C1064M Test Method for Temperature of F
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C685/C685M–10 Designation: C685/C685M – 11
Standard Specification for
Concrete Made by Volumetric Batching and Continuous
1
Mixing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C685/C685M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers concrete made from materials continuously batched by volume, mixed in a continuous mixer, and
delivered to the purchaser in a freshly mixed and unhardened state as hereinafter specified. Requirements for quality of concrete
shall be either as hereinafter specified or as specified by the purchaser. When the requirements of the purchaser differ from this
specification, the purchaser’s specification shall govern. This specification does not cover the placement, consolidation, finishing,
curing, or protection of the concrete after delivery to the purchaser. Tests and criteria for batching accuracy and mixing efficiency
are specified herein.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units, shown in brackets, or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The
values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.
Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding
those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this specification.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of
the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and
2
tissue upon prolonged use. )
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens C94/C94M
C94/C94M Specification for Ready-Mixed Concrete
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C127 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
C136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
C173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method
C231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure Method
C260 Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
C330 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural Concrete
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
C567 Test Method for Determining Density of Structural Lightweight Concrete
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.40 on
Ready-Mixed Concrete.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2010. Published March 2010. Originally approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C685/C685M–07. DOI:
10.1520/C0685_C0685M-10.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2011. Published January 2012. Originally approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C685/C685M–10. DOI:
10.1520/C0685_C0685M-11.
2
See Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C685/C6
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Alkali-silica reaction is a chemical interaction between some siliceous constituents of concrete aggregates and hydroxyl ions (1).5 The concentration of hydroxyl ion within the concrete is predominantly controlled by the concentration of sodium and potassium (2).  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the susceptibility of an aggregate or combination of an aggregate with pozzolan or slag for participation in expansive alkali-silica reaction by measurement of length change of concrete prisms.  
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ABSTRACT
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1.1 This practice covers apparatus, materials, and procedures for capping freshly molded concrete cylinders with neat cement and hardened cylinders and drilled concrete cores with high-strength gypsum paste or sulfur mortar.  
1.2 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precaution statements see 4.3.1 and 6.2.4.1.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C1621/C1621M-17(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Passing Ability of Self-Consolidating Concrete by J-Ring

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a procedure to determine the passing ability of self-consolidating concrete. This test method is applicable for laboratory use in comparing the passing ability of different concrete mixtures. It is also applicable in the field as a quality control test.  
5.2 The difference between the slump flow and J-Ring flow is an indication of the passing ability of the concrete. A difference less than 25 mm [1 in.] indicates good passing ability and a difference greater than 50 mm [2 in.] indicates poor passing ability. The orientation of the mold for the J-Ring test and for the slump flow test without the J-Ring shall be the same.  
5.3 This test method is limited to self-consolidating concrete with nominal maximum size of aggregate of up to 25 mm [1 in.].
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the passing ability of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) by using the J-Ring in combination with a mold.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C173/C173M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method covers the determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete. It measures the air contained in the mortar fraction of the concrete, but is not affected by air that may be present inside porous aggregate particles.  
4.1.1 Therefore, this is the appropriate test to determine the air content of concretes containing lightweight aggregates, air-cooled slag, and highly porous or vesicular natural aggregates.  
4.2 This test method requires the addition of sufficient isopropyl alcohol, when the meter is initially being filled with water, so that after the first or subsequent rollings little or no foam collects in the neck of the top section of the meter. If more foam is present than that equivalent to 2 % air above the water level, the test is declared invalid and must be repeated using a larger quantity of alcohol. Addition of alcohol to dispel foam any time after the initial filling of the meter to the zero mark is not permitted.  
4.3 The air content of hardened concrete may be either higher or lower than that determined by this test method. This depends upon the methods and amounts of consolidation effort applied to the concrete from which the hardened concrete specimen is taken; uniformity and stability of the air bubbles in the fresh and hardened concrete; accuracy of the microscopic examination, if used; time of comparison; environmental exposure; stage in the delivery, placement and consolidation processes at which the air content of the unhardened concrete is determined, that is, before or after the concrete goes through a pump; and other factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete containing any type of aggregate, whether it be dense, cellular, or lightweight.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C138/C138M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete

ABSTRACT
This test method covers determination of the density of freshly mixed concrete and gives formulas for calculating the unit weight, yield or relative yield, cement content, and air content of the concrete. Yield is defined as the volume of concrete produced from a mixture of known quantities of the component materials. The test method shall use the following apparatuses: balance or scale; tamping rod, which is a round straight steel rod having the tamping end rounded to a hemispherical tip; internal vibrator which may have rigid of flexible shafts, preferably powered by electric motors; measure, which is a cylindrical container made of steel or other suitable metal specified herein; strike-off plate; mallet; and scoop of a size large enough so each amount of concrete obtained from the sampling receptacle is representative and small enough so it is not spilled during placement in the measure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the density (see Note 1) of freshly mixed concrete and gives formulas for calculating the yield, cement content, and air content of the concrete. Yield is defined as the volume of concrete produced from a mixture of known quantities of the component materials.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
Note 1: Unit weight was the previous terminology used to describe the property determined by this test method, which is mass per unit volume.  
1.3 The text of this test method refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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