ASTM D3237-06e1

Standard Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to ensure compliance of trace lead as required by federal regulation for lead-free gasoline (40 CFR part 80).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the total lead content of gasoline within the concentration range of 0.010 to 0.10 g of lead/U.S. gal (2.5 to 25 mg/L). This test method compensates for variations in gasoline composition and is independent of lead alkyl type.
1.2 The values given in grams per U.S. gallon are to be regarded as the standard in the United States. Note that in other countries, other units can be preferred.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 6.6 and 6.8.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2006
• ICS: 75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.03 - Elemental Analysis

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D3237-06 - Standard Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2006
• Replaced By: ASTM D3237-12 - Standard Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D7589-16e1 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Effects of Automotive Engine Oils on Fuel Economy of Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks in Sequence VID Spark Ignition Engine<rangeref></rangeref >
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D8114-23 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Effects of Automotive Engine Oils on Fuel Economy of Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks in Sequence VIE Spark Ignition
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D7547-23 - Standard Specification for Hydrocarbon Unleaded Aviation Gasoline
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D6201-19a - Standard Test Method for Dynamometer Evaluation of Unleaded Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel for Intake Valve Deposit Formation
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D8076-21b - Standard Specification for 100 Research Octane Number Test Fuel for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D7719-21a - Standard Specification for High Aromatic Content Unleaded Hydrocarbon Aviation Gasoline Test Fuel
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D6593-18e1 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of Deposit Formation in a Spark-Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Fueled with Gasoline and Operated Under Low-Temperature, Light-Duty Conditions
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D8291-23 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Performance of Automotive Engine Oils in the Mitigation of Low-Speed, Preignition in the Sequence IX Gasoline Turbocharged Direct-Injection, Spark-Ignition Engine
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D7455-19 - Standard Practice for Sample Preparation of Petroleum and Lubricant Products for Elemental Analysis
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D7740-20 - Standard Practice for Optimization, Calibration, and Validation of Atomic Absorption Spectrometry for Metal Analysis of Petroleum Products and Lubricants
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D6227-18(2023) - Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Containing a Non-hydrocarbon Component
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D4814-23 - Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D6709-22 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence VIII Spark-Ignition Engine (CLR Oil Test Engine)
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2006

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
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Designation: D3237 − 06
StandardTest Method for
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Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3237; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1
´ NOTE—Corrected footnote references in Paragraph X1.6 editorially in April 2007.
1. Scope* Measurement System Performance
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the total
3. Summary of Test Method
lead content of gasoline within the concentration range of
3.1 The gasoline sample is diluted with methyl isobutyl
0.010 to 0.10 g of lead/U.S. gal (2.5 to 25 mg/L). This test
ketoneandthealkylleadcomponentsarestabilizedbyreaction
method compensates for variations in gasoline composition
with iodine and a quaternary ammonium salt. The lead content
and is independent of lead alkyl type.
of the sample is determined by atomic absorption flame
1.2 The values given in grams per U.S. gallon are to be
spectrometry at 283.3 nm, using standards prepared from
regardedasthestandardintheUnitedStates.Notethatinother
reagent grade lead chloride. By the use of this treatment, all
countries, other units can be preferred.
alkyl lead compounds give identical response.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 4.1 This test method is used to ensure compliance of trace
leadasrequiredbyfederalregulationforlead-freegasoline(40
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard CFR part 80).
statements, see 6.6 and 6.8.
5. Apparatus
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, capable of scale ex-
2
pansion and nebulizer adjustment, and equipped with a slot
2.1 ASTM Standards:
burnerandpremixchamberforusewithanair-acetyleneflame.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1368 Test Method for Trace Concentrations of Lead in
5.2 Volumetric Flasks, 50-mL, 100-mL, 250-mL, and 1-L
3
Primary Reference Fuels (Withdrawn 1994)
sizes.
D2550 Method of Test for Water Separation Characteristics
5.3 Pipets, 2-mL, 5-mL, 10-mL, 20-mL, and 50-mL sizes.
3
of Aviation Turbine Fuels (Withdrawn 1989)
5.4 Micropipet, 100-µL, Eppendorf type or equivalent.
D3116 Test Method for Trace Amounts of Lead in Gasoline
3
(Withdrawn 1994)
6. Reagents
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
Petroleum Products
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
tee onAnalytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society,
4
where such specifications are available.
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
6.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.03 on Elemental Analysis. to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as defined
Current edition approved April 18, 2007. Published January 2007. Originally
by Types II or III of Specification D1193.
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D3237 – 02. DOI:
10.1520/D3237–06E01.
2 4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
the ASTM website. Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
www.astm.org. MD.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
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D3237 − 06
6.3 Aliquat 336 (tricapryl methyl ammonium chloride). 8. Calibration
8.1 Preparation of Working Standards—Preparethreework-
6.4 Aliquat 336
...