ASTM D909-22

Standard Test Method for Supercharge Rating of Spark-Ignition Aviation Gasoline

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Supercharge method ratings can provide an indication of the rich-mixture antiknock performance of aviation gasoline in aviation piston engines.  
5.2 Supercharge method ratings are used by petroleum refiners and marketers and in commerce as a primary specification measurement to ensure proper matching of fuel antiknock quality and engine requirement.  
5.3 Supercharge method ratings may be used by aviation engine and aircraft manufacturers as a specification measurement related to matching of fuels and engines.
SCOPE
1.1 This laboratory test method covers the quantitative determination of supercharge ratings of spark-ignition aviation gasoline. The sample fuel is tested using a standardized single cylinder, four-stroke cycle, indirect injected, liquid cooled, CFR engine run in accordance with a defined set of operating conditions.  
1.2 The supercharge rating is calculated by linear interpolation of the knock limited power of the sample compared to the knock limited power of bracketing reference fuel blends.  
1.3 The rating scale covers the range from 85 octane number to Isooctane + 6.0 mL TEL/U.S. gal.  
1.4 The values of operating conditions are stated in SI units and are considered standard. The values in parentheses are the historical inch-pound units. The standardized CFR engine measurements and reference fuel concentrations continue to be in historical units.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Annex A1.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2022
• ICS: 75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.01 - Combustion Characteristics

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D909 − 22 Method 6012.6—Federal Test
Method Standard No. 791b
Standard Test Method for
1
Supercharge Rating of Spark-Ignition Aviation Gasoline
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D909; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This laboratory test method covers the quantitative
determination of supercharge ratings of spark-ignition aviation D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2268 Test Method for Analysis of High-Purity n-Heptane
gasoline. The sample fuel is tested using a standardized single
cylinder, four-stroke cycle, indirect injected, liquid cooled, and Isooctane by Capillary Gas Chromatography
D3237 TestMethodforLeadinGasolinebyAtomicAbsorp-
CFR engine run in accordance with a defined set of operating
conditions. tion Spectroscopy
D3341 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline—Iodine Mono-
1.2 The supercharge rating is calculated by linear interpo-
chloride Method
lation of the knock limited power of the sample compared to
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
the knock limited power of bracketing reference fuel blends.
Petroleum Products
1.3 The rating scale covers the range from 85 octane
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
number to Isooctane + 6.0 mL TEL⁄U.S. gal.
Fuels, and Lubricants
D5059 Test Methods for Lead and Manganese in Gasoline
1.4 The values of operating conditions are stated in SI units
by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy
and are considered standard. The values in parentheses are the
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
historical inch-pound units. The standardized CFR engine
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
measurements and reference fuel concentrations continue to be
Measurement System Performance
in historical units.
E344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrom-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
etry
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3
2.2 CFR Engine Manuals:
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
CFR F-4 Form 846 Supercharge Method Aviation Gasoline
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Rating Unit Installation Manual
Specific precautionary statements are given in Annex A1.
CFR F-4 Form 893 Supercharge Method Aviation Gasoline
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
Rating Unit Operation & Maintenance
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4
2.3 Energy Institute Standard:
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
IP 224/02 Determination of Low Lead Content of Light
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Petroleum Distillates by Dithizone Extraction and Colo-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
rimetric Method
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of the ASTM website.
3
Subcommittee D02.01 on Combustion Characteristics. Available from CFR Engines, Inc., N8 W22577, Johnson Dr., Pewaukee, WI
Current edition approved May 1, 2022. Published May 2022. Originally 53186.
4
approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as D909 – 21. DOI: Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, W1G 7AR,
10.1520/D0909-22. U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D909 − 22
3. Terminology mean effective pressure, over a range of fuel-air ratios from
approximately0.08toapproximately0.12,whenasupercharge
3.1 Definitions:
test engine is operated on isooctane plus 6 mLof tetraethyllead
3.1.1 accepted reference value, n—a value that serves as an
per U.S. gallon
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D909 − 21 D909 − 22 Method 6012.6—Federal Test
Method Standard No. 791b
Standard Test Method for
1
Supercharge Rating of Spark-Ignition Aviation Gasoline
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D909; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This laboratory test method covers the quantitative determination of supercharge ratings of spark-ignition aviation gasoline.
The sample fuel is tested using a standardized single cylinder, four-stroke cycle, indirect injected, liquid cooled, CFR engine run
in accordance with a defined set of operating conditions.
1.2 The supercharge rating is calculated by linear interpolation of the knock limited power of the sample compared to the knock
limited power of bracketing reference fuel blends.
1.3 The rating scale covers the range from 85 octane number to Isooctane + 6.0 mL TEL ⁄U.S. gal.
1.4 The values of operating conditions are stated in SI units and are considered standard. The values in parentheses are the
historical inch-pound units. The standardized CFR engine measurements and reference fuel concentrations continue to be in
historical units.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Annex A1.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2268 Test Method for Analysis of High-Purity n-Heptane and Isooctane by Capillary Gas Chromatography
D3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
D3341 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline—Iodine Monochloride Method
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.01 on Combustion Characteristics.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2021May 1, 2022. Published December 2021May 2022. Originally approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 20182021 as
ɛ1
D909 – 18D909 – 21. . DOI: 10.1520/D0909-21.10.1520/D0909-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D909 − 22
D5059 Test Methods for Lead and Manganese in Gasoline by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
E344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrometry
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
3
2.2 CFR Engine Manuals:
CFR F-4 Form 846 Supercharge Method Aviation Gasoline Rating Unit Installation Manual
CFR F-4 Form 893 Supercharge Method Aviation Gasoline Rating Unit Operation & Maintenance
4
2.3 Energy Institute Standard:
IP 224/02 Determination of Low Lead Content of Light Petroleum Distillates by Dithizone Extraction and Colorimetric Method
2.4 ASTM Adjuncts:
5
Rating Data Sheet
6
Reference Fuel Framework Graphs
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 accepted reference value, n—a value that serves as an agreed-upon reference for comparison, and which is derived as: (1)
a theoretical or established value, based on scientific princ
...