ASTM C1171-15
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Quantitatively Measuring the Effect of Thermal Shock and Thermal Cycling on Refractories
Standard Test Method for Quantitatively Measuring the Effect of Thermal Shock and Thermal Cycling on Refractories
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method indicates the ability of a refractory product to withstand the stress generated by sudden changes in temperature.
3.2 Because the recommended furnace temperature of this cycling test is 1200°C (2190°F), this test method may not indicate the ability of a refractory product to withstand cycling at higher or lower temperatures, especially if the existing morphology of the refractory product changes.
3.3 This test method is useful for research and development, as well as for comparing refractory products. The precision should be considered when using this test for specification purposes.
3.4 Ruggedness tests found the following variables to be rugged:
temperature
+5°C
hot spacing
1/2 to 3/4 in. (12.77 to 19 mm)
cold spacing
1/2 to 3/4 in. (12.77 to 19 mm)
center vs. end gripping of the bars
hot hold time
10 to 15 min
cold hold time
10 to 15 min
operator air speed
0 to 2 mi/h (0 to 3.2 km/h)
initially cold or heated samples
last in, first out (LIFO); or first in, first out (FIFO)
removal from the furnace
sawed or original surface as tensile face during MOR testing
bar thickness
0.96 to 1.04 in. (24.5 to 26.4 mm)
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used for determining the strength loss or reduction in continuity, or both, of prism-shaped specimens which are cut from refractory brick or shapes and subjected to thermal cycling.
1.2 The strength loss is measured by the difference in modulus of rupture (MOR) between uncycled specimens and the specimens subjected to thermal cycling.
1.3 The reduction in structural continuity is estimated by the difference in sonic velocity before and after thermal cycling.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: C1171 − 15
StandardTest Method for
Quantitatively Measuring the Effect of Thermal Shock and
1
Thermal Cycling on Refractories
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1171; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.1 This test method is used for determining the strength
3. Significance and Use
loss or reduction in continuity, or both, of prism-shaped
specimens which are cut from refractory brick or shapes and
3.1 This test method indicates the ability of a refractory
subjected to thermal cycling.
product to withstand the stress generated by sudden changes in
temperature.
1.2 The strength loss is measured by the difference in
modulus of rupture (MOR) between uncycled specimens and
3.2 Because the recommended furnace temperature of this
the specimens subjected to thermal cycling.
cycling test is 1200°C (2190°F), this test method may not
indicate the ability of a refractory product to withstand cycling
1.3 Thereductioninstructuralcontinuityisestimatedbythe
at higher or lower temperatures, especially if the existing
difference in sonic velocity before and after thermal cycling.
morphology of the refractory product changes.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.3 This test method is useful for research and development,
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only as well as for comparing refractory products. The precision
and are not considered standard.
should be considered when using this test for specification
purposes.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.4 Ruggedness tests found the following variables to be
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
rugged:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
temperature +5°C
1 3
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
hot spacing ⁄2 to ⁄4 in. (12.77 to 19 mm)
1 3
cold spacing ⁄2 to ⁄4 in. (12.77 to 19 mm)
center vs. end gripping of the bars
2. Referenced Documents
hot holdtime 10to15min
2
coldholdtime 10to15min
2.1 ASTM Standards:
operator air speed 0 to 2 mi/h (0 to 3.2 km/h)
C133 Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and Modu-
initially cold or heated samples
lus of Rupture of Refractories
last in, first out (LIFO); or first in, first out (FIFO)
removal from the furnace
C607 Practice for Coking Large Shapes of Carbon-Bearing
sawed or original surface as tensile face during MOR testing
Materials
bar thickness 0.96 to 1.04 in. (24.5 to 26.4 mm)
C1419 Test Method for Sonic Velocity in Refractory Mate-
rials at Room Temperature and Its Use in Obtaining an
4. Apparatus
Approximate Young’s Modulus
4.1 Furnace, capable of maintaining 1200°C (2190°F) with
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
recovery rate of less than 5 min to temperature.
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
4.2 Abrasive Saw, to cut the test specimens.
4.3 Dryer, capable of operating at 105°C to 110°C (220°F to
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on
230°F).
Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.02 on Thermal
Properties.
4.4 Tongs or Fork, for handling hot specimens.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015. Published December 2015. Originally
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C1171 – 05(2011).
4.5 Safety Equipment, such as gloves, face shields, and
DOI: 10.1520/C1171-15.
2
tinted safety glasses.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.6 AluminaSetterBrick, 90 %, placed 5 in. (127 mm) apart
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. in and outside the furnace.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1171 − 15
specimens into two equal groups on the basis of similar
distributions of velocity measurements.
7.2 Determine the cold modulus of rupture (using Test
Methods C133) on one group, using three point loading with a
5-in. (127-mm) span and a loading rate of 175 lbf/min (778
N/mm).
7.3 Preheat the test furnace to the test temperature of 1200
6 15°C (2190 6 25°F); preheating is usually done the night
prior to testing. Use of other test temperatures is allowed and
must be includ
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1171 − 05 (Reapproved 2011) C1171 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Quantitatively Measuring the Effect of Thermal Shock and
1
Thermal Cycling on Refractories
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1171; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method is used for determining the strength loss or reduction in continuity, or both, of prism-shaped specimens
which are cut from refractory brick or shapes and subjected to thermal cycling.
1.2 The strength loss is measured by the difference in modulus of rupture (MOR) between uncycled specimens and the
specimens subjected to thermal cycling.
1.3 The reduction in structural continuity is estimated by the difference in sonic velocity before and after thermal cycling.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C133 Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and Modulus of Rupture of Refractories
C607 Practice for Coking Large Shapes of Carbon-Bearing Materials
C1419 Test Method for Sonic Velocity in Refractory Materials at Room Temperature and Its Use in Obtaining an Approximate
Young’s Modulus
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method indicates the ability of a refractory product to withstand the stress generated by sudden changes in
temperature.
3.2 Because the recommended furnace temperature of this cycling test is 1200°C (2190°F), this test method may not indicate
the ability of a refractory product to withstand cycling at higher or lower temperatures, especially if the existing morphology of
the refractory product changes.
3.3 This test method is useful for research and development, as well as for comparing refractory products. The precision should
be considered when using this test for specification purposes.
3.4 Ruggedness tests found the following variables to be rugged:
temperature +5°C
1 3
hot spacing ⁄2 to ⁄4 in. (12.77 to 19 mm)
1 3
cold spacing ⁄2 to ⁄4 in. (12.77 to 19 mm)
center vs. end gripping of the bars
hot hold time 10 to 15 min
cold hold time 10 to 15 min
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.02 on Thermal Properties.
Current edition approved March 1, 2011Oct. 1, 2015. Published May 2011December 2015. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20052011 as
C1171 – 05.C1171 – 05(2011). DOI: 10.1520/C1171-05R11.10.1520/C1171-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1171 − 15
operator air speed 0 to 2 mi/h (0 to 3.2 km/h)
initially cold or heated samples
last in, first out (LIFO); or first in, first out (FIFO)
removal from the furnace
sawed or original surface as tensile face during MOR testing
bar thickness 0.96 to 1.04 in. (24.5 to 26.4 mm)
4. Apparatus
4.1 Furnace, capable of maintaining 1200°C (2190°F) with recovery rate of less than 5 min to temperature.
4.2 Abrasive Saw, to cut the test specimens.
4.3 Dryer, capable of operating at 105°C to 110°C (220°F to 230°F).
4.4 Tongs or Fork, for handling hot specimens.
4.5 Safety Equipment, such as gloves, face shields, and tinted safety glasses.
4.6 Alumina Setter Brick, 90 %, placed 5 in. (127 mm) apart in and outside the furnace.
4.7 Strength Testing Machine—Any form of standard mechanical or hydraulic compression testing machi
...
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