ASTM D3138-21

Standard Specification for Solvent Cements for Transition Joints Between Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Non-Pressure Piping Components

ABSTRACT
This specification provides general requirements for solvent cements used in joining acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) plastic pipe or fittings to poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plastic pipe or fittings in non-pressure applications only. The solvent cement shall be a solution of Class 12454-B, unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) molding or extrusion compound. Materials shall be tested and the individual grades shall conform to specified values of resin content, dissolution, viscosity, lap shear strength, hydrostatic burst strength, solids content, and bond strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides general requirements for solvent cements used in joining acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) plastic pipe or fittings to poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plastic pipe or fittings.  
1.2 These cements are intended for use in cementing transition joints between ABS and PVC materials in non-pressure applications only (25 psi (170 kPa) or less).  
Note 1: This specification was developed to provide a means for joining an ABS non-pressure piping system using a solvent-cemented transition joint, for example, joining ABS building drain to a PVC sewer system. The intention was not to create a specification for an all purpose ABS-PVC solvent cement that would be used for mixing of ABS and PVC piping materials nor to specify a cement that could generally be used for either material. Specific cements for ABS or PVC components should be used (see 1.3).  
1.3 Solvent cements used for joining PVC pipe and fittings are specified in Specification D2564. Solvent cements used for joining ABS pipe and fittings are specified in Specification D2235.  
1.4 A recommended procedure for joining ABS to PVC pipe and fittings for non-pressure applications is given in the appendix.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 6, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2021
• ICS: 83.180 - Adhesives
• Technical Committee: F17 - Plastic Piping Systems
• Drafting Committee: F17.20 - Joining

Relations

• Refers: ASTM D2665-24 - Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2024
• Refers: ASTM D2665-20 - Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2020
• Refers: ASTM D2564-20 - Standard Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Piping Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2020
• Refers: ASTM F412-20 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2020
• Refers: ASTM D1784-20 - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds
• Effective Date: 15-Jan-2020
• Refers: ASTM F412-19 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2019
• Refers: ASTM D2564-12(2018) - Standard Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Piping Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2018
• Refers: ASTM D1600-18 - Standard Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics (Withdrawn 2024)
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2018
• Refers: ASTM F412-17a - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2017
• Refers: ASTM F412-17 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2017
• Refers: ASTM F412-16a - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2016
• Refers: ASTM F412-16 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2016
• Refers: ASTM F412-15 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2015
• Refers: ASTM D2661-14 - Standard Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Schedule 40 Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Refers: ASTM F493-14 - Standard Specification for Solvent Cements for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2014

Overview

ASTM D3138-21 is the internationally recognized standard specification for solvent cements used to join acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) non-pressure piping components. Developed by ASTM International, this standard ensures that solvent cements used for transition joints between ABS and PVC pipes and fittings meet stringent quality and performance requirements for non-pressure applications-defined as systems operating at 25 psi (170 kPa) or less.

This specification is critical for manufacturers, contractors, and inspectors who are responsible for installing or specifying plastic piping systems in applications such as building drains and sewers where reliable and safe transition joints between ABS and PVC components are necessary.

Key Topics

• Scope and Use

  • Solvent cements covered by ASTM D3138-21 are intended solely for non-pressure applications, such as building drainage or waste piping, where both ABS and PVC materials are present.
  • The standard specifies that these cements are not intended for general-purpose use or for joining only ABS or only PVC pipes; dedicated cements should be used for those applications.

• Material Requirements

  • Solvent cements must be formulated as a solution based on Class 12454-B unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride), as outlined in ASTM D1784 or equivalent PVC resin.
  • The product must be free-flowing and may not contain lumps, foreign matter, or undissolved particles that could affect joint integrity.
  • Both virgin and clean rework materials can be used if they are compatible and meet the performance criteria.

• Performance Criteria

  • The specification requires conformance to minimum standards for:
    • Resin content
    • Dissolution capabilities
    • Viscosity
    • Lap shear strength
    • Hydrostatic burst strength
    • Solids content
    • Bond strength

• Testing and Quality Control

  • The standard details test methods for determining compliance, including procedures for measuring viscosity (per ASTM D1084), lap shear and hydrostatic burst strengths.
  • Product certification and quality assurance requirements ensure traceability and conformity to the standard.

• Labeling and Safety

  • Containers must be clearly labeled with the manufacturer’s information, usage designation (ABS/PVC transition joints in non-pressure systems), application instructions, and complete safety warnings.

Applications

ASTM D3138-21 is widely used in the construction and plumbing industries for plastic piping systems where a reliable, chemical-bonded transition between ABS and PVC components is essential. Typical practical applications include:

• Building Drainage Systems: Connecting ABS building drains to PVC building or municipal sewer systems.
• Renovations or Upgrades: Integrating new PVC piping into existing ABS drainage systems without compromising joint strength.
• Non-Pressure Piping Installations: Suitable for transitions in systems that do not convey pressurized fluids, specifically up to 25 psi (170 kPa).

Following the recommended installation procedures ensures strong, durable joints and reduces the risk of leaks or joint failure within these critical plumbing infrastructure connections.

Related Standards

For users and specifiers of ASTM D3138-21, the following related ASTM standards provide additional guidance:

• ASTM D2235: Specification for Solvent Cement for ABS Plastic Pipe and Fittings.
• ASTM D2564: Specification for Solvent Cements for PVC Plastic Piping Systems.
• ASTM F402: Practice for Safe Handling of Solvent Cements, Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings.
• ASTM D2661 & D2665: Specifications for ABS and PVC plastic drain, waste, and vent pipe and fittings.
• ASTM D1784: Classification system and basis for specification for rigid PVC compounds.
• ASTM F412: Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems.

Consult these standards to ensure comprehensive compliance across all aspects of plastic piping system installation and transition joint construction.

ASTM D3138-21 supports the long-term integrity and safety of plastic piping infrastructure wherever ABS and PVC transitions are required in non-pressure environments.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3138 −21 An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Solvent Cements for Transition Joints Between Acrylonitrile-
Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)
Non-Pressure Piping Components
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3138; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 This specification provides general requirements for
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
solventcementsusedinjoiningacrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
(ABS) plastic pipe or fittings to poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
plastic pipe or fittings.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.2 These cements are intended for use in cementing tran-
sition joints between ABS and PVC materials in non-pressure
2. Referenced Documents
applications only (25 psi (170 kPa) or less).
2.1 ASTM Standards:
NOTE 1—This specification was developed to provide a means for D1084Test Methods for Viscosity of Adhesives
joining an ABS non-pressure piping system using a solvent-cemented
D1600TerminologyforAbbreviatedTermsRelatingtoPlas-
transition joint, for example, joiningABS building drain to a PVC sewer
tics
system. The intention was not to create a specification for an all purpose
D1784Classification System and Basis for Specification for
ABS-PVCsolventcementthatwouldbeusedformixingofABSandPVC
Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlo-
piping materials nor to specify a cement that could generally be used for
either material. Specific cements forABS or PVC components should be rinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds
used (see 1.3).
D2235Specification for Solvent Cement for Acrylonitrile-
Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Plastic Pipe and Fittings
1.3 Solvent cements used for joining PVC pipe and fittings
are specified in Specification D2564. Solvent cements used for D2564Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl
joining ABS pipe and fittings are specified in Specification Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Piping Systems
D2235. D2661 Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene
(ABS) Schedule 40 Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe
1.4 ArecommendedprocedureforjoiningABStoPVCpipe
and Fittings
and fittings for non-pressure applications is given in the
D2665Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic
appendix.
Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and Fittings
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
F402 Practice for Safe Handling of Solvent Cements,
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining Thermoplastic
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
Pipe and Fittings
and are not considered standard.
F412Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the F493Specification for Solvent Cements for Chlorinated
test methods portion, Section 6, of this specification: This Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
3. Terminology
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
nology F412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Termi-
regulatory limitations prior to use.
nology D1600, unless otherwise specified.
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F17 on Plastic
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.20 on Joining. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2021. Published November 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D3138–04(2016). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D3138-21. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3138 − 21
4. Materials and Manufacture 6.1.2.1 Stir the sample thoroughly with a spatula before
weighing (Note 4). Weight 3.0 6 0.5g of the sample to the
4.1 The solvent cement shall be a solution of Class 12454,
nearest 1 mg into a tared ointment tin. Place the tin into the
unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) molding or extrusion com-
vacuum oven (Note 5), and heat at 248°F (120°C) for 45 min
pound as classified in Specification D1784, or equivalent PVC
+ 15, −0 min. Discard specimens left in for more than 1h.The
resin.
vacuummustbecontinuallyinoperationtodrawoffflammable
4.2 Either virgin or clean rework material may be used,
solvents. Absolute pressure should not exceed 15 mm Hg.
providedthatthereworkmaterialisgeneratedfromthesolvent
Remove the tin from the oven and place in a desiccator until
cement manufacturer’s own production, is compatible with
cooled to room temperature.Weigh the tin and dried sample to
virgin material, and will produce a cement that meets the
the nearest 1 mg.
requirements of this specification.
NOTE 4—This material is usually nonhomogeneous and shall be
4.3 The cement shall be free-flowing and shall not contain
thoroughly stirred before weighing. The weighing shall also be accom-
lumps, macroscopic undissolved particles, or any foreign
plished quickly to avoid loss of solvent by volatilization. Some vacuum
ovensrequirealongerperiodoftimethan15mintoreach248°F(120°C)
matter that will adversely affect the ultimate joint strength or
even after preheating. It is recommended that the operator watch closely
chemical resistance of the cement.
the time required to reach 248°F (120°C) and, by manipulation of the
4.4 The cement shall show no gelation. It shall show no heat control mechanism, minimize the amount of time required to reach
248°F (120°C) while not exceeding the required temperature.
stratification or separation that cannot be removed by stirring
NOTE 5—The use of a vacuum oven is mandatory for drying the
or shaking.
specimen. This oven has neither an exposed heating surface nor an open
flame, thus avoiding the danger of flashing. The oven also provides an
4.5 Inertfillersmaybeadded,providedtheresultingcement
open vacuum to exhaust solvent fumes.
meets all requirements of this specification.
6.1.2.2 After weighing, dissolve the dried sample in THF
4.6 The solvents used in the formulation of this solvent
and determine quantitatively any inert fillers by means of
cement shall consist of tetrahydrofuran (THF) in combination
centrifuging. Deduct the weight of the fillers determined from
with cyclohexanone or methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), or both.
the weight of the dried sample prior to calculating the content
NOTE 2—It is recommended that solvent cements made to this speci-
of PVC resin in the cement.
ficationnotbeorangesincethatcolorisrecommendedforusewithCPVC
solvent cement under Specification F493.
NOTE 6—Dissolve most of the dried sample by adding 15 mL of THF
to the sample in the ointment tin and stirring with a glass rod for 15 min.
Dissolvetheremainderwithasecondadditionof15mLofTHF,followed
5. Other Requirements
by a third addition of 5 mL of THF to rinse the ointment tin. Centrifuge
5.1 Resin Content—The PVC resin content shall be 10%
the entire volume at 20000 r/min for 15 min. Discard the supernatant
minimum when tested in accordance with 6.1. liquid. Add 15 mL of THF to the tube, mix thoroughly, and transfer the
tube contents to the ointment tin. Use 2 mL more of THF to wash down
5.2 Dissolution—Dissolution—The cement shall be capable
the tube, and pour into the ointment tin. Evaporate off the THF in the
of dissolving an additional 3 weight% of Class 12454, PVC vacuumovenat248°F(120°C)for45min.Coolindesiccator,weighthe
tin to the nearest 1 mg, and calculate the percent of inert filler present in
compound or the equivalent PVC resin at 73.4°F 6 3.6°F
the cement.
(23°C 6 2°C) without evidence of gelation.
6.1.3 Calculation—Calculate the percentage of PVC resin,
5.3 Viscosity—The minimum viscosity at room temperature
R, as follows:
shall be 90 cP (90 mPa·s) when tested in accordance with 6.2.
R,% 5 @~B 2 A 2 D!/~C 2 A!# 3100
NOTE 3—Cements approaching the minimum viscosity requirement of
thisspecificationgenerallyarenotrecommendedfornoninterference-type
where:
fit (where a gap exists between the pipe and fitting socket).
A = weight of ointment tin,
5.4 Lap Shear Strength—The minimum average lap shear
B = weight of tin and specimen after drying,
strength when tested in accordance with 6.3.2 shall be 600 psi
C = weight of tin and specimen before drying, and
(4.1 MPa) after a 72-h curing time.
D = weight of inert filler, if present.
5.5 Hydrostatic Burst Strength—The minimum average hy-
6.2 Viscosity—Measure the viscosity in accordance with
drostatic burst strength when tested in accordance with 6.3.3
Method B of Test Methods D1084 except that conditioning to
shall be 200 psi (1.4 MPa) after a 72-h curing time.
temperature equilibrium only is required. For qualification
purposes use a Model RVF viscometer, a speed of 10 r/min,
6. Test Methods andthespindlethat,bytrial,givestheclosestreadingtocenter
rangeofscaleforthecementbeingtested.Otherspeedsmaybe
6.1 Solids Content:
used for quality control purposes.
6.1.1 Apparatus:
6.1.1.1 Ointment Tins (Style No. 12, 1-oz (30-mL), all 6.3 Bond Strength:
metal). 6.3.1 Number of Specimens—A minimum of seven speci-
6.1.1.2 Vacuum Oven.
mens shall be tested for the lap shear strength test (see 5.4).A
6.1.1.3 Analytical Balance. minimum of five specimens shall be tested for the hydrostatic
6.1.1.4 Centrifuge. burst strength tes
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3138 − 04 (Reapproved 2016) D3138 − 21 An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Solvent Cements for Transition Joints Between Acrylonitrile-
Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) and Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)
Non-Pressure Piping Components
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3138; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This specification provides general requirements for solvent cements used in joining acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS)
plastic pipe or fittings to poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plastic pipe or fittings.
1.2 These cements are intended for use in cementing transition joints between ABS and PVC materials in non-pressure
applications only (25 psi (170 kPa) or less).
NOTE 1—This specification was developed to provide a means for joining an ABS non-pressure piping system using a solvent-cemented transition joint,
for example, joining ABS building drain to a PVC sewer system. The intention was not to create a specification for an all purpose ABS-PVC solvent
cement that would be used for mixing of ABS and PVC piping materials nor to specify a cement that could generally be used for either material. Specific
cements for ABS or PVC components should be used (see 1.3).
1.3 Solvent cements used for joining PVC pipe and fittings are specified in Specification D2564. Solvent cements used for joining
ABS pipe and fittings are specified in Specification D2235.
1.4 A recommended procedure for joining ABS to PVC pipe and fittings for non-pressure applications is given in the appendix.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 6, of this specification: This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.20 on Joining.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2016Nov. 1, 2021. Published November 2016November 2021. Originally approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 20112016
as D3138 – 04(2011).(2016). DOI: 10.1520/D3138-04R16.10.1520/D3138-21.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3138 − 21
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1084 Test Methods for Viscosity of Adhesives
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics
D1784 Classification System and Basis for Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds
D2235 Specification for Solvent Cement for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Plastic Pipe and Fittings
D2564 Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Piping Systems
D2661 Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Schedule 40 Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and Fittings
D2665 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe and Fittings
F402 Practice for Safe Handling of Solvent Cements, Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
F493 Specification for Solvent Cements for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe and Fittings
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology
D1600, unless otherwise specified.
4. Materials and Manufacture
4.1 The solvent cement shall be a solution of Class 12454-B,12454, unplasticized poly(vinyl chloride) molding or extrusion
compound as classified in Specification D1784, or equivalent PVC resin.
4.2 Either virgin or clean rework material may be used, provided that the rework material is generated from the solvent cement
manufacturer’s own production, is compatible with virgin material, and will produce a cement that meets the requirements of this
specification.
4.3 The cement shall be free-flowing and shall not contain lumps, macroscopic undissolved particles, or any foreign matter that
will adversely affect the ultimate joint strength or chemical resistance of the cement.
4.4 The cement shall show no gelation. It shall show no stratification or separation that cannot be removed by stirring or shaking.
4.5 Inert fillers may be added, provided the resulting cement meets all requirements of this specification.
4.6 The solvents used in the formulation of this solvent cement shall consist of tetrahydrofuran (THF) in combination with
cyclohexanone or methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), or both.
NOTE 2—It is recommended that solvent cements made to this specification not be orange since that color is recommended for use with CPVC solvent
cement under Specification F493.
5. Other Requirements
5.1 Resin Content—The PVC resin content shall be 10 % minimum when tested in accordance with 6.1.
5.2 Dissolution—TheDissolution—The cement shall be capable of dissolving an additional 3 weight % of Class 12454-B,12454,
PVC compound or the equivalent PVC resin at 73.473.4 °F 6 3.6°F (233.6 °F (23 °C 6 2°C)2 °C) without evidence of gelation.
5.3 Viscosity—The minimum viscosity at room temperature shall be 90 cP (90 mPa·s) when tested in accordance with 6.2.
NOTE 3—Cements approaching the minimum viscosity requirement of this specification generally are not recommended for noninterference-type fit
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
D3138 − 21
(where a gap exists between the pipe and fitting socket).
5.4 Lap Shear Strength—The minimum average lap shear strength when tested in accordance with 6.3.2 shall be 600 psi (4.1 MPa)
after a 72-h curing time.
5.5 Hydrostatic Burst Strength—The minimum average hydrostatic burst strength when tested in accordance with 6.3.3 shall be
200 psi (1.4 MPa) after a 72-h curing time.
6. Test Methods
6.1 Solids Content:
6.1.1 Apparatus:
6.1.1.1 Ointment Tins (Style No. 12, 1-oz (30-mL), all metal).
6.1.1.2 Vacuum Oven.
6.1.1.3 Analytical Balance.
6.1.1.4 Centrifuge.
6.1.2 Procedure:
6.1.2.1 Stir the sample thoroughly with a spatula before weighing (Note 4). Weight 3.0 6 0.5 g of the sample to the nearest 1 mg
into a tared ointment tin. Place the tin into the vacuum oven (Note 5), and heat at 248°F (120°C)248 °F (120 °C) for 45 min +
15, −0 min. Discard specimens left in for more than 1 h. The vacuum must be continually in operation to draw off flammable
solvents. Absolute pressure should not exceed 15 mm Hg. Remove the tin from the oven and place in a desiccator until cooled
to room temperature. Weigh the tin and dried sample to the nearest 1 mg.
NOTE 4—This material is usually nonhomogeneous and shall be thoroughly stirred before weighing. The weighing shall also be accomplished quickly
to avoid loss of solvent by volatilization. Some vacuum ovens require a longer period of time than 15 min to reach 248°F (120°C)248 °F (120 °C) even
after preheating. It is recommended that the operator watch closely the time required to reach 248°F (120°C)248 °F (120 °C) and, by manipulation of
the heat control mechanism, minimize the amount of time required to reach 248°F (120°C)248 °F (120 °C) while not exceeding the required temperature.
NOTE 5—The use of a vacuum oven is mandatory for drying the specimen. This oven has neither an exposed heating surface nor an open flame, thus
avoiding the danger of flashing. The oven also provides an open vacuum to exhaust solvent fumes.
6.1.2.2 After weighing, dissolve the dried sample in THF and determine quantitatively any inert fillers by means of centrifuging.
Deduct the weight of the fillers determined from the weight of the dried sample prior to calculating the content of PVC resin in
the cement.
NOTE 6—Dissolve most of the dried sample by adding 15 mL of THF to the sample in the ointment tin and stirring with a glass rod for 15 min. Dissolve
the remainder with a second addition of 15 mL of THF, followed by a third addition of 5 mL of THF to rinse the ointment tin. Centrifuge the entire volume
at 20 00020 000 r/min for 15 min. Discard the supernatant liquid. Add 15 mL of THF to the tube, mix thoroughly, and transfer the tube contents to the
ointment tin. Use 2 mL more of THF to wash down the tube, and pour into the ointment tin. Evaporate off the THF in the vacuum oven at 248°F
(120°C)248 °F (120 °C) for 45 min. Cool in desiccator, weigh the tin to the nearest 1 mg, and calculate the percent of inert filler present in the cement.
6.1.3 Calculation—Calculate the percentage of PVC resin, R, as follows:
R,%5 B 2 A 2 D / C 2 A 3100
@~ ! ~ !#
where:
A = weight of ointment tin,
B = weight of tin and specimen after drying,
C = weight of tin and specimen before drying, and
D = weight of inert filler, if present.
D3138 − 21
6.2 Viscosity—Measure the viscosity in accordance with Method B of Test Methods D1084 except that conditioning to temperature
equilibrium only is required. For qualification purposes use a Model RVF viscometer, a speed of 10 r/min, and the spindle that,
by trial, gives the closest reading to center range of scale for the cement being tested. Other speeds may be used for quality control
purposes.
6.3 Bond Strength:
6.3.1 Number of Specimens—A minimum of seven specimens shall be tested for the lap shear s
...